scholarly journals A Thermodynamic Model of Solar Thermal Energy Assisted Natural Gas Fired Combined Cycle (NGCC) Power Plant

2016 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingchao Wang ◽  
Edward K. Levy ◽  
Carlos E. Romero
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermodynamic Model ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy

A 150Kw Integrated Solar Combined Cycle (ISCC) Power Plant

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon W. Teets ◽  
J. Michael Teets
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Turbine Engine

With the soaring price of oil and the global push toward reduction in carbon emissions, renewable energy is treated by many as a solution to the economic and environmental cost of consumption of fossil fuels. With the power plant reviewed in this paper use of Solar and Bio-fuels will be attained. During the day power needs can be met with Solar energy and when that energy supply is not adequate can use bio-fuels or fuel of choice (gaseous or liquid). If there is a need for use only with Solar energy (i.e. peak power demand) can shut down and restart when desired. Due to the size of the unit, start up is not a long labor intensive task and can be accomplished within the hour. The 150 Kw Integrated Solar Combined Cycle (ISCC) power plant is for commercial and residential use. The unit will produce 150 Kw electrical power output to customer with Solar Thermal Energy (STE). Solar Thermal energy is attained from parabolic trough concentrator(s). Working fluid in the STE system is Syltherm 800 (Silicone Heat Transfer Fluid) is acceptable use from –40F to 750 F. This fluid is heated and passes through a heat exchanger to transfer energy to the closed rankine cycle (where the liquid is changed to vapor stage. Steady state analysis performed on the rankine cycle, with ammonia / water mixture (50/50) used NIST standard reference database 23 for the thermodynamic and transport properties REFPROP [1]. A unique feature with the combined cycle unit, is the rankine cycle turbine wheel is directly attached to the power producing gas turbine spool, thus share a common high speed permanent magnet alternator assembly. The core gas turbine engine used in the combined cycle is a two spool, high pressure ratio (11:1) simple cycle microturbine with cycle efficiency of 20%, at 70Kw output electrical power (sea level standard day). The latter is defined as model TMA 70SC. In addition to the gas turbine engine and rankine turbine stage, the combined cycle incorporates a gas turbine waste heat boiler, economizer, condenser and economizer fluid preheater. The combined cycle unit, without thermal energy, will produce 145Kw (sea level standard day) with an electrical output efficiency of 40%. The gas turbine exhaust to atmosphere will be less than 240 F. The ISCC unit power producing spool / rotor will operate at 100% N regardless of gas turbine power demand. Whereas, spool number one will vary with gas turbine power demand. When the available solar thermal energy decreases the gas turbine fuel flow will increase to maintain electrical power, pending day conditions. The ISCC power plant, can be used for main power plants in [stand alone] communities, business, industrial or distributed energy (D.E.). Also, will provide electrical power to the customer at lower rate than traditional power companies.

scholarly journals Solar Integrated Anaerobic Digester: Energy Savings and Economics

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4292
Author(s):  
Lidia Lombardi ◽  
Barbara Mendecka ◽  
Simone Fabrizi
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Solar Integration

Industrial anaerobic digestion requires low temperature thermal energy to heat the feedstock and maintain temperature conditions inside the reactor. In some cases, the thermal requirements are satisfied by burning part of the produced biogas in devoted boilers. However, part of the biogas can be saved by integrating thermal solar energy into the anaerobic digestion plant. We study the possibility of integrating solar thermal energy in biowaste mesophilic/thermophilic anaerobic digestion, with the aim of reducing the amount of biogas burnt for internal heating and increasing the amount of biogas, further upgraded to biomethane and injected into the natural gas grid. With respect to previously available studies that evaluated the possibility of integrating solar thermal energy in anaerobic digestion, we introduce the topic of economic sustainability by performing a preliminary and simplified economic analysis of the solar system, based only on the additional costs/revenues. The case of Italian economic incentives for biomethane injection into the natural gas grid—that are particularly favourable—is considered as reference case. The amount of saved biogas/biomethane, on an annual basis, is about 4–55% of the heat required by the gas boiler in the base case, without solar integration, depending on the different considered variables (mesophilic/thermophilic, solar field area, storage time, latitude, type of collector). Results of the economic analysis show that the economic sustainability can be reached only for some of the analysed conditions, using the less expensive collector, even if its efficiency allows lower biomethane savings. Future reduction of solar collector costs might improve the economic feasibility. However, when the payback time is calculated, excluding the Italian incentives and considering selling the biomethane at the natural gas price, its value is always higher than 10 years. Therefore, incentives mechanism is of great importance to support the economic sustainability of solar integration in biowaste anaerobic digestion producing biomethane.

scholarly journals Solar-Augment Potential of U.S. Fossil-Fired Power Plants

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig S. Turchi ◽  
Nicholas Langle ◽  
Robin Bedilion ◽  
Cara Libby
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Natural Gas Combined Cycle ◽  
The Difference

Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) systems utilize solar thermal energy for the generation of electric power. This attribute makes it relatively easy to integrate CSP systems with fossil-fired power plants. The “solar-augment” of fossil power plants offers a lower cost and lower risk alternative to stand-alone solar plant construction. This study ranked the potential to add solar thermal energy to coal-fired and natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) plants found throughout 16 states in the southeast and southwest United States. Each generating unit was ranked in six categories to create an overall score ranging from Excellent to Not Considered. Separate analysis was performed for parabolic trough and power tower technologies due to the difference in the steam temperatures that each can generate. The study found a potential for over 11 GWe of parabolic trough and over 21 GWe of power tower capacity. Power towers offer more capacity and higher quality integration due to the greater steam temperatures that can be achieved. The best sites were in the sunny southwest, but all states had at least one site that ranked Good for augmentation. Geographic depiction of the results can be accessed via NREL’s Solar Power Prospector at http://maps.nrel.gov/.

A Low Temperature Solar Thermochemical Power Plant With CO2 Recovery Using Methanol-Fueled Chemical Looping Combustion

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Hong ◽  
Tao Han ◽  
Hongguang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Oxidation Reactor

A novel solar-hybrid gas turbine combined cycle was proposed. The cycle integrates methanol-fueled chemical-looping combustion and solar thermal energy at around 200°C, and it was investigated with the aid of the Energy-Utilization Diagram (EUD). Solar thermal energy, at approximately 150°C–300°C, is utilized to drive the reduction of Fe2O3 with methanol in the reduction reactor, and is converted into chemical energy associated with the solid fuel FeO. Then it is released as high-temperature thermal energy during the oxidation of FeO in the oxidation reactor to generate electricity through the combined cycle. As a result, the exergy efficiency of the proposed solar thermal cycle may reach 58.4% at a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1400°C, and the net solar-to-electric efficiency would be expected to be more than 30%. The promising results obtained here indicate that this solar-hybrid combined cycle not only offers a new approach for highly efficient use of middle-and-low temperature solar thermal energy to generate electricity, but also provides the possibility of simultaneously utilizing renewable energy and alternative fuel for CO2 capture with low energy penalty.

A Low Temperature Solar Thermochemical Power Plant With CO2 Recovery Using Methanol-Fueled Chemical Looping Combustion

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Hong ◽  
Tao Han ◽  
Hongguang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Oxidation Reactor

A novel solar-hybrid gas turbine combined cycle was proposed. The cycle integrates methanol-fueled chemical-looping combustion and solar thermal energy at around 200°C, and it was investigated with the aid of the energy-utilization diagram (EUD). Solar thermal energy, at approximately 150°C–300°C, is utilized to drive the reduction in Fe2O3 with methanol in the reduction reactor, and is converted into chemical energy associated with the solid fuel FeO. Then it is released as high-temperature thermal energy during the oxidation of FeO in the oxidation reactor to generate electricity through the combined cycle. As a result, the exergy efficiency of the proposed solar thermal cycle may reach 58.4% at a turbine inlet temperature of 1400°C, and the net solar-to-electric efficiency would be expected to be 22.3%. The promising results obtained here indicate that this solar-hybrid combined cycle not only offers a new approach for highly efficient use of middle-and-low temperature solar thermal energy to generate electricity, but also provides the possibility of simultaneously utilizing renewable energy and alternative fuel for CO2 capture with low energy penalty.

Evaluation of a Prototype Integrated Solar Combined-Cycle Power Plant Using a Linear Fresnel Reflector

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Altmann ◽  
A. S. (Ed) Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Collector Efficiency ◽  
Linear Fresnel Reflector ◽  
Solar Resource

A computational heat-transfer and thermodynamic-cycle model was developed to evaluate the performance of an integrated solar and combined-cycle power plant using a prototype linear Fresnel reflector. The solar receiver consists of a secondary reflector and single-tube absorber, with a selective surface and glass cover to optimize collector efficiency. The solar integration occurs in the high-pressure steam drum of the heat recovery steam generator, to boost power output when solar energy is available without the need for an auxiliary fossil-fueled boiler or thermal storage. The solar resource and weather data used in the model were for the municipality of Bom Jesus da Lapa, Brazil. Results indicated that, over a year, 8.25 GWh of solar thermal energy was provided to the plant, with an incremental power plant output of 2.76 GWh. While these numbers were small relative to baseline power plant operation using only fossil-fuel sources, the utilization of additional solar thermal modules would produce a more significant impact.

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