A review on fractional order (FO) controllers’ optimization for load frequency stabilization in power networks

This paper presents load frequency control of the 2021 Egyptian power system, which consists of multi-source electrical power generation, namely, a gas and steam combined cycle, and hydro, wind and photovoltaic power stations. The simulation model includes five generating units considering physical constraints such as generation rate constraints (GRC) and the speed governor dead band. It is assumed that a centralized controller is located at the national control center to regulate the frequency of the grid. Four controllers are applied in this research: PID, fractional-order PID (FOPID), non-linear PID (NPID) and non-linear fractional-order PID (NFOPID), to control the system frequency. The design of each controller is conducted based on the novel tunicate swarm algorithm at each operating condition. The novel method is compared to other widely used optimization techniques. The results show that the tunicate swarm NFOPID controller leads the Egyptian power system to a better performance than the other control schemes. This research also presents a comparison between four methods to self-tune the NFOPID controller at each operating condition.

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5G Poor and Rich Novel Control Scheme Based Load Frequency Regulation of a Two-Area System with 100% Renewables in Africa

Fractal and Fractional ◽

10.3390/fractalfract5010002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 2

Author(s):

Hady H. Fayek

Keyword(s):

Power System ◽

Fractional Order ◽

Packet Loss ◽

Pid Controller ◽

Frequency Control ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Load Frequency Control ◽

Load Frequency ◽

Control Scheme ◽

Non Linear

Remote farms in Africa are cultivated lands planned for 100% sustainable energy and organic agriculture in the future. This paper presents the load frequency control of a two-area power system feeding those farms. The power system is supplied by renewable technologies and storage facilities only which are photovoltaics, biogas, biodiesel, solar thermal, battery storage and flywheel storage systems. Each of those facilities has 150-kW capacity. This paper presents a model for each renewable energy technology and energy storage facility. The frequency is controlled by using a novel non-linear fractional order proportional integral derivative control scheme (NFOPID). The novel scheme is compared to a non-linear PID controller (NPID), fractional order PID controller (FOPID), and conventional PID. The effect of the different degradation factors related to the communication infrastructure, such as the time delay and packet loss, are modeled and simulated to assess the controlled system performance. A new cost function is presented in this research. The four controllers are tuned by novel poor and rich optimization (PRO) algorithm at different operating conditions. PRO controller design is compared to other state of the art techniques in this paper. The results show that the PRO design for a novel NFOPID controller has a promising future in load frequency control considering communication delays and packet loss. The simulation and optimization are applied on MATLAB/SIMULINK 2017a environment.

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Parameter identification for load frequency control using fuzzy FOPID in power system

COMPEL The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering ◽

10.1108/compel-04-2020-0159 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Ram Kumar ◽

Afzal Sikander

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Power System ◽

Parameter Identification ◽

Fractional Order ◽

Optimization Technique ◽

Load Frequency Control ◽

Control Law ◽

Content Type ◽

Load Frequency ◽

Frequency Controller

Purpose This paper aims to suggest the parameter identification of load frequency controller in power system. Design/methodology/approach The suggested control approach is established using fuzzy logic to design a fractional order load frequency controller. A new suitable control law is developed using fuzzy logic, and based on this developed control law, the unknown parameters of the fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) controller are derived using an optimization technique, which is being used by minimizing the integral square error. In addition, to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control design approach, numerous simulation tests were carried out on an actual single-area power system. Findings The obtained results reveal the superiority of the suggested controller as compared to the recently developed controllers with regard to time response specifications and quantifiable indicators. Additionally, the potential of the suggested controller is also observed by improving the load disturbance rejections under plant parametric uncertainty. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the work is not published anywhere else.

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