Markers of inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease are also associated with glycosylated haemoglobin A within the normal range

Background: Diabetic vasculopathy plays an important role in the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease (CAD) with oxidative stress as a strong mediator. This study aims to elucidate the underlying pathomechanisms of diabetic cardiac vasculopathy leading to coronary disease with an emphasis on the role of oxidative stress. Therefore, novel insights into antioxidant pathways might contribute to new strategies in the treatment and prevention of diabetic CAD. Methods: In 20 patients with insulin-dependent or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM/NIDDM) and 39 non-diabetic (CTR) patients, myocardial markers of oxidative stress, vasoactive proteins, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), activated phosphorylated eNOS (p-eNOS), and antioxidant enzymes, e.g., tetrahydrobiopterin generating dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), heme oxygenase (HO-1), as well as serum markers of inflammation, e.g., E-selectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lipid metabolism, e.g., high- and low-density lipoptrotein (HDL- and LDL-cholesterol) were determined in specimens of right atrial tissue and in blood samples from type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Results: IDDM/NIDDM increased markers of inflammation (e.g., E-selectin, p = 0.005 and IL-6, p = 0.051), decreased the phosphorylated myocardial p-eNOS (p = 0.032), upregulated the myocardial stress response protein HO-1 (p = 0.018), and enhanced the serum LDL-/HDL-cholesterol ratio (p = 0.019). However, the oxidative stress markers in the myocardium and the expression of vasoactive proteins (eNOS, DHFR) showed only marginal adverse changes in patients with IDDM/NIDDM. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia and myocardial inflammation seem to be the major determinants of diabetic CAD complications. Dysregulation in pro-oxidative enzymes might be attributable to the severity of CAD and oxidative stress levels in all included patients undergoing CABG.

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What Is the Relationship Between Myocardial Perfusion Imaging and Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors and Markers of Inflammation?

Angiology ◽

10.1177/0003319707303887 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 16-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Richard M. Fleming ◽

Gordon M. Harrington

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Myocardial Perfusion Imaging ◽

Myocardial Perfusion ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Coronary Artery Disease Risk ◽

Markers Of Inflammation ◽

Artery Disease ◽

The Relationship

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Carotid artery disease and stroke in patients with peripheral arterial disease. The role of inflammation

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease ◽

10.4081/monaldi.2009.337 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giusy Sirico ◽

Lucrezia Spadera ◽

Mario De Laurentis ◽

Gregorio Brevetti

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽

Carotid Artery Disease ◽

Arterial Disease ◽

Carotid Plaques ◽

Markers Of Inflammation ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Peripheral Arterial

Although during the last decade there have been great advances in our knowledge of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of multi-district atherosclerotic disease, little is known about the association between peripheral arterial disease and carotid artery disease. This review was conceived to cast some light on this topic, paying special attention to inflammation which plays a pivotal role in atherosclerosis. An aspect of pathophysiologic and clinical relevance is that the coexistence of carotid disease is more frequent in peripheral arterial disease than in coronary artery disease, not only in terms of carotid stenosis, but also with respect to the presence of hypoechoic unstable plaque. These latter plaques present a large infiltration of macrophages and are associated to high levels of inflammatory markers. In particular, the greater prevalence of hypoechoic carotid plaques in peripheral arterial disease compared to patients with carotid artery disease was poorly related to classic risk factors, but showed an independent association with an increased number of leukocyte and neutrophil cells, which are reliable markers of inflammation. The greater prevalence of hypoechoic unstable carotid plaques could explain why peripheral arterial disease portends higher risk of stroke than coronary artery disease.

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