Methods for determining the effective heating radius (EHR) in district heating systems (DHS) are developed, taking into account ensuring of reliable heat supply to consumers. EHR is such a length (distance) of a heat network (HN) from a district heat source (HS) to a consumer, within which the district heat supply of a given consumer is economically more profitable than a distributed (autonomic) one. Thus, the search for EHR for different transmission heat pipelines (TP) connected to the considered HS determines of its operation zones in different districts of the city. In addition, to the main problem of the EHR search, the assessment of nodal reliability indices (RI) for each consumer is carried out, on the basis of which the obtained EHR solutions are corrected (if necessary). As a result, we can determine the zones of district heating in DHS, within the framework of which not only energy and economically effective, but also reliable heat supply to consumers is provided. The developed methodical ensuring was used in the development of an optimal heat supply scheme for the Irkutsk city (Eastern Siberia, Russia). The brief review on the results of the conducted practical researches case study is presented.
A Review of District Heating Systems: Modeling and Optimization
