New perspectives on maximum wind energy extraction of variable-speed wind turbines using previewed wind speeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 112496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongran Song ◽  
Yinggang Yang ◽  
Songyue Zheng ◽  
Xiaofei Deng ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Energy Extraction ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Maximum Wind ◽  
Wind Speeds

Maximum Wind Energy Extraction for Variable Speed Wind Turbines With Slow Dynamic Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 3321-3322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaiyu Chen ◽  
Minghui Yin ◽  
Yun Zou ◽  
Ke Meng ◽  
ZhaoYang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Energy Extraction ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Slow Dynamic ◽  
Maximum Wind

scholarly journals Nonlinear Predictive Control Method for Maximizing Wind Energy Extraction of Variable Speed Wind Turbines under Turbulence

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-670
Author(s):  
Ahmed Aissaoui ◽  
Houari Khouidmi ◽  
Ahmed Benzouaoui ◽  
Boubaker Bessedik
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
New Method ◽  
Energy Extraction ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Power Extraction ◽  
Maximum Wind ◽  
Nonlinear Predictive Control

Generally, wind turbines are controlled by Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategies in order to achieve maximum power extraction below its rated value. But it is very difficult to adjust the rotor speed according to the highly fluctuating wind speed accurately and quickly, due to the large inertia of wind turbines, and therefore, the efficiency of wind energy extraction will never reach its theoretical maximum value. To address this problem, a new method has been developed in this paper which is totally different from the known classical methods. In this paper a wind speeds prediction for maximum wind energy extraction (MWEE) of variable-speed wind turbines (VSWTs) is presented. A nonlinear predictive control is developed by solving a nonlinear optimization problem to generate the optimal generator torque sequence and consequently the previewed rotor speeds with maximum wind energy extraction. A detailed explanation has been provided of how this new method works through a detailed block diagram; accurate algorithm and flowchart. The proposed nonlinear predictive method takes full advantage and the MWEE objective is confirmed by the simulation results compared to the classical TSR methods.

SHAPING OF AN AUTONOMOUS POWER SYSTEM FOR GUARANTEED POWER SUPPLY WITH THE PREDOMINANCE WIND ENERGY

2018 ◽  
pp. 28-50
Author(s):  
S. G. Ignatiev ◽  
S. V. Kiseleva
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Average Wind

Optimization of the autonomous wind-diesel plants composition and of their power for guaranteed energy supply, despite the long history of research, the diversity of approaches and methods, is an urgent problem. In this paper, a detailed analysis of the wind energy characteristics is proposed to shape an autonomous power system for a guaranteed power supply with predominance wind energy. The analysis was carried out on the basis of wind speed measurements in the south of the European part of Russia during 8 months at different heights with a discreteness of 10 minutes. As a result, we have obtained a sequence of average daily wind speeds and the sequences constructed by arbitrary variations in the distribution of average daily wind speeds in this interval. These sequences have been used to calculate energy balances in systems (wind turbines + diesel generator + consumer with constant and limited daily energy demand) and (wind turbines + diesel generator + consumer with constant and limited daily energy demand + energy storage). In order to maximize the use of wind energy, the wind turbine integrally for the period in question is assumed to produce the required amount of energy. For the generality of consideration, we have introduced the relative values of the required energy, relative energy produced by the wind turbine and the diesel generator and relative storage capacity by normalizing them to the swept area of the wind wheel. The paper shows the effect of the average wind speed over the period on the energy characteristics of the system (wind turbine + diesel generator + consumer). It was found that the wind turbine energy produced, wind turbine energy used by the consumer, fuel consumption, and fuel economy depend (close to cubic dependence) upon the specified average wind speed. It was found that, for the same system with a limited amount of required energy and high average wind speed over the period, the wind turbines with lower generator power and smaller wind wheel radius use wind energy more efficiently than the wind turbines with higher generator power and larger wind wheel radius at less average wind speed. For the system (wind turbine + diesel generator + energy storage + consumer) with increasing average speed for a given amount of energy required, which in general is covered by the energy production of wind turbines for the period, the maximum size capacity of the storage device decreases. With decreasing the energy storage capacity, the influence of the random nature of the change in wind speed decreases, and at some values of the relative capacity, it can be neglected.

scholarly journals Study of DOUBLY-FED Induction Generator For Variable Speed Wind Energy Conversion Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 273-277
Author(s):  
Manasi Pattnaik
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Doubly Fed Induction Generator ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Evolution Of Technology ◽  
Grid Codes ◽  
Doubly Fed

In recent years, wind energy has become one of the most important and promising sources of renewable energy, which demands additional transmission capacity and better means of maintaining system reliability. The evolution of technology related to wind systems industry leaded to the development of a generation of variable speed wind turbines that present many advantages compared to the fixed speed wind turbines. For example, grid codes are being revised to ensure that wind turbines would contribute to the control of voltage and frequency and also to stay connected to the host network following a disturbance. In response to the new grid code requirements, several DFIG models have been suggested recently. This paper deals with the introduction of DFIG and AC/DC/AC converter control

Effect of Slotted Angle on Savonius Wind Turbine Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Rahmat Wahyudi ◽  
Diniar Mungil Kurniawati ◽  
Alfian Djafar
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Angle Variation ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Savonius Wind Turbine ◽  
Low Wind Speeds

The potential of wind energy is very abundant but its utilization is still low. The effort to utilize wind energy is to utilize wind energy into electrical energy using wind turbines. Savonius wind turbines have a very simple shape and construction, are inexpensive, and can be used at low wind speeds. This research aims to determine the effect of the slot angle on the slotted blades configuration on the performance produced by Savonius wind turbines. Slot angle variations used are 5o ,10o , and 15o with slotted blades 30% at wind speeds of 2,23 m/s to 4,7 m/s using wind tunnel. The result showed that a small slot angle variation of 5o produced better wind turbine performance compared to a standard blade at low wind speeds and a low tip speed ratio.

scholarly journals The Kinetic Energy Budget of the Atmosphere (KEBA) model 1.0: a simple yet physical approach for estimating regional wind energy resource potentials that includes the kinetic energy removal effect by wind turbines

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 4993-5005
Author(s):  
Axel Kleidon ◽  
Lee M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Kinetic Energy Budget

Abstract. With the current expansion of wind power as a renewable energy source, wind turbines increasingly extract kinetic energy from the atmosphere, thus impacting its energy resource. Here, we present a simple, physics-based model (the Kinetic Energy Budget of the Atmosphere; KEBA) to estimate wind energy resource potentials that explicitly account for this removal effect. The model is based on the regional kinetic energy budget of the atmospheric boundary layer that encloses the wind farms of a region. This budget is shaped by horizontal and vertical influx of kinetic energy from upwind regions and the free atmosphere above, as well as the energy removal by the turbines, dissipative losses due to surface friction and wakes, and downwind outflux. These terms can be formulated in a simple yet physical way, yielding analytic expressions for how wind speeds and energy yields are reduced with increasing deployment of wind turbines within a region. We show that KEBA estimates compare very well to the modelling results of a previously published study in which wind farms of different sizes and in different regions were simulated interactively with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) atmospheric model. Compared to a reference case without the effect of reduced wind speeds, yields can drop by more than 50 % at scales greater than 100 km, depending on turbine spacing and the wind conditions of the region. KEBA is able to reproduce these reductions in energy yield compared to the simulated climatological means in WRF (n=36 simulations; r2=0.82). The kinetic energy flux diagnostics of KEBA show that this reduction occurs because the total yield of the simulated wind farms approaches a similar magnitude as the influx of kinetic energy. Additionally, KEBA estimates the slowing of the region's wind speeds, the associated reduction in electricity yields, and how both are due to the depletion of the horizontal influx of kinetic energy by the wind farms. This limits typical large-scale wind energy potentials to less than 1 W m−2 of surface area for wind farms with downwind lengths of more than 100 km, although this limit may be higher in windy regions. This reduction with downwind length makes these yields consistent with climate-model-based idealized simulations of large-scale wind energy resource potentials. We conclude that KEBA is a transparent and informative modelling approach to advance the scientific understanding of wind energy limits and can be used to estimate regional wind energy resource potentials that account for the depletion of wind speeds.

Nonlinear Systems Analysis and Control of Variable Speed Wind Turbines for Multiregime Operation

2014 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Semrau ◽  
Sigitas Rimkus ◽  
Tuhin Das
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Nonlinear Systems ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Control Feedback ◽  
Operating Regimes

The key control problems associated with variable speed wind turbines are maximization of extracted energy when operating below the rated wind speed, and power and speed regulation when operating above the rated wind speed. In this paper, we develop a nonlinear systems framework to address these problems. The framework is used to visualize and analyze the equilibria of the wind turbine as its operating regimes and controllers change. For both below rated and above rated wind speeds, we adopt nonlinear controllers, analyze the stability property of the resulting equilibria, and establish the criterion for switching between control regimes. Further, the regions of attraction of the resulting equilibria are determined, and the existence of a common region of attraction, which allows stable switching between operating regimes, is shown. The control input maintains continuity at the point of switching. We next provide a method for blade pitch modulation to control rotor speed at high wind speeds. Through Lyapunov stability analysis, we prove stability of the equilibria in the presence of the two independently functioning torque- and pitch-control feedback loops. Simulation results are presented and the controller is compared with existing works from the literature.

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