Influence of the use of external shear keys on the seismic behavior of Chilean highway bridges

2017 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 613-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
José de Jesús Wilches Están ◽  
Hernán Santa María ◽  
Rafael Riddell ◽  
Carlos Arrate
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Shear Keys

Seismic behavior of reinforced concrete sacrificial exterior shear keys of highway bridges

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Han ◽  
Yulong Zhou ◽  
Yuchen Ou ◽  
Xiuli Du
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Shear Keys

Evolution of seismic design codes of highway bridges in Chile

2021 ◽  
pp. 875529302098801
Author(s):  
José Wilches ◽  
Hernán Santa Maria ◽  
Roberto Leon ◽  
Rafael Riddell ◽  
Matías Hube ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Design Codes ◽  
Seismic Codes ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Residual Displacements ◽  
Shear Keys ◽  
Maule Earthquake ◽  
2010 Maule Earthquake

Chile, as a country with a long history of strong seismicity, has a record of both a constant upgrading of its seismic design codes and structural systems, particularly for bridges, as a result of major earthquakes. Recent earthquakes in Chile have produced extensive damage to highway bridges, such as deck collapses, large transverse residual displacements, yielding and failure of shear keys, and unseating of the main girders, demonstrating that bridges are highly vulnerable structures. Much of this damage can be attributed to construction problems and poor detailing guidelines in design codes. After the 2010 Maule earthquake, new structural design criteria were incorporated for the seismic design of bridges in Chile. The most significant change was that a site coefficient was included for the estimation of the seismic design forces in the shear keys, seismic bars, and diaphragms. This article first traces the historical development of earthquakes and construction systems in Chile to provide a context for the evolution of Chilean seismic codes. It then describes the seismic performance of highway bridges during the 2010 Maule earthquake, including the description of the main failure modes observed in bridges. Finally, this article provides a comparison of the Chilean bridge seismic code against the Japanese and United States codes, considering that these codes have a great influence on the seismic codes for Chilean bridges. The article demonstrates that bridge design and construction practices in Chile have evolved substantially in their requirements for the analysis and design of structural elements, such as in the definition of the seismic hazard to be considered, tending toward more conservative approaches in an effort to improve structural performance and reliability for Chilean bridges.

Seismic Capacity Evaluation of Exterior Shear Keys of Highway Bridges

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 04016119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Han ◽  
Yu-Long Zhou ◽  
Zi-Lan Zhong ◽  
Xiu-Li Du
Keyword(s):  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Shear Keys

Seismic Investigation of Steel Pile Bents: I. Evaluation of Performance

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman A. Shama ◽  
John B. Mander ◽  
Blaise A. Blabac ◽  
Stuart S. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Overall Performance

The main objective of this study is to assess the seismic vulnerability of a class of highway bridges existing in certain regions of the eastern and central states, where steel H-piles extends out of the soil to support the pier cap. During severe ground motions, the overall performance of the bridge will be governed by the local performance of the pile-to-cap beam connection. The scope of work was divided into several tasks as follows: (1) a theory was developed to predict the performance of the connection under lateral loading; (2) an initial experimental program was conducted to investigate the seismic behavior of the steel bents; (3) a retrofit strategy is proposed; (4) a second experimental study was carried out to validate the proposed retrofit method; and (5) fragility curves for such structures were developed. This paper deals with the first two tasks of the study. The other three tasks are the subject of a second companion paper (Shama 2002).

Parametric study of medium span bridges retrofitted with reinforced concrete jacketing

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-580
Author(s):  
J.M. Jara ◽  
O. Montes ◽  
B.A. Olmos ◽  
G. Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Seismic Forces ◽  
Bridge Models

Most reinforced concrete (RC) bridges in many countries are medium-span length structures built in the last decades and designed for very low seismic forces. The evolution of seismic codes and the average age of the bridges require the evaluation of their seismic vulnerability. This study assesses the expected capacity, demand and damage of seismically deficient medium-length highway bridges, supported in frame-type piers using dynamic nonlinear methodologies. A parametric study of reinforced concrete retrofitted bridges with RC jacketing was conducted. The non-retrofitted structures are 30 m span simple supported bridges with pier heights in the range of 5–25 m. The main emphasis of the study is the assessment of the jacket parameters’ contribution to the seismic vulnerability of bridges. Particularly, it is quantified how jacket thickness and reinforcement ratio affect the probability of reaching a particular damage limit state. The retrofitted scheme includes three jacket thicknesses and three different longitudinal steel ratios. The results evaluate bridge demands and fragility curves to quantify the influence of RC jacketing on the seismic response of structures and allow to select the best jacket parameters that improve the expected seismic behavior of the bridge models. Additionally, the influence of model hysteresis degradation on the expected damage of retrofitted bridges was also determined.

New technique for self-centering shear keys in highway bridges

2022 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 113395
Author(s):  
José Wilches ◽  
Roberto Leon ◽  
Hernán Santa María ◽  
Claudio Fernández ◽  
José I. Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Highway Bridges ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Shear Keys

Influence of Irregularity of the Substructure on Seismic Behavior of Highway Bridges

2009 ◽  
Vol 96 (18) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Daymaru Julieth ◽  
Salas Megchún ◽  
Consuelo Gómez Soberón
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Highway Bridges

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation of Unbonded Laminated Elastomeric Bearings and the Seismic Evaluations of Highway Bridges with Tested Bearing Components

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Wu ◽  
Kehai Wang ◽  
Guanya Lu ◽  
Panpan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Mechanical Degradation ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Rubber Material ◽  
Elastomeric Bearings ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Shear Keys

This paper presents an experimental program performed to investigate the behavioral characteristics of unbonded steel-reinforced laminated elastomeric bearings (U-SLEBs), which have been widely used for highway bridges in China. The influences on the friction behaviors, stiffness, and energy dissipations of the different parameters, such as compressive stresses, loading rates, and rubber material, were discussed. The responses of the U-SLEBs were compared with those of the bonded steel-reinforced laminated elastomeric bearings (B-SLEBs). Then, effective analytical models were developed, which considered the mechanical degradation of the U-SLEBs and simulated the realistic behaviors of the B-SLEBs. The seismic responses of a multispan continuous bridge with tested bearing components were also evaluated. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the U-SLEBs tended to degrade due to friction sliding. However, the degrees of the decrease were found to be dependent on the influencing parameters. Meanwhile, the B-SLEBs exhibited stiffening behaviors that led to tearing under large displacement demands. The bridges using U-SLEBs were found to suffer less damage due to the reliable sliding behavior of U-SLEBs. It is recommended that shear keys, which are reasonably designed in the transverse direction, be constructed in order to achieve better seismic performance.

Seismic Capacity Evaluation of Interior Shear Keys for Highway Bridges

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 972-987
Author(s):  
Qiang Han ◽  
Meng-Han Hu ◽  
Jia-Nian Wen ◽  
Xiu-Li Du
Keyword(s):  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Shear Keys

scholarly journals Role of Shear Keys in Seismic Behavior of Bridges Crossing Fault-Rupture Zones

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh K. Goel ◽  
Anil K. Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Shear Keys
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