E-mobility is a fast-developing field of electrical industry not only in in Hungary but in Europe and worldwide as well. Besides their environmental, social and economic benefits, electric cars offer further significant possibilities for distribution system operators, for example through the exploitation of controlled charging. This is a hot research topic, but uniform and well-tried solutions are still not available. Actors in electromobility are still forming, thus it is still not known which customer groups might be partners in controlled charging.Present paper enlists solutions offering more than traditional optimization processes based on solely one objective function. The five business solutions proposed here aim at matching electric cars with the present and future operation of DSOs. Two methods (Vehicle2Home and Night Rider) target individual customers, while the other three proposals (E-pump, plug&WORK, ENTERPRISeFLEET) are for fleets. A common framework is used to describe these methods here, and both potential customers and the advantages for DSOs are given. Out of the five solutions above, a detailed business model was developed for three concepts, specifying costs and expected incomes. Avoided costs were identified separately, which include all expenses that might be qualitatively or quantitatively influenced by charging of electric cars or controlled charging.
Business structure of electricity distribution system operator and effect on solar photovoltaic uptake: An empirical case study for Switzerland
