scholarly journals Gender and ethnic disparities in energy poverty: The case of South Africa

Energy Policy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 112755
Author(s):  
Saul Ngarava ◽  
Leocadia Zhou ◽  
Thulani Ningi ◽  
Martin M. Chari ◽  
Lwandiso Mdiya
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Energy Poverty

Addressing Energy Poverty Through Ecological Governance of Solar Home Systems in South Africa

2022 ◽  
pp. 253-276
Author(s):  
Edzisani Ellen Netshiozwi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
The Future ◽  
Ecological Governance ◽  
Home Systems

South Africa has long recognised the need to eliminate energy poverty, and significant progress has been made since 1996. With the recent global outcry about the use of sustainable and clean energy sources for human and ecological development, it has become essential for countries to upscale the use of non-grid electrification in order to effectively and sustainably eradicate energy poverty. South Africa implements different non-grid electrification programmes which focuses on ensuring universal access to clean energy by all, with one of these initiatives being the Solar Home Systems Programme. This study aims to contribute to academic discussion and knowledge about the role that solar home systems can play in bringing change on the current status of the energy poverty eradication initiatives which negatively affect the environment and the people. The study used a qualitative approach in assessing how the Solar Home Systems Programme contributes to energy poverty eradication and environmental preservation if managed in line with ecological governance principles. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 40 households in Limpopo and officials from government departments in the province as well as a service provider responsible for the roll-out and maintenance of solar home systems in Limpopo. Framed within the ecological economics theory which advocates for ecological and environmental solutions that take into consideration the future generation, the study established that the solar home systems can eradicate energy poverty and contribute to the protection of the environment if managed in line with ecological governance principles. The study further revealed that the Solar Home Systems Programme in South Africa failed due to lack of proper governance systems that provide solutions for the future as the programme was short-term focused and lacked proper ecological governance systems. In order for the solar home systems to contribute to energy poverty eradication and environmental protection, the study recommends a total overhaul of the programme which includes ensuring that the provision of SHSs is not viewed as a temporary measure that is only meant for poor rural households but a long-term and sustainable initiative.

scholarly journals Ethnic Disparities in Access to Care in Post-Apartheid South Africa

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 2272-2277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeida R. Kon ◽  
Nuha Lackan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Ethnic Disparities

Assessment of household energy poverty levels in Louiville, Mpumalanga, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalala L. Mgwambani ◽  
Kevin K. Kasangana ◽  
Tafadzwa Makonese ◽  
Daniel Masekameni ◽  
Mary Gulumian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Poverty Levels

Determinants of energy poverty in South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaakirah Ismail ◽  
Patrick Khembo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
National Income ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Expenditure Patterns ◽  
Regression Framework ◽  
Individual Household

This paper provides empirical evidence on the determinants of energy poverty in South African households using the National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS, 2012), while controlling for individual, household and demographic characteristics. This is formulated within a logistic regression framework, while defining energy poverty using the expenditure approach consistent with the definition by the Department of Energy (DoE) of South Africa. The model reveals that household expenditure patterns, race, education level, household and dwelling size, location of the household and access to electricity are important factors in explaining the state of energy in South African households. This paper also discusses limitations in defining energy poverty using the expenditure approach. Finally, some recommendations are made for regulators and policy makers.

scholarly journals The energy transition patterns of low-income households in South Africa: An evaluation of energy programme and policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Olawumi Israel-Akinbo ◽  
Jen Snowball ◽  
Gavin Fraser
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Energy Carriers ◽  
Marginal Effects ◽  
Electricity Access

The transition to modern energy carriers like electricity is an important way to achieve to eradicate energy poverty. This study investigated energy transition patterns and trends in low-income South African households. The marginal effects of the different determinants on the probability of choosing a specific energy carrier were computed and the influence of some endogenous characteristics in transitioning to modern energy carriers was explored. It was found that energy ladder behaviour exists for cooking while energy stacking was most likely for space heating and the pattern for lighting tended towards energy stacking. Dwelling type, household size and geographical location were among the key determinants of the energy transition pattern. Policies to reduce energy poverty need a multi-pronged approach and not only a focus on electricity access.

The Impact of Perceptions of Tribalism and Ethnicity on Public Administration in South Africa: A Case Study of the Vuwani in the Vhembe District

Politeia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mavhungu Elias Musitha ◽  
Mavhungu Abel Mafukata
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Vhembe District ◽  
The Impact

This study investigated the impact of perceptions of ethnicity and tribalism on public administration in South Africa with reference to the protests of Vuwani communities in 2016 against their area being re-demarcated to fall under the LIM 345 municipality (later named the Collins Chabane Local Municipality) dominated by Xitsonga speakers. The study adopted qualitative and exploration designs and used a literature review and key informant interviews in order to obtain secondary and primary data respectively. This study revealed that Vuwani communities feared domination by the Xitsonga-speaking majority in the proposed new municipality. The council of the proposed new municipality consisted of 72 councillors, 74 per cent of which were Xitsonga-speaking councillors and a mere 26 per cent were Tshivenda-speaking councillors. It also found that perceptions of ethnicity and tribalism in Vuwani had rendered public administration ineffective, thus bringing service delivery to a halt for several months. The study recommended that policy-makers should abolish majority representation based solely on regionalism and should seek to forge national unity. It concluded that the establishment of public institutions based on ethnic homogeneity had the potential of bringing about peace and stability in areas characterised by ethnic disparities.

Addressing Economic and Energy Poverty Through Locally Available Biomass Resources: Investigation of Issues Concerning India and South Africa

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Enweremadu ◽  
Debendra Baruah ◽  
Sadhan Mahapatra ◽  
Dipam Patowary ◽  
Gunajit Sarma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Energy Integration ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities

The cyclic effect of energy poverty and economic poverty has been conclusively evidenced primarily from the experiences of developing World. In the developing countries, struggle to meet the basic energy needs impacts the life of the poorer section in terms of cost of health, education and quality. However, considering the adequate biomass resources and sustainable technologies for conversion of surplus biomass into useful form of energy; integration of the surplus resources with appropriate technology offers opportunities to address both energy and economic poverty. In this study, feasibility of some proven options of bioenergy based energy technologies and enterprises are investigated to understand their prospects to address energy and economic hardship considering a case study from India and analyzed its replicability in South Africa. Resources inventories, avenues of additional income generation and long term impact of selected bioenergy enterprise options (biogas and producer gas and improved stove) are investigated in the context of both the countries. Organic fertilizer (vermicompost), mushroom and community based agro-industries are some of the prospective entrepreneurial activities which can be supported by the bioenergy options. Considering the abundance and characteristics, feasibility of converting surplus biomass resources (crop residue, manure, food waste) into required energy along with revenue earning avenues is indicated by the study. However, there are social and managerial issues which required to be addressed besides provisions for financial incentives to realize the benefits of such integrated systems.

scholarly journals Reducing energy poverty through carbon tax revenues in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Winkler
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Rooftop Solar

How much can poverty be reduced through carbon tax revenue? This study analyses specific programmes, with carbon taxes generating revenues and equivalent spending on programmes to reduce energy poverty. The twin challenges of development and climate change could be addressed in this way in South Africa. A simple spreadsheet model was used to estimate revenue available from a carbon tax, given different tax rates and emission projections. Four programmes to reduce energy poverty were quantified: electrification, extended free basic energy, scaling-up sustainable housing, and subsidising rooftop solar for poor households. Matching carbon revenue with equivalent expenditure, the study found that applying all carbon revenue to a single programme could fund the national budget for electrification. Hundreds of thousands, and up to tens of millions, of households could receive free energy in the form of 5 kg of liquefied petroleum gas every month, as well as better houses that are warmer in winter and with fewer health impacts from indoor air pollution. Carbon revenues could fund at least a few hundred thousand improved homes, or subsidies for at least 100 000 rooftop solar systems per year to poor households. Institutional and other constraints would have to be addressed. Carbon revenue could fully fund all four programmes combined into an integrated strategy, in three of the four scenarios. The results suggested that full funding could be available from 2019 or from 2025, dependent on carbon tax revenue scenario. Energy poverty can be reduced by expenditure of carbon tax revenues.

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