Socioeconomic conditions on poverty levels a case study: Central Java Province and Yogyakarta in 2016

This study aims to analyze how the influence of infrastructure availability, socioeconomic conditions, and the effect of location on poverty levels. The descriptive analysis is used to give a general description of poverty by using thematic charts and maps. The poverty map is analyzed by spatial autocorrelation of poverty levels by using a Moran Scatterplot and the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) Map. The results of the study indicate the existence of spatial linkages to poverty. The Increasing of other variables outside the model in neighboring regions will increase the level of poverty in a region. The infrastructures of road extension, clean water infrastructure, economic growth, quality of education, and health have a significant influence on the level of poverty, while the percentage of satisfactory sanitation did not demonstrate to affect the significant effect on poverty. The conclusion is that the level of poverty in the provinces of Central Java and Yogyakarta has an irregular distribution and a clustered spatial pattern.

Foreign Direct Investment and Poverty in Mexico

In this chapter, the authors want to analyze the regional imbalance of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Mexico and its relation with poverty levels for the 32 states that make up the country. The period studied covers from 1994 to 2020, taking as a temporary starting point the entry into force of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA); from the beginning of the 1980s until the beginning of the 1990s, FDI in Mexico maintained a tenuous growth, and from 1994, there was a considerable increase. Currently, developing countries, including Mexico, have positioned themselves as receiving entities of large flows of FDI. The research is based on an econometric scrutiny under the panel data methodology, which allows the authors to conclude that poverty is a factor that hinders a symmetrical distribution of FDI throughout the Mexican territory.

Theoretical analysis and relationship of government and private investment on economic growth and employment absorption

One of the goals to be achieved in developing public and private investment is to encourage economic growth and employment. Positive economic growth is needed because it means that it has driven faster economic growth and increased the absorption of Employment. This study aims to obtain an analysis of the theoretical relationship between government investment and private investment on economic growth and employment, especially in South Kalimantan Province as the object of research. South Kalimantan Province is one of the regions in Indonesia which has a large potential for natural resources. The method used in this research is to use Path Analysis and analysis of theoretical findings based on in-depth analysis of various literature studies and observations which are expected to prove that government investment and private investment affect employment and economic growth which in turn can affect poverty levels. . The results of the study are expected to obtain important theoretical findings that can contribute to the formulation of government policies.

Analysis of Effects of Economic Growth, Human Development Index, Population, Unemployment and Investment on Poverty Levels in the North Sumatra Province

The research aims to examine and analyze effects of economic growth, human development index (HDI), population, unemployment, and investment on poverty levels in the North Sumatra Province. The research uses quantitative data type, while the data source is obtained from secondary data in the quarterly form of 2010-2019. The data are analyzed with the model of Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) analysis. The results of ARDL analysis of economic growth variables and HDI have negative and significant effects on poverty levels in the short term and long term. Unemployment variable has a significant positive effect on poverty levels in the short term however insignificant in the long term and investment variable has an insignificant positive effect on the poverty level in the short and long term. Keywords: Economic Growth, HDI, Population, Unemployment, Investment, Poverty.

Dampak Pengeluaran Pemerintah Sektor Pendidikan, Kesehatan, Dan Infrastruktur

This research aims to find out the impact of government spending in the education, health and infrastructure sectors on inequality and poverty levels in Indonesia during the period 2014-2018. The study used secondary data and used an estimate of panel data with the Eviews 11 statistical application. The data used is government expenditure taken from APBD, gini ratio rate and percentage of poor people in 122 districts / cities. The results showed that government spending in the health and infrastructure sector has not had an impact on district / city inequality in Indonesia. Only government expenditure in the education sector has an impact on district/city inequality in Indonesia. Similarly, government spending in the education, health and infrastructure sectors has not had an impact on poverty in Indonesia

Poverty and tourism decision-making: a chaordic perspective

Purpose The influence of destinations’ poverty on tourism decision-making and, more precisely, destination selection has received scant attention despite the increasing importance of poverty. The purpose of this study is to examine the combination of factors influencing tourists’ destination selection in relation to developed destinations’ rising poverty levels through the adoption of complexity theory. Design/methodology/approach This study used fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to examine the combinations of factors that are significant in influencing destination selection whereas necessary condition analysis was used complementarily to evaluate the size effect of the examined conditions. Moreover, semi-structured interviews with industry stakeholders were performed to examine the relationships that describe the generated configurations. Findings In total, four solutions were generated: the cultural influence and poverty, the destination aspects, the poverty issues and the travel experience and poverty while qualitative data reveal that industry policymakers and practitioners hold different perceptions of tourists’ destination selection process. Research limitations/implications Study results show that poverty perceptions influence destination selection. Hence, poverty must be considered in travel behaviour investigations beyond the developing destination context, whereas destinations may select either one or a combination of the generated sufficient configurations when deciding on their tourism development plans. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study examining the effects of developed destinations’ increasing poverty levels on tourism decision-making and specifically on destination selection.

Dampak Alokasi Anggaran Dana Desa (DD) Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Di Indonesia

This study aims to examine the impact of village budget allocations on poverty levels in Indonesia. By using case studies as the basis for research, literature studies as the basis for collecting data, and using the main references from previous studies related to the impact of village funds and poverty. The data used in this study is secondary data from 2015-2019 which includes APBN data (balancing funds), Village Fund Allocation (DD), and poverty data. The data analysis used is descriptive qualitative, which aims to explain the facts by using comparison and trend analysis (tables and graphs), used to analyze the relationship between village allocation funds and poverty. The results showed that the Village Fund Allocation (ADD) disbursed by the central government was 259.2 trillion in a period of 5 years (2015-2019) only reducing the poverty rate by 1.72%. In addition, the village funds disbursed did not have a significant impact. The allocation of such a large Village Fund (ADD) should be able to significantly reduce the poverty rate, which is not seen in the research that has been done.

Judicial Enforcement of Children’s Socio-Economic Rights: Possible Effects on Child Poverty in New Zealand

<p>This paper explores the idea of judicially enforceable socio-economic rights for children in New Zealand. Child poverty is an issue that has received increasing attention in New Zealand in recent years, and judicial enforcement of socio-economic rights for children is one way in which children’s socio-economic rights might be better realised. This paper identifies New Zealand’s international obligations towards children and draws on the work of children’s rights theorists. It argues that children are a unique category of rights-holders, and that this justifies prioritisation of judicial enforcement of their socio-economic rights. It explores the different ways in which courts have approached socio-economic rights enforcement, and makes a proposal as to how this might work in New Zealand. It concludes that the effect of judicial enforcement of children’s socio-economic rights on child poverty levels in New Zealand will depend on the type of remedy the courts choose to implement.</p>

Judicial Enforcement of Children’s Socio-Economic Rights: Possible Effects on Child Poverty in New Zealand

<p>This paper explores the idea of judicially enforceable socio-economic rights for children in New Zealand. Child poverty is an issue that has received increasing attention in New Zealand in recent years, and judicial enforcement of socio-economic rights for children is one way in which children’s socio-economic rights might be better realised. This paper identifies New Zealand’s international obligations towards children and draws on the work of children’s rights theorists. It argues that children are a unique category of rights-holders, and that this justifies prioritisation of judicial enforcement of their socio-economic rights. It explores the different ways in which courts have approached socio-economic rights enforcement, and makes a proposal as to how this might work in New Zealand. It concludes that the effect of judicial enforcement of children’s socio-economic rights on child poverty levels in New Zealand will depend on the type of remedy the courts choose to implement.</p>

SHADOW ECONOMY AND CORRUPTION IN THE BALKANS – IS THERE A CONNECTION AND WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

Economies in the Balkans are lagging behind more advanced countries in Europe in their economic development. In some sense that could be a result of the high share of the shadow economy in those countries. Research points out several causes of shadow activities such as low tax morale, high levels of unemployment, weak business environment and very high poverty levels, lack of trust in the state and the public institutions, high perceptions of corruption and also the high taxation levels. This issue affects directly the economy as well as indirectly the whole society. This paper aims to find a positive link between the volumes of the shadow economy and corruption in eight Balkan economies: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo and North Macedonia and Bulgaria.