Synoptic approach to evaluate the effect of temperature on pediatric respiratory disease-related hospitalization in Seoul, Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 108650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayeun Kim ◽  
Jin Yong Lee
Author(s):  
P. R. Swann ◽  
W. R. Duff ◽  
R. M. Fisher

Recently we have investigated the phase equilibria and antiphase domain structures of Fe-Al alloys containing from 18 to 50 at.% Al by transmission electron microscopy and Mössbauer techniques. This study has revealed that none of the published phase diagrams are correct, although the one proposed by Rimlinger agrees most closely with our results to be published separately. In this paper observations by transmission electron microscopy relating to the nucleation of disorder in Fe-24% Al will be described. Figure 1 shows the structure after heating this alloy to 776.6°C and quenching. The white areas are B2 micro-domains corresponding to regions of disorder which form at the annealing temperature and re-order during the quench. By examining specimens heated in a temperature gradient of 2°C/cm it is possible to determine the effect of temperature on the disordering reaction very precisely. It was found that disorder begins at existing antiphase domain boundaries but that at a slightly higher temperature (1°C) it also occurs by homogeneous nucleation within the domains. A small (∼ .01°C) further increase in temperature caused these micro-domains to completely fill the specimen.


Author(s):  
T. Geipel ◽  
W. Mader ◽  
P. Pirouz

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).


2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
MIRIAM E. TUCKER
Keyword(s):  

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 267-274
Author(s):  
Judith A. Schneider Spence ◽  
Andreas J. Bircher ◽  
Kathrin Scherer Hofmeier

Während eine allergologische Abklärung im Work-Up eines Asthma bronchiale inbegriffen sein sollte, wird die chronisch obstruktive Pneumopathie nicht spontan mit einer atopischen Diathese in Zusammenhang gebracht. Anamnese, Klinik, das Vorhandensein weiterer atopischer Krankheiten sowie Prickteste und die serologische Messung von spezifischen IgE-Antikörpern geben Hinweise auf eine allergische Genese einer akuten oder chronischen Lungenkrankheit. Der Stickoxidwert in der Ausatemluft (FeNO-Messung) kann durch die Infiltration von Eosinophilen in die Bronchialwand beim allergischen Phänotyp des Asthma bronchiale erhöht sein (TH2-gewichteter Phänotyp). Eine Abhängigkeit der Beschwerden vom Arbeitsplatz muss evaluiert werden. Neben dem allergischen Typ des Asthma bronchiale soll auch an eine Aspirin-exacerbated-respiratory disease (AERD) gedacht werden. Aufgrund der überlappenden pathophysiologischen Grundlagen und der Symptomatik zwischen Asthma bronchiale und der chronisch obstruktiven Pneumopathie ist die Zuweisung zum Allergologen allenfalls auch bei einem COPD-Patienten indiziert.


1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Delvallee ◽  
Annie Paffen ◽  
Geert-Jan De Klerk

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