The Role of Maladaptive Psychological Strategies in the Association between Shame and Psychological Quality of Life

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S86-S86 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ferreira ◽  
A.L. Mendes ◽  
J. Marta-Simões
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Cognitive Fusion ◽  
External Shame ◽  
Model Fit Indices ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Psychological Quality Of Life

Shame experiences have been highly associated with the engagement in maladaptive strategies (such as experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion) to cope with unwanted thoughts and feelings. Furthermore, these maladaptive processes have been linked to different psychopathological conditions.The current study aimed to test the mediational effect of two different emotional regulation processes, cognitive fusion (i.e., the entanglement with unwanted inner events) and experiential avoidance (i.e., the unwillingness to be in contact with these inner experiences and the tendency to avoid and control them), on the association between external shame and psychological quality of life.Participants were 421 (131 males and 290 females), aged between 18 and 34 years old.The tested path model explained 40% of the variance of psychological quality of life and showed excellent model fit indices. Results demonstrated that external shame presented a significant direct effect on psychological quality of life and, in turn, an indirect effect, through the mechanisms of cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance. In fact, these findings seem to suggest that higher levels of external shame are linked to a higher tendency to engage in cognitive fusion and to lower acceptance abilities, which appear to explain decreased levels of psychological quality of life.The present findings seem to offer significant clinical implications, emphasizing the importance of targeting maladaptive emotion strategies through the development of acceptance and decentering abilities.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Experiential avoidance, committed action and quality of life: Differences between college students with and without chronic illness

2019 ◽  
pp. 135910531986016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Coutinho ◽  
Inês A Trindade ◽  
Cláudia Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
College Students ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Psychological Quality Of Life

This study aimed to explore, through structural equation modelling, experiential avoidance and committed action’s effects on the association between anxiety and psychological quality of life and whether this relationship presents significant differences across a sample of 115 college students with chronic illness and a sample of 232 students without illness. Students with chronic illness presented higher levels of anxiety and experiential avoidance and lower levels of quality of life. The association between anxiety and psychological quality of life was partially explained by experiential avoidance and committed action. This path model was shown to be invariant between the two groups of students.

The Impact of Early Affiliative Memories on Psychological Health: The Mediator Role of External Shame and Cognitive Fusion

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S518-S518
Author(s):  
C. Ferreira ◽  
A.L. Mendes ◽  
J. Marta-Simões ◽  
I.A. Trindade
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Cognitive Fusion ◽  
External Shame ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Early Affiliative Memories ◽  
Psychological Quality Of Life

Early positive interactions have been positively associated with positive mental health outcomes. In contrast, the lack of these early affiliative experiences of warmth and safeness can have negative consequences on the individual's physical, emotional and social development.The current study tests a mediation model that examines the mediator effect of external shame and cognitive fusion on the association between early affiliative memories with attachment figures and with peers, and psychological quality of life. These analyses were conducted using a sample of 453 participants from the community.The final model explained 47% of psychological quality of life and presented excellent model fit indices. Results from path analysis showed that both early affiliative memories of warmth and safeness with peers and attachment figures present a significant impact on psychological quality of life through the indirect effect of external shame and cognitive fusion. In fact, although early affiliative memories with peers also presented a direct effect on psychological quality of life, the impact of early affiliative memories with attachment figures on this outcome was totally mediated through the mechanisms of external shame and cognitive fusion.These findings seem to provide an important contribution to the field of early affiliative memories of warmth and safeness with attachment figures and with peers by uncovering the mediating role of external shame and cognitive fusion. Furthermore, these data highlighted the relevance of developing intervention programs in the community, especially in a context of early adverse experiences, for the promotion of mental health well-being.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Decentering and avoidance: Mechanisms between external shame and depression symptomatology

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S157-S157
Author(s):  
C. Ferreira ◽  
A.L. Mendes ◽  
J. Marta-Simões ◽  
I.A. Trindade
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
External Shame ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
Model Fit Indices ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

It is widely accepted that shame plays a significant role in the development and maintenance psychopathology, namely depressive symptoms. In fact, the experience of shame is highly associated with the adoption of maladaptive strategies to cope with negative feelings, such as experiential avoidance (i.e., the unavailability to accept one's private experiences), and the inability of decenter oneself from unwanted internal events. The present study aims to explore a mediation model that examines whether external shame's effect on depressive symptomatology is mediated through the mechanisms of decentering and experimental avoidance, while controlling for age. Participants were 358 adults of both genders from the general population that completed a battery of self-report scales measuring external shame, decentering, experimental avoidance and depression. The final model explained 33% of depression and revealed excellent model fit indices. Results showed that external shame has a direct effect on depressive symptomatology and simultaneously an indirect effect mediated by the mechanisms of decentering and experiential avoidance. These data seem to support the association between shame and depressive symptomatology. Nevertheless, these findings add to literature by suggesting that when the individual presents higher levels of shame he or she may present lower decentering abilities and tends to engage in experiential avoidance, which amplify the impact of external shame and depression. Furthermore, our findings seem to have important clinical implications, stressing the importance of developing intervention programs in the community that target shame and experimental avoidance and that promote adaptive emotion regulation strategies (e.g., decentering) to deal with adverse experiences.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Inflammatory bowel disease: The harmful mechanism of experiential avoidance for patients’ quality of life

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 2882-2892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês A Trindade ◽  
Cláudia Ferreira ◽  
José Pinto-Gouveia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Psychological Quality Of Life

This study aimed to test the effects of inflammatory bowel disease symptomatology and associated medical complications on physical and psychological quality of life and to explore whether these relationships are mediated by experiential avoidance. A total of 200 inflammatory bowel disease patients reported demographic and medical data and completed self-report instruments. Results revealed that the tested model presented an excellent fit, explaining 51 per cent of physical quality of life and 53 per cent of psychological quality of life. Inflammatory bowel disease–associated complications directly impacted on physical quality of life, and experiential avoidance significantly mediated the relationships between inflammatory bowel disease symptomatology and physical and psychological quality of life. These results highlight the importance of implementing psychological interventions for inflammatory bowel disease patients.

Aripiprazole once-monthly efficacy in patients with schizophrenia. Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S582-S582
Author(s):  
M.F. Molina López ◽  
M.C. Cancino Botello ◽  
A. Peña Serrano ◽  
M.D.L.A. Canseco Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Emotional Interaction ◽  
Medication Delivery ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Long Acting

Introductionlong acting injectable formulations of antipsychotics are a valuable option for patients with schizophrenia, offering continuous medication delivery and stable dosage levels. Aripiprazole once-monthly is the first dopamine partial agonist available in long acting formulation approved in Europe for Schizophrenia with excellent results so far.Aimsto conduct a current review of articles related to the use and efficacy of Aripiprazole once monthly in patients with Schizophrenia.Methodssystematic review of the literature in English using the following keywords: “aripiprazole once-monthly”, “aripiprazole long acting formulation”, “schizophrenia”. PubMed database.ResultsAripiprazole once-monthly (AOM) formulation efficacy has been proven in many studies. The importance of maintaining an oral overlap during 14 days is highlighted in all studies that have been reviewed in order to reach therapeutic level; therefore, it can be used in patients with acute decompensations. Recent studies comparing AOM versus Paliperidone Palmitate once monthly (PP) have shown that patients with AOM had greater clinical improvement and, even though both drugs were well tolerated, when Quality of Life Style Scale was analyzed an important improvement in empathy, sense of purpose, emotional interaction and curiosity in the AOM group was observed.Conclusionslong acting injectable antipsychotics increase long-term adherence treatment and reduce risk of relapse. Because of its unique mechanism of action, Aripiprazole once-monthly improves positive and negative symptoms, giving the patient an opportunity to have a better quality of life.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT) in Social Anxiety Disorder: Application of a Longitudinal Method for Evaluation of Mediation Role of Acceptance, Cognitive Fusion and Values

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmail Soltani ◽  
◽  
Seyed Abdolmajid Bahrainian ◽  
Ali Farhoudian ◽  
Abbas Masjedi Arani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Negative Evaluation ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Cognitive Fusion

Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of ACT on symptom severity, fear about negative evaluation, quality of life and mediation role of acceptance, cognitive fusion and value among patients with Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). Methods: Thirty patients diagnosed with SAD were randomized in the intervention (n=15) or waiting list groups (n=15). The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI), Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNE), WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL), Social Anxiety - Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (SA-AAQ), Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ) and Valued Living Questionnaire (VLQ) were administered before, immediately after, and at one month follow up. Repeated measurement design was used in the intervention group to investigate the changes of mediation and outcomes variables in the pretest, during, and post- therapy. Twenty-four patients completed the study. One-way analysis of covariance, Multivariate analysis of covariance and repeated measures was used for analysis. Results: Results showed that there were differences between the intervention and waiting list groups on the severity of symptoms (p=0.001), fear of negative evaluation (p=0.002), and quality of life (p=0.03), as well as in terms of specific measures of SA-AAQ(p=0.001), cognitive fusion (p=0.001), and important section of VLQ(p=0.001). Repeated measurement result showed that acceptance and action of social anxiety and cognitive fusion had a mediating role in the severity of anxiety, fear about negative evaluation, and quality of life. Discussion: Results of the study indicate the effectiveness of ACT for SAD and highlighted mediator contribution acceptance and action and cognitive fusion in severity of social anxiety.

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