Impaired pulse pressure amplification, augmentation index, and arterial stiffness are associated with reduced limb lean mass in overweight and obese postmenopausal women

2021 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 111194
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Fischer ◽  
Alexei Wong ◽  
Arun Maharaj ◽  
Salvador J. Jaime ◽  
Arturo Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Pressure Amplification

scholarly journals Lower Leg Lean Mass Is Associated With Reduced Pulse Pressure Amplification In Postmenopausal Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Fischer ◽  
Arun Maharaj ◽  
Salvador J. Jaime ◽  
Arturo Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Pressure Amplification

scholarly journals Assessment of variations in arterial tone during different phases of menstrual cycle

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1810
Author(s):  
E. Umapathy ◽  
S. T. Muthiraparampil ◽  
A. Namugowa
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
African Women ◽  
Pressure Amplification ◽  
Student Volunteers ◽  
Arterial Tone

Background: Arterial tone parameters in young African women during the different phases of menstrual cycle were assessed in the present study.Methods: Out of the 30 student volunteers who participated in the study, only 15 completed the study. Anthropometric data using stadiometer, blood pressure using automated oscillometric pressure gauge were measured. Arterial stiffness parameters at the radial and ECG gated carotid and femoral arteries using sphygmocor tonometry was mesured in two consecutive menstrual cycles at early follicular, ovulation and luteal phase. Estrogen and progesterone concentrations were analyzed using Elisa kits in all three phases.Results: Estrogen level in ovulation phase and progesterone in luteal phase were higher. Peripheral augmentation index in ovulation phase was higher compared to luteal phase. Pulse pressure amplification value at follicular and luteal phases was higher than in ovulation phase. Pulse wave velocity and pulse pressure amplification was negatively correlated to progesterone in follicular phase. The arterial stiffness increased at ovulation and decreased in follicular and luteal phases of menstrual cycle.Conclusions: No significant correlation between arterial stiffness parameters and ovarian hormones was found.

Abstract MP100: Arterial Stiffness and Pressure Amplification Associated with Markers of Cerebral Microvascular Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS)

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Palta ◽  
Jingkai Wei ◽  
Michelle Meyer ◽  
Melinda C Power ◽  
Jennifer A Deal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Arterial Stiffening ◽  
Lacunar Infarcts ◽  
Pressure Amplification

Introduction: Small vessel disease is associated with decreased cognitive function, possibly differential by race. Age-related central arterial stiffening increases pulsatility resulting in hypoperfusion, microvascular damage and remodeling in the brain, potentially impairing cognition. We examined if arterial stiffness and pressure amplification are associated with lacunar infarcts and greater volumes of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in a sample of Caucasian and African American (AA) older adults. Methods: We analyzed a cross-sectional sample of ARIC participants aged 67-90 years (n=1486) from visit 5 (2011-2013), with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The Omron VP-1000 Plus was used to measure aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV]) and pressure amplification measures (pulse pressure amplification [PPA], central pulse pressure [cPP], and estimated central systolic blood pressure [cSBP]). Aortic stiffness and pressure amplification were dichotomized at race-specific 25th percentile cut points. Brain MRI using 3D-1.5T equipment quantified the presence of lacunar infarcts and volumes of WMH following a standardized protocol. Logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, education, ApoE4, heart rate, smoking and body mass index, was used to quantify the odds of lacunar infarcts in participants with high vs. low cfPWV, cPP, cSBP, and low vs. high PPA. Linear regression models, additionally adjusted for intracranial volume, estimated the difference in log-transformed volumes of WMH among participants with high vs. low cfPWV, cPP, cSBP, and low vs. high PPA. Probability sampling weights for an MRI were included to allow for generalizability to the full visit 5 cohort. Results: Among the 1486 participants with a brain MRI (mean age: 76, 41% male, 26% AA), measures of aortic stiffness and pressure amplification were associated with lacunar infarcts in Caucasians, but not in AAs. Caucasian participants with a high cfPWV had greater odds of lacunar infarcts (Odds Ratio [OR] =2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23, 2.20). Caucasians with high cSBP had higher odds of lacunar infarcts (OR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.69). In Caucasians, high cfPWV was associated with a 21% (95% CI: 6, 38) greater volume of WMH as compared to a low cfPWV; high cSBP was associated with a 28% (95% CI: 14, 45) greater volume of WMH compared to a low cSBP. In AAs, high cfPWV was associated with a 32% (95% CI: 7, 62) greater volume of WMH as compared to low cfPWV. Cerebral microvascular imaging markers did not differ quantitatively with measures of PPA and cPP. Conclusions: Central arterial stiffening and pressure amplification are plausible microvascular contributors to cognitive aging, providing new information on modifiable pathways for previously observed associations between cardiovascular disease risk factors and the rates of cognitive decline and dementia among older adults.

scholarly journals Residential Proximity to Greenness Mitigates the Hemodynamic Effects of Ambient Air Pollution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Riggs ◽  
Ray Yeager ◽  
Daniel J. Conklin ◽  
Natasha DeJarnett ◽  
Rachel J Keith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Residential Proximity ◽  
Augmentation Pressure

Background: Residential proximity to greenness is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. However, it is unclear whether the beneficial effects of greenness are linked to a reduction in the effects of ambient air pollutants. Methods and Results: We measured arterial stiffness in 73 participants with moderate to high CVD risk. Average levels of ambient PM2.5 and ozone were calculated from local monitoring stations. Residential greenness was estimated using satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for a 200m and 1km radius around each participant's home. Participants were 51% female; average age of 52 years; and, 79% had diagnosed hypertension. In multiple linear regression models, residential NDVI was negatively associated with augmentation index (-3.8% per 0.1 NDVI). Ambient levels of PM2.5 (per interquartile range (IQR) of 6.9 μg/m3) were positively associated with augmentation pressure (3.1 mmHg), pulse pressure (5.9 mmHg), and aortic systolic pressure (8.1 mmHg). Ozone (per IQR of 0.03 ppm) was positively associated with augmentation index (5.5%), augmentation pressure (3.1 mmHg), and aortic systolic pressure (10 mmHg). In areas of low greenness, both PM2.5 and ozone were positively associated with pulse pressure. Additionally, ozone was positively associated with augmentation pressure and systolic blood pressure. However, in areas of high greenness, there was no significant association between indices of arterial stiffness with either PM2.5 or ozone.Conclusions: Residential proximity to greenness is associated with lower values of arterial stiffness. Residential greenness may mitigate the adverse effects of PM2.5 and ozone on arterial stiffness.

scholarly journals Effects of pacing modality on noninvasive assessment of heart rate dependency of indices of large artery function

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Tan ◽  
Hosen Kiat ◽  
Edward Barin ◽  
Mark Butlin ◽  
Alberto P. Avolio
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Wave Reflection ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Rate Dependency ◽  
Wave Reflections

Studies investigating the relationship between heart rate (HR) and arterial stiffness or wave reflections have commonly induced HR changes through in situ cardiac pacing. Although pacing produces consistent HR changes, hemodynamics can be different with different pacing modalities. Whether the differences affect the HR relationship with arterial stiffness or wave reflections is unknown. In the present study, 48 subjects [mean age, 78 ± 10 (SD), 9 women] with in situ cardiac pacemakers were paced at 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 beats per min under atrial, atrioventricular, or ventricular pacing. At each paced HR, brachial cuff-based pulse wave analysis was used to determine central hemodynamic parameters, including ejection duration (ED) and augmentation index (AIx). Wave separation analysis was used to determine wave reflection magnitude (RM) and reflection index (RI). Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Pacing modality was found to have significant effects on the HR relationship with ED ( P = 0.01), central aortic pulse pressure ( P = 0.01), augmentation pressure ( P < 0.0001), and magnitudes of both forward and reflected waves ( P = 0.05 and P = 0.003, respectively), but not cfPWV ( P = 0.57) or AIx ( P = 0.38). However, at a fixed HR, significant differences in pulse pressure amplification ( P < 0.001), AIx ( P < 0.0001), RM ( P = 0.03), and RI ( P = 0.03) were observed with different pacing modalities. These results demonstrate that although the HR relationships with arterial stiffness and systolic loading as measured by cfPWV and AIx were unaffected by pacing modality, it should still be taken into account for studies in which mixed pacing modalities are present, in particular, for wave reflection studies.

Volume status and arterial blood pressures are associated with arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 378-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Erdan ◽  
Abdullah Ozkok ◽  
Nadir Alpay ◽  
Vakur Akkaya ◽  
Alaattin Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure

Background: Arterial stiffness is a strong predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate possible relations of arterial stiffness with volume status determined by bioimpedance analysis and aortic blood pressure parameters. Also, effects of a single hemodialysis session on these parameters were studied. Methods: A total of 75 hemodialysis patients (M/F: 43/32; mean age: 53 ± 17) were enrolled. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and aortic pulse pressure were measured by applanation tonometry before and after hemodialysis. Extracellular fluid and total body fluid volumes were determined by bioimpedance analysis. Results: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (9.30 ± 3.30 vs 7.59 ± 2.66 m/s, p < 0.001), augmentation index (24.52 ± 9.42 vs 20.28 ± 10.19, p < 0.001), and aortic pulse pressure (38 ± 14 vs 29 ± 8 mmHg, p < 0.001) significantly decreased after hemodialysis. Pre-dialysis carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was associated with age (r2 = 0.15, p = 0.01), total cholesterol (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.02), peripheral mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.10, p = 0.005), aortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.02), aortic pulse pressure (r2 = 0.14, p = 0.001), and extracellular fluid/total body fluid (r2 = 0.30, p < 0.0001). Pre-dialysis augmentation index was associated with total cholesterol (r2 = 0.06, p = 0,02), aortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.16, p < 0.001), and aortic pulse pressure (r2 = 0.22, p < 0.001). Δcarotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was associated with Δaortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.02) and inversely correlated with baseline carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (r2 = 0.29, p < 0.001). Pre-dialysis Δaugmentation index was significantly associated with Δaortic-mean blood pressure (r2 = 0.09, p = 0.009) and Δaortic pulse pressure (r2 = 0.06, p = 0.03) and inversely associated with baseline augmentation index (r2 = 0.14, p = 0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis (adjusted R2 = 0.46, p < 0.001) to determine the factors predicting Log carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, extracellular fluid/total body fluid and peripheral mean blood pressure significantly predicted Log carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (p = 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). Conclusion: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and aortic pulse pressure significantly decreased after hemodialysis. Arterial stiffness was associated with both peripheral and aortic blood pressure. Furthermore, reduction in arterial stiffness parameters was related to reduction in aortic blood pressure. Pre-dialysis carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was associated with volume status determined by bioimpedance analysis. Volume control may improve not only the aortic blood pressure measurements but also arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients.

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