Influence of tibialis posterior muscle activation on foot anatomy under axial loading: A biomechanical CT human cadaveric study

Background: Different treatment options exist for dynamically unstable purely ligamentous syndesmotic injury, including surgery, walking boot, brace and taping. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of high-ankle sprain taping (ring taping) on syndesmotic stability in various ligament conditions when axial loading is applied. Methods: This controlled cadaveric laboratory study included ten cadaveric specimens installed in a custom-made device applying 750N of axial loading in order to simulate weight-bearing. Sectioning of syndesmotic ligaments, AiTFL and IOL, was done sequentially and CT scan images were taken with and without high-ankle sprain taping. A validated measurement system consisting of 3 lengths and 1 angle was used. Results were compared with Wilcoxon tests for paired samples and non-parametric data. Results: In every ligament condition (intact vs. cut), no statistically significant difference was observed between specimens, with or without high-ankle sprain taping and with or without axial loading. When the data from ankles with AiTFL and IOL ruptures were compared, the mean for length “b” without axial loading was 7.19 (±2.17), compared to 7.20 (±1.98) with axial loading (p-value = 0.905). With taping and the leg still in axial loading, the value was 7.17 (±2.09) (p-value = 0.721), which is not statistically significant. Conclusion: It is impossible to conclude regarding high-ankle sprain taping’s capacity to maintain syndesmosis congruity because no significant difference was observed, regardless of condition. The most important finding is that high-ankle sprain taping did not cause malreduction of the injured syndesmosis. Level of Evidence: Level V cadaveric study

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Effect of rotator cuff muscle activation on glenohumeral kinematics: A cadaveric study

Journal of Biomechanics ◽

10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109798 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. 109798

Author(s):

Patrick M. Williamson ◽

Philip Hanna ◽

Kaveh Momenzadeh ◽

Aron Lechtig ◽

Stephen Okajima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rotator Cuff ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Cadaveric Study ◽

Rotator Cuff Muscle

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MRI EVALUATION OF MUSCLE ACTIVATION ASSOCIATED WITH THREE TIBIALIS POSTERIOR EXERCISES.

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1097/00005768-200305001-01532 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. S276

Author(s):

M L. Sperry ◽

J M. Burnfield ◽

S M. Requejo ◽

S F. Reischl ◽

D B. Thordarson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Activation ◽

Tibialis Posterior ◽

Mri Evaluation

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Effects of a 4-Week Short-Foot Exercise Program on Gait Characteristics in Patients With Stage II Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2019-0211 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 120-128

Author(s):

Jinah Kim ◽

Sung Cheol Lee ◽

Youngmin Chun ◽

Hyung-Pil Jun ◽

Jeffrey G. Seegmiller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ankle Joint ◽

Tibialis Anterior ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Stage Ii ◽

Tibialis Posterior ◽

Posterior Tibial Tendon ◽

Foot Deformity ◽

Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction ◽

Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽

Posterior Tibial

Context: Clinically, it has been suggested that increased activation of intrinsic foot muscles may alter the demand of extrinsic muscle activity surrounding the ankle joint in patients with stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. However, there is limited empirical evidence supporting this notion. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 4-week short-foot exercise (SFE) on biomechanical factors in patients with stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Design: Single-group pretest–posttest. Setting: University laboratory. Participants: Fifteen subjects (8 males and 7 females) with stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction who had pain in posterior tibial tendon, pronated foot deformity (foot posture index ≥+6), and flexible foot deformity (navicular drop ≥10 mm) were voluntarily recruited. Intervention: All subjects completed a 4-week SFE program (15 repetitions × 5 sets/d and 3 d/wk) of 4 stages (standing with feedback, sitting, double-leg, and one-leg standing position). Main Outcome Measures: Ankle joint kinematics and kinetics and tibialis anterior and fibularis longus muscle activation (% maximum voluntary isometric contraction) during gait were measured before and after SFE program. Cohen d effect size (ES [95% confidence intervals]) was calculated. Results: During the first rocker, tibialis anterior activation decreased at peak plantarflexion (ES = 0.75 [0.01 to 1.49]) and inversion (ES = 0.77 [0.03 to 1.51]) angle. During the second rocker, peak dorsiflexion angle (ES = 0.77 [0.03 to 1.51]) and tibialis anterior activation at peak eversion (ES = 1.57 [0.76 to 2.39]) reduced. During the third rocker, the peak abduction angle (ES = 0.80 [0.06 to 1.54]) and tibialis anterior and fibularis longus activation at peak plantarflexion (ES = 1.34 [0.54 to 2.13]; ES = 1.99 [1.11 to 2.86]) and abduction (ES = 1.29 [0.50 to 2.08]; ES = 1.67 [0.84 to 2.50]) decreased. Conclusions: Our 4-week SFE program may have positive effects on changing muscle activation patterns for tibialis anterior and fibularis longus muscles, although it could not influence their structural deformity and ankle joint moment. It could produce a potential benefit of decreased tibialis posterior activation.

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A systematic review of the effect of footwear, foot orthoses and taping on lower limb muscle activity during walking and running

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364619870666 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 576-596 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joanna Reeves ◽

Richard Jones ◽

Anmin Liu ◽

Leah Bent ◽

Emma Plater ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lower Limb ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Frontal Plane ◽

Triceps Surae ◽

Tibialis Posterior ◽

Foot Orthoses ◽

Lower Limb Muscle ◽

Limb Muscle ◽

Therapeutic Benefits

Background: External devices are used to manage musculoskeletal pathologies by altering loading of the foot, which could result in altered muscle activity that could have therapeutic benefits. Objectives: To establish if evidence exists that footwear, foot orthoses and taping alter lower limb muscle activity during walking and running. Study design: Systematic literature review. Methods: CINAHL, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science databases were searched. Quality assessment was performed using guidelines for assessing healthcare interventions and electromyography methodology. Results: Thirty-one studies were included: 22 related to footwear, eight foot orthoses and one taping. In walking, (1) rocker footwear apparently decreases tibialis anterior activity and increases triceps surae activity, (2) orthoses could decrease activity of tibialis posterior and increase activity of peroneus longus and (3) other footwear and taping effects are unclear. Conclusion: Modifications in shoe or orthosis design in the sagittal or frontal plane can alter activation in walking of muscles acting primarily in these planes. Adequately powered research with kinematic and kinetic data is needed to explain the presence/absence of changes in muscle activation with external devices. Clinical relevance This review provides some evidence that foot orthoses can reduce tibialis posterior activity, potentially benefitting specific musculoskeletal pathologies.

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How to harvest the greatest length of tibialis posterior tendon for tendon transfer: A cadaveric study

Clinical Anatomy ◽

10.1002/ca.22958 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (8) ◽

pp. 1083-1086 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Korakot Thamphongsri ◽

Thos Harnroongroj ◽

Atthakorn Jarusriwanna ◽

Bavornrit Chuckpaiwong

Keyword(s):

Tendon Transfer ◽

Cadaveric Study ◽

Tibialis Posterior ◽

Tibialis Posterior Tendon

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Frontal plane ankle stiffness increases with axial load independent of muscle activity

10.1101/2021.12.06.471410 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zoe Villamar ◽

Eric J. Perreault ◽

Daniel Ludvig

Keyword(s):

Muscle Activity ◽

Axial Load ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Ankle Instability ◽

Axial Loading ◽

Frontal Plane ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Ankle Sprains ◽

Ankle Stability ◽

Ankle Stiffness

ABSTRACTAnkle sprains are the most common musculoskeletal injury, typically resulting from excessive inversion of the ankle. One way to prevent excessive inversion and maintain ankle stability is to generate a stiffness that is sufficient to resist externally imposed rotations. Frontal-plane ankle stiffness increases as participants place more weight on their ankle, but whether this effect is due to muscle activation or axial loading of the ankle is unknown. Identifying whether and to what extent axial loading affects ankle stiffness is important in understanding what role the passive mechanics of the ankle joint play in maintaining its stability. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of passive axial load on frontal-plane ankle stiffness. We had subjects seated in a chair as an axial load was applied to the ankle ranging from 10% to 50% body weight. Small rotational perturbations were applied to the ankle in the frontal plane to estimate stiffness. We found a significant, linear, 3-fold increase in ankle stiffness with axial load from the range of 0% bodyweight to 50% bodyweight. This increase could not be due to muscle activity as we observed no significant axial-load-dependent change in any of the recorded muscle activations. These results demonstrate that axial loading is a significant contributor to maintaining frontal-plane ankle stability, and that disruptions to the mechanism mediating this sensitivity of stiffness to axial loading may result in pathological cases of ankle instability.

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