The RIFM approach to evaluating Natural Complex Substances (NCS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 112715
Author(s):  
A.M. Api ◽  
D. Belsito ◽  
D. Botelho ◽  
M. Bruze ◽  
G.A. Burton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Complex

scholarly journals Patterns in Natural Halophytic Grasslands at the Border of Forest-Steppe and Steppe Zones of South Ural

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-476
Author(s):  
Nazar N. Nazarenko ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr V. Malaev ◽  
Alla V. Pirozhenkova ◽  
Natalya A. Bayda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Distribution ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Steppe Species ◽  
Soil Aeration ◽  
Natural Complex ◽  
Continuum Concept ◽  
Concept Theory ◽  
Micro Patterns

The patterns (mosaicity) in natural halophytic grasslands at the border of Forest-steppe and Steppe zones of South Ural were characterized by the hierarchical continuum concept theory for the Troitskiy state natural complex preserve example. It was established, that the grass canopy is fragmented by salinization impact, the individual’s random distribution is typical of halophytes and salttolerant steppe species form patterns. Only the micro-patterns (0,8 m) level is statistically significant, parcels (8 m) and coenotics (12 m) are fuzzy and fragmentation of mosaicity is observed. There are two coenotics series defined for parcels – halophytic and steppe, relating to the distribution of halophytes and steppe grasses respectively. There is clear coenosis. Separation is observed by phytodiversity and biotopes descriptions. The intracoenotic interactions between species, soil moistening variability, soil aeration and acidity (alkalinity) and soil mineralization increase (decrease) are significant for parcels and coenosis forming.

Introduction: What Is Complexity?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Charbonneau
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Dissipative Systems ◽  
Ant Colonies ◽  
Natural Complex ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Natural Complexity

This book investigates complex systems that are idealizations of naturally occurring phenomena characterized by the autonomous generation of structures and patterns at macroscopic scales. It provides material and guidance to allow the reader to learn about complexity through hands-on experimentation with complex systems with the aid of computer programs. Each chapter thus presents a simple computational model of natural complex phenomena ranging from avalanches and earthquakes to solar flares, epidemics, and ant colonies. This introductory chapter explains what complexity is, with emphasis on the fact that defining it is not a simple endeavor, and that it is not the same as randomness or chaos. It also shows that open dissipative systems are complex and clarifies what natural complexity means. Finally, it describes the computer programs listed in this book and suggests materials for further reading about complexity.

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