Inflorescence scent, color, and nectar properties of “butterfly bush” (Buddleja davidii) in its native range

Abstract Butterfly bush (Buddleja davidii) is classified as invasive in several parts of the United States. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of four herbicides and two application methods on postemergence butterfly bush control. The four herbicides included: Roundup (glyphosate), Aquamaster (glyphosate), Garlon (triclopyr), and Arsenal (imazapyr). Application methods included spraying foliage with a CO2 backpack sprayer, and applying herbicide concentrate to recently cut stems (cut-stump method). Plants were treated in September with the maximum labeled rate for each herbicide. Cut-stump rates were determined such that the same amount of active ingredient was applied as in the spray treatments. Applications were made to plants several months after planting to simulate control of small recently germinated plants, and again to plants over 1 year old to simulate control of larger and more established plants. Summarizing results over both plant sizes and from two repetitions of the experiment, Roundup and Aquamaster provided higher levels of control compared to Garlon and Arsenal early in the experiment. Cut-stump applications provided more rapid control than spray applications. Despite differences in control when evaluated several weeks after application, all treated plants were dead when evaluated the following spring.

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Potential non-target impact of Microctonus aethiopoides Loan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Cleopus japonicus Wingelmuller (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a biocontrol agent for putative release to control the butterfly bush Buddleja davidii Franchet in New Zealand

Australian Journal of Entomology ◽

10.1111/j.1440-6055.2005.00461.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 201-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mark R McNeill ◽

Toni M Withers ◽

Stephen L Goldson

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Biocontrol Agent ◽

Buddleja Davidii ◽

Microctonus Aethiopoides ◽

Butterfly Bush

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Substrate pH and Butterfly Bush Response to Dolomitic Lime or Steel Slag Amendment

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-33.2.89 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 89-95

Author(s):

James E. Altland ◽

Wendy Zellner ◽

James C. Locke

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Concentration ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Steel Slag ◽

High Concentration ◽

Dolomitic Lime ◽

Buddleja Davidii ◽

Butterfly Bush ◽

Iron Manganese ◽

Substrate Ph ◽

Base Substrate

Steel slag (SS) is a fertilizer amendment with a high concentration of calcium oxide, and thus capable of raising substrate pH similar to dolomitic lime (DL). Steel slag, however, contains higher concentrations of some nutrients, such as iron, manganese, and silicon, compared to DL. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of SS rate on pH in a substrate composed of 80 pine bark:20 sphagnum peatmoss (v:v), as well as growth and nutrient concentration of butterfly bush (Buddleja davidii ‘Pink Delight’ Franch.). The base substrate was amended with either DL or SS at rates of 0, 0.6, 2.4, 4.8, 9.5, or 14.3 kg·m−3. Substrates were placed into 12-L nursery containers and potted with a single butterfly bush per container. Dolomitic lime amendment resulted in higher substrate pH at rates from 0.6 to 4.8 kg·m−3 while the SS amendment caused a greater increase in pH at rates higher than 4.8 kg·m−3. Butterfly bush responded well to all but the highest SS rate applied. As the rate of SS increased to 14.3 kg·m−3, decreased Mg availability may have reduced shoot growth. Based on the results of this experiment, SS could be used as an alternative to DL. However, incorporation rates would need to be adjusted slightly higher for SS compared to DL to achieve a desired pH in the range of 6 to 6.5.

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