Demography, genetic diversity and expansion load in the colonizing species Leontodon longirostris (Asteraceae) throughout its native range

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1190-1205
Author(s):  
Manuel Pedro ◽  
Miquel Riba ◽  
Santiago C. González‐Martínez ◽  
Pedro Seoane ◽  
Rocío Bautista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Colonizing Species ◽  
Expansion Load

scholarly journals Structure of the Chemical and Genetic Diversity of the True Lavender over Its Natural Range

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1640
Author(s):  
Yolande Despinasse ◽  
Sandrine Moja ◽  
Catherine Soler ◽  
Frédéric Jullien ◽  
Bernard Pasquier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
Multiple Datasets ◽  
Natural Range

The true lavender Lavandula angustifolia Miller is a Mediterranean aromatic shrub widely cultivated for its high quality essential oil used in perfumery and phytotherapy. Despite its economic importance, the intra-specific diversity among wild, non-cultivated plants remains poorly understood. We analyzed the structure of the chemical and genetic diversity of plants from 14 sites sampled over the entire native range of the true lavender. Volatile organic compounds of inflorescences were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Genotyping was performed with fingerprinting genetic markers. To limit the influence of environmental variability on chemical composition, plants were grown in the same conditions in a common garden. Without prior knowledge, discriminant analysis of principal component identified unambiguously four distinct chemotypes among three genetic populations. Co-inertia analysis and supervised analysis which integrated multiple datasets indicated a strong congruency between chemical and genetic patterns. Two distinct genetic units were located at the edge of the distribution area in the south of Italy and in the northeast of Spain, and were associated with two distinct chemotypes. Our results confirmed the existence of three genetically distinct entities, suggesting speciation. All French populations and the Italian Piedmontese population were genetically homogeneous but separated in two distinct chemotypes. The dominant chemotype was present in the center of the native range in southeastern France and was at the origin of the current most cultivated French varieties. Its main compounds were linalyl acetate, linalool, and caryophyllene oxide. The second French chemotype was found in south of Massif Central and presented high abundance of valuable linalyl and lavandulyl acetates. Linalool, eucalyptol, β-caryophyllene, borneol, camphor, and cis-sabinene-hydrate were significantly associated with southern latitudes and their role would be worth exploring.

Genetic diversity and population structure of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis in its native range

2009 ◽  
Vol 156 (8) ◽  
pp. 1573-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liying Sui ◽  
Fumin Zhang ◽  
Xiaomei Wang ◽  
Peter Bossier ◽  
Patrick Sorgeloos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Eriocheir Sinensis ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Chinese Mitten Crab ◽  
Mitten Crab

scholarly journals Survey of Corylus Resistance to Anisogramma anomala from Different Geographic Locations

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 832-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Molnar ◽  
Joseph C. Goffreda ◽  
C. Reed Funk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Geographic Locations ◽  
Pathogenic Variation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Complete Resistance ◽  
Anisogramma Anomala ◽  
History Of

Anisogramma anomala (Peck) E. Müller is the causal agent of the disease eastern filbert blight (EFB) of hazelnuts (Corylus spp.). Little is known of its genetic diversity and pathogenic variation. Most sources of host resistance have been identified in the Pacific Northwest, a region outside the native range of A. anomala believed to have limited diversity of the fungus due to a long history of quarantine and its relatively recent inadvertent introduction. In an attempt to investigate the pathogenic variation of A. anomala, 12 hazelnut genotypes that showed complete resistance in Oregon were inoculated with 12 isolates collected from across its native range. At the conclusion of the study, ‘Grand Traverse,’ ‘Ratoli’, OSU 541.147, OSU 495.072, and OSU 526.041 remained free of disease. ‘Closca Molla’, OSU 759.007, and OSU 587.044 were infected by most isolates. ‘Gasaway’ was infected by the Michigan isolate, which was also the only one to infect its offspring ‘Zimmerman’, although the lesion lacked sporulating stromata. Interestingly, ‘VR20–11’, another offspring of ‘Gasaway’, was infected by isolates from New Jersey, Minnesota, and Michigan. The Michigan isolate also caused the only signs of infection on OSU 408.040.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Lowbush Blueberry throughout its U.S. Native Range in Managed and Non-managed Populations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Beers ◽  
Jeannie Rowland ◽  
Francis Drummond
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Expressed sequenced tagged-polymerase chain reaction (EST-PCR) molecular markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of lowbush blueberry across its geographic range and to compare genetic diversity among four paired managed/non-managed populations. Seventeen lowbush blueberry populations were sampled in a general north south transect throughout eastern United States with distances between 27 km to 1600 km separating populations. Results show that the majority of genetic variation is found within populations (75%) versus among populations (25%), and that each population was genetically unique (P ≤ 0.0001) with the exception of the Jonesboro, ME and Lubec, ME populations that were found not to be significantly different (P = 0.228). The effects of management for commercial fruit harvesting on genetic diversity were investigated in four locations in Maine with paired managed and non-managed populations. Significant differences were found between the populations indicating that commercial management influences the genetic diversity of lowbush blueberries in the landscape, despite the fact that planting does not occur; forests are harvested and the existing understory blueberry plants are what become established.

scholarly journals Uncovered genetic diversity in Hemidactylus mabouia (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) from Madeira Island reveals uncertain sources of introduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Rato ◽  
Beatriz Martins ◽  
Ricardo Rocha ◽  
Iolanda Silva-Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
South American ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Phylogenetic Pattern ◽  
Madeira Island ◽  
Hemidactylus Mabouia

AbstractHemidactylus mabouia is one of the most widely distributed species within its genus. It was first reported to Madeira in 2002 and the first individuals were considered to have originated from Cape Verde. Almost 20 years later, we found that H. mabouia has substantially expanded its distribution and can now be found >10 km away from Funchal, where it was first reported. Based on a 12S phylogenetic analysis and using 29 individuals from Funchal and Câmara de Lobos we found that Madeira actually harbours two distinct lineages of H. mabouia: one exclusively South American and another widespread in America and Africa. However, the lack of genetic diversity typical of this species outside its native range and the obtained phylogenetic pattern prevent us to infer possible introduction routes or sources. Our study emphasizes that authorities should remain vigilant regarding the arrival of other non-natives and act to prevent their establishment as soon as they are detected.

scholarly journals Uncovered genetic diversity in Hemidactylus mabouia (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) from Madeira Island reveals uncertain sources of introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Catarina Rato ◽  
Beatriz Martins ◽  
Ricardo Rocha ◽  
Iolanda Silva-Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
South American ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Phylogenetic Pattern ◽  
Madeira Island ◽  
Hemidactylus Mabouia

Abstract Hemidactylus mabouia is one of the most widely distributed species within its genus. It was first reported to Madeira in 2002 and the first individuals were considered to have originated from Cape Verde. Almost 20 years later, we found that H. mabouia has substantially expanded its distribution and can now be found >10 km away from Funchal, where it was first reported. Based on a 12S phylogenetic analysis and using 29 individuals from Funchal and Câmara de Lobos we found that Madeira actually harbours two distinct lineages of H. mabouia: one exclusively South American and another widespread in America and Africa. However, the lack of genetic diversity typical of this species outside its native range and the obtained phylogenetic pattern prevent us to infer possible introduction routes or sources. Our study emphasizes that authorities should remain vigilant regarding the arrival of other non-natives and act to prevent their establishment as soon as they are detected.

scholarly journals Epigenetic patterns associated with an ascidian invasion: a comparison of closely related clades in their native and introduced ranges

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola A. Hawes ◽  
Achira Amadoru ◽  
Louis A. Tremblay ◽  
Xavier Pochon ◽  
Brendon Dunphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Didemnum Vexillum ◽  
Colonial Ascidian ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Clade B ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Native And Introduced Ranges

Abstract Environmentally induced epigenetic modifications have been proposed as one mechanism underlying rapid adaptive evolution of invasive species. Didemnum vexillum is an invasive colonial ascidian that has established in many coastal waters worldwide. Phylogenetic analyses have revealed that D. vexillum populations consist of two distinct clades; clade B appears to be restricted to the native range (Japan), whereas clade A is found in many regions throughout the world, including New Zealand. The spread of D. vexillum clade A suggests that it might be intrinsically more invasive than clade B, despite low levels of genetic diversity compared to populations from the native region. This study investigated whether D. vexillum clade A exhibits epigenetic signatures (specifically differences in DNA methylation) associated with invasiveness. Global DNA methylation patterns were significantly different between introduced clade A colonies, and both clades A and B in the native range. Introduced colonies also showed a significant reduction in DNA methylation levels, which could be a mechanism for increasing phenotypic plasticity. High levels of DNA methylation diversity were maintained in the introduced population, despite reduced levels of genetic diversity, which may allow invasive populations to respond quickly to changes in new environments. Epigenetic changes induced during the invasion process could provide a means for rapid adaptation despite low levels of genetic variation in introduced populations.

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