Seedling responses to changes in canopy and soil properties during stand development following clear-cutting

2016 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babs M. Stuiver ◽  
David A. Wardle ◽  
Michael J. Gundale ◽  
Marie-Charlotte Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Stand Development ◽  
Clear Cutting

scholarly journals How clear-cutting affects fire severity and soil properties in a Mediterranean ecosystem

2018 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Francos ◽  
Paulo Pereira ◽  
Jorge Mataix-Solera ◽  
Victoria Arcenegui ◽  
Meritxell Alcañiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Mediterranean Ecosystem ◽  
Clear Cutting

Harvest impacts to stand development and soil properties across soil textures: 25-year response of the aspen Lake States LTSP installations

2022 ◽  
Vol 504 ◽  
pp. 119809
Author(s):  
Miranda T. Curzon ◽  
Robert A. Slesak ◽  
Brian J. Palik ◽  
Julia K. Schwager
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Stand Development ◽  
Lake States

scholarly journals Soil properties and aspen development five years after compaction and forest floor removal

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas M. Stone ◽  
John D. Elioff
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Stand Development ◽  
Site Productivity ◽  
Organic Matter Removal

Forest management activities that decrease soil porosity and remove organic matter have been associated with declines in site productivity. In the northern Lake States region, research is in progress in the aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx. and P. grandidentata Michx.) forest type to determine effects of soil compaction and organic matter removal on soil properties and growth of aspen suckers, associated woody species, herbaceous vegetation, and on stand development. Four treatments: (1) total tree harvest (TTH); (2) TTH plus soil compaction (CPT); (3) TTH plus forest floor removal (FFR); and (4) TTH plus CPT + FFR were applied after winter-harvest of a 70-yr-old aspen stand growing on a loamy sand with a site index(age50) of 20.7 m. The CPT treatment significantly increased bulk density and soil strength of the surface 30 cm of soil and neither have recovered during the 5 yr since treatment. The CPT plots had 19.6 thousand (k) suckers ha−1, less than half that of the TTH and FFR treatments; mean diameter (19.4 mm) and height (271 cm) were greatest on the TTH plots. The disturbance treatments (CPT, FFR, and CPT + FFR) each reduced biomass of foliage, stems, and total suckers compared with the TTH treatment. Total aboveground biomass (herbs + shrubs + suckers) was less than half that of TTH plots. There were 5.0 k saplings (suckers >2.5 cm DBH) ha−1 on the TTH plots, but fewer than 1.0 k ha−1 in the other treatments. The disturbance treatments decreased 5-yr growth of potential crop trees, delayed early stand development, and temporarily reduced stockability and site productivity of an aspen ecosystem. Key words: Soil compaction, organic matter removal, site productivity, stand development

Pre-fire forest management effectivity to decrease wildfire impact on soil properties in a Mediterranean forest.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Francos ◽  
Xavier Úbeda ◽  
Paulo Pereira ◽  
Victoria Arcenegui ◽  
Jorge Mataix-Solera
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Mediterranean Ecosystems ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
And Control

<p>Forest mechanical fuel treatments in Mediterranean ecosystems are frequently employed to reduce both the risk and severity of wildfires. These pre-fire treatments may influence the effects of wildfire events on soil properties. The aim of this study is to examine the effectivity of this treatment (clear-cutting operation whereby part of the vegetation was cut and left covering soil surface) carried out before a wildfire that broke out in 2015 and evaluate if the management had influence on post-wildfire soil properties of three sites: two exposed to management practices in 2005 (site M05B) and in 2015 (site M15B)–and one that did not undergo any management (NMB) and to compare their properties with those recorded in a Control area unaffected by 2015 wildfire. The fourth areas were sampled and compared 2, 10 and 18 months after wildfire. The study area is located in Ódena (Catalonia, Spain). The wildfire occurred at July 27<sup>th</sup> of 2015 and burned 1237 ha. In each area and in each sampling moment we collected 9 topsoil samples (0-5 cm depth). We analyzed aggregate stability (AS), soil organic matter (SOM) content, total nitrogen (TN), carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N), inorganic carbon (IC), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), extractable calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and potassium (K), microbial biomass carbon (C<sub>mic</sub>) and basal soil respiration (BSR). Two-way ANOVA was carried out to check the differences according to sampling moment and to management. The results show that 2 months after the wildfire M05B showed greater amount of IC and pH; M15B showed greater Na than the other areas; NMB resulted higher in AS, TN, SOM, EC, Ca, Mg, K and BSR; and Control registered the highest C<sub>mic</sub>. C/N resulted similar in the 4 areas in the three sampling moments. Ten months after wildfire, M05B showed greater AS and IC; NMB resulted higher in TN, SOM, EC, Mg and K; and Control showed higher pH, Ca, Na, C<sub>mic</sub> and BSR. In the last sampling, 18 months after wildfire, M05B showed greater pH; M15B showed higher AS; NMB resulted higher in TN, SOM, EC, Ca and K; and Control showed higher IC, Mg, Na, C<sub>mic</sub> and BSR. According to the treatments M05B registered higher TN, SOM, IC, EC, Mg, Na and K during 1<sup>st</sup> sampling; AS and C/N during 2<sup>nd</sup> sampling; and pH, Ca, C<sub>mic</sub> and BSR during 3<sup>rd</sup> sampling. M15B registered higher IC, Mg, Na and K during 1<sup>st</sup> sampling; BSR and C/N during 2<sup>nd</sup> sampling; and AS, TN, SOM, pH, EC, Ca and C<sub>mic</sub> during 3<sup>rd</sup> sampling. NMB registered higher IC, Mg, Na, K, C<sub>mic</sub> and BSR during 1<sup>st</sup> sampling; AS and C/N during 2<sup>nd</sup> sampling; and TN, SOM, pH, EC and Ca during 3<sup>rd</sup> sampling. Control did not vary significantly over time due to the absence of perturbation. Overall, a comparison of the pre-fire treatments showed that NMB was the practice that had the least negative effects on the soil properties studied, followed by M15B, and that fire severity was highest at M05B due to the accumulation of dead plant fuel.</p>

Carbon dynamics of aboveground live vegetation of boreal mixedwoods after wildfire and clear-cutting

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1862-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meelis Seedre ◽  
Han Y.H. Chen
Keyword(s):  
C Sequestration ◽  
Stand Development ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
C Pools ◽  
Understory Plants ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
Central Canada ◽  
Vegetation Carbon ◽  
Boreal Mixedwoods

Live vegetation carbon (C) pool dynamics are central to understanding C sequestration of forest ecosystems. Despite its importance, how aboveground live C pools change with stand development in boreal mixedwoods is poorly understood. We quantified aboveground live C pools (i.e., trees, >4 m in height; saplings and shrubs, 1.3–4 m in height; and understory plants, <1.3 m in height) in a postfire chronosequence ranging from 1 to 203 years and a postlogging chronosequence ranging from 1 to 27 years in the boreal mixedwoods of central Canada. The tree C pool of postfire stands increased from 0 to 109.2 Mg/ha from 1 to 92 years after fire and then declined to approximately 70 Mg/ha in 140- and 203-year-old stands. Carbon pools of saplings and shrubs and understory plants also changed with stand development and stand origin. Of the three age classes compared, postlogged stands had significantly higher vegetation C than postfire stands 1 and 27 years after disturbance, but there was no difference in 9-year-old stands. Higher values of live vegetation C in postlogged stands was attributed to live standing trees left after logging and silvicultural treatments that helped trees to establish during stand initiation.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Ground Vegetation in Spruce Plantations and Natural Forest in the Greater Fundy Ecosystem, New Brunswick

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cam Veinotte ◽  
Bill Freedman ◽  
Wolfgang Maass ◽  
Friederike Kirstein
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Fagus Grandifolia ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Stand Development ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Successional Stages

We studied changes in ground vegetation associated with the conversion of natural, mature, mixed-species forest into conifer plantations in southeastern New Brunswick. This was done to determine the degree to which plant-associated biodiversity was affected by this forestry practice. Species of lichens, bryophytes, and vascular plants were examined in a 21-year chronosequence of 12 Black Spruce (Picea mariana) plantations and compared to 8 stands of natural forest of the type replaced. The richness, diversity, and density of species were greatest during younger stages of the plantation sere, with as many as 170 species occurring in a 6-year-old stand. Species occurred in successional stages according to their abilities to: (a) survive disturbances associated with clear-cutting and plantation establishment; (b) regenerate vegetatively; (c) re-establish from a persistent seedbank; (d) invade disturbed habitat by dispersed seeds; and/or (e) tolerate environmental stress imposed by the overtopping canopy during stand development. Multivariate analyses suggested that successional factors had the strongest influence on differences in the ground vegetation among stands of various ages. Gaps in the canopy of reference forest and older plantations provided microsite conditions similar to those of early seral stages, allowing some ruderal species to persist in older stands. Nonindigenous species were almost entirely limited to younger plantations. Some species of natural forest were rare or absent from plantations and may be at risk from the extensive development of these agroforestry habitats in our study region; these included Acer pensylvanicum, Cephaloziella spp., Chiloscyphus spp., Fagus grandifolia, Lepidozia reptans, Nowellia curvifolia, Odontoschisma denudatum, and Viburnum alnifolium.

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