Redox regulation at the heart of RNA Polymerase III gene transcription machinery

2021 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. S52
Author(s):  
Alessandro Vannini
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Transcription Machinery ◽  
Polymerase Iii

scholarly journals Silk gland-specific tRNA(Ala) genes interact more weakly than constitutive tRNA(Ala) genes with silkworm TFIIIB and polymerase III fractions.

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1806-1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
H S Sullivan ◽  
L S Young ◽  
C N White ◽  
K U Sprague
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Silk Gland ◽  
Flanking Sequence ◽  
Transcription Machinery ◽  
Polymerase Iii ◽  
Active Transcription ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Transcription Complexes

Constitutive and silk gland-specific tRNA(Ala) genes from silkworms have very different transcriptional properties in vitro. Typically, the constitutive type, which encodes tRNA(AlaC), directs transcription much more efficiently than does the silk gland-specific type, which encodes tRNA(AlaSG). We think that the inefficiency of the tRNA(AlaCG) gene underlies its capacity to be turned off in non-silk gland cells. An economical model is that the tRNA(AlaSG) promoter interacts poorly, relative to the tRNA(AlaC) promoter, with one or more components of the basal transcription machinery. As a consequence, the tRNA(AlaSG) gene directs the formation of fewer transcription complexes or of complexes with reduced cycling ability. Here we show that the difference in the number of active transcription complexes accounts for the difference in tRNA(AlaC) and tRNA(AlaSG) transcription rates. To determine whether a particular component of the silkworm transcription machinery is responsible for reduced complex formation on the tRNA(AlaSG) gene, we measured competition by templates for defined fractions of this machinery. We find that the tRNA(AlaSG) gene is greatly impaired, in comparison with the tRNA(AlaC) gene, in competition for either TFIIIB or RNA polymerase III. Competition for each of these fractions is also strongly influenced by the nature of the 5' flanking sequence, the promoter element responsible for the distinctive transcriptional properties of tRNA(AlaSG) and tRNA(AlaC) genes. These results suggest that differential interaction with TFIIIB or RNA polymerase III is a critical functional distinction between these genes.

Relative Affinities of Nucleotide Substrates for the Yeast tRNA Gene Transcription Complex

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 320-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemyslaw Szafranski ◽  
W. Jerzy Smagowicz
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Trna Gene ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Rna Polymerases ◽  
Yeast Trna ◽  
Polymerase Iii ◽  
Michaelis Constants ◽  
Auxiliary Protein

Abstract Apparent Michaelis constants for nucleotides in transcription of yeast tRN Agene by hom ologous RNA polymerase III with auxiliary protein factors, were found to be remarkably higher in initiation than in elongation of RNA chain. This supports presumptions regarding topological similarities between catalytic centers of bacterial and eukaryotic RNA polymerases.

scholarly journals Cytoskeletal Filamin A Differentially Modulates RNA Polymerase III Gene Transcription in Transformed Cell Lines

2016 ◽  
Vol 291 (48) ◽  
pp. 25239-25246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Wang ◽  
Shasha Zhao ◽  
Yun Wei ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Paul Shore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Filamin A ◽  
Transformed Cell ◽  
Polymerase Iii ◽  
Transformed Cell Lines

scholarly journals Robust repression of tRNA gene transcription during stress requires protein arginine methylation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. e201800261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richoo B Davis ◽  
Neah Likhite ◽  
Christopher A Jackson ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Michael C Yu
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Transcriptional Repression ◽  
Trna Gene ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Arginine Methylation ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Polymerase Iii ◽  
Protein Arginine Methylation

Protein arginine methylation is an important means by which protein function can be regulated. In the budding yeast, this modification is catalyzed by the major protein arginine methyltransferase Hmt1. Here, we provide evidence that the Hmt1-mediated methylation of Rpc31, a subunit of RNA polymerase III, plays context-dependent roles in tRNA gene transcription: under conditions optimal for growth, it positively regulates tRNA gene transcription, and in the setting of stress, it promotes robust transcriptional repression. In the context of stress, methylation of Rpc31 allows for its optimal interaction with RNA polymerase III global repressor Maf1. Interestingly, mammalian Hmt1 homologue is able to methylate one of Rpc31’s human homologue, RPC32β, but not its paralogue, RPC32α. Our data led us to propose an efficient model whereby protein arginine methylation facilitates metabolic economy and coordinates protein-synthetic capacity.

scholarly journals Distinct Mechanisms for Repression of RNA Polymerase III Transcription by the Retinoblastoma Tumor Suppressor Protein

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 5989-5999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A. Hirsch ◽  
Gauri W. Jawdekar ◽  
Kang-Ae Lee ◽  
Liping Gu ◽  
R. William Henry
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Transcriptional Repression ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
U6 Snrna ◽  
Retinoblastoma Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Polymerase Iii ◽  
U6 Promoter ◽  
Retinoblastoma Tumor

ABSTRACT The retinoblastoma (RB) protein represses global RNA polymerase III transcription of genes that encode nontranslated RNAs, potentially to control cell growth. However, RNA polymerase III-transcribed genes exhibit diverse promoter structures and factor requirements for transcription, and a universal mechanism explaining global repression is uncertain. We show that RB represses different classes of RNA polymerase III-transcribed genes via distinct mechanisms. Repression of human U6 snRNA (class 3) gene transcription occurs through stable promoter occupancy by RB, whereas repression of adenovirus VAI (class 2) gene transcription occurs in the absence of detectable RB-promoter association. Endogenous RB binds to a human U6 snRNA gene in both normal and cancer cells that maintain functional RB but not in HeLa cells whose RB function is disrupted by the papillomavirus E7 protein. Both U6 promoter association and transcriptional repression require the A/B pocket domain and C region of RB. These regions of RB contribute to U6 promoter targeting through numerous interactions with components of the U6 general transcription machinery, including SNAPC and TFIIIB. Importantly, RB also concurrently occupies a U6 promoter with RNA polymerase III during repression. These observations suggest a novel mechanism for RB function wherein RB can repress U6 transcription at critical steps subsequent to RNA polymerase III recruitment.

Silk gland-specific tRNA(Ala) genes interact more weakly than constitutive tRNA(Ala) genes with silkworm TFIIIB and polymerase III fractions

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1806-1814
Author(s):  
H S Sullivan ◽  
L S Young ◽  
C N White ◽  
K U Sprague
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Silk Gland ◽  
Flanking Sequence ◽  
Transcription Machinery ◽  
Polymerase Iii ◽  
Active Transcription ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Transcription Complexes

Constitutive and silk gland-specific tRNA(Ala) genes from silkworms have very different transcriptional properties in vitro. Typically, the constitutive type, which encodes tRNA(AlaC), directs transcription much more efficiently than does the silk gland-specific type, which encodes tRNA(AlaSG). We think that the inefficiency of the tRNA(AlaCG) gene underlies its capacity to be turned off in non-silk gland cells. An economical model is that the tRNA(AlaSG) promoter interacts poorly, relative to the tRNA(AlaC) promoter, with one or more components of the basal transcription machinery. As a consequence, the tRNA(AlaSG) gene directs the formation of fewer transcription complexes or of complexes with reduced cycling ability. Here we show that the difference in the number of active transcription complexes accounts for the difference in tRNA(AlaC) and tRNA(AlaSG) transcription rates. To determine whether a particular component of the silkworm transcription machinery is responsible for reduced complex formation on the tRNA(AlaSG) gene, we measured competition by templates for defined fractions of this machinery. We find that the tRNA(AlaSG) gene is greatly impaired, in comparison with the tRNA(AlaC) gene, in competition for either TFIIIB or RNA polymerase III. Competition for each of these fractions is also strongly influenced by the nature of the 5' flanking sequence, the promoter element responsible for the distinctive transcriptional properties of tRNA(AlaSG) and tRNA(AlaC) genes. These results suggest that differential interaction with TFIIIB or RNA polymerase III is a critical functional distinction between these genes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document