Response modulation of silicon nanowires-based sensor to carbon number in petroleum vapor detection

Two experiments investigate effects related to food intake in humans. In Experiment 1, we measured startle response modulation while study participants ate ice cream, yoghurt, and chocolate. Statistical analysis revealed that ice cream intake resulted in the most robust startle inhibition compared to no food. Contrasting females and males, we found significant differences related to the conditions yoghurt and chocolate. In females, chocolate elicited the lowest response amplitude followed by yoghurt and ice cream. In males, chocolate produced the highest startle response amplitude even higher than eating nothing, whereas ice cream produced the lowest. Assuming that high response amplitudes reflect aversive motivation while low response amplitudes reflect appetitive motivational states, it is interpreted that eating ice cream is associated with the most appetitive state given the alternatives of chocolate and yoghurt across gender. However, in females alone eating chocolate, and in males alone eating ice cream, led to the most appetitive state. Experiment 2 was conducted to describe food intake-related brain activity by means of source localization analysis applied to electroencephalography data (EEG). Ice cream, yoghurt, a soft drink, and water were compared. Brain activity in rostral portions of the superior frontal gyrus was found in all conditions. No localization differences between conditions occurred. While EEG was found to be insensitive, startle response modulation seems to be a reliable method to objectively quantify motivational states related to the intake of different foods.

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Extending the Response Modulation Hypothesis to Children with Psychopathic Traits

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e571212013-392 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Haas ◽

Daniel Waschbusch ◽

Karen Derefinko ◽

Paul J. Frick ◽

William E. Pelham

Keyword(s):

Psychopathic Traits ◽

Response Modulation

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Plasmon-assisted interaction of Si with light, for cancer hyperthermia and electromagnetic energy harvest

The European Physical Journal Applied Physics ◽

10.1051/epjap/2020200071 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 20101

Author(s):

Behnam Kheyraddini Mousavi ◽

Morteza Rezaei Talarposhti ◽

Farshid Karbassian ◽

Arash Kheyraddini Mousavi

Keyword(s):

Silicon Nanowires ◽

Metallic Nanoparticles ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Optical Transition ◽

Electromagnetic Energy ◽

Energy Harvest ◽

Absorption Enhancement ◽

Ir Absorption ◽

Absorption Mechanism ◽

Near Ir

Metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) is applied for fabrication of silicon nanowires (SiNWs). We have shown the effect of amorphous sheath of SiNWs by treating the nanowires with SF6 and the resulting reduction of absorption bandwidth, i.e. making SiNWs semi-transparent in near-infrared (IR). For the first time, by treating the fabricated SiNWs with copper containing HF∕H2O2∕H2O solution, we have generated crystalline nanowires with broader light absorption spectrum, up to λ = 1 μm. Both the absorption and photo-luminescence (PL) of the SiNWs are observed from visible to IR wavelengths. It is found that the SiNWs have PL at visible and near Infrared wavelengths, which may infer presence of mechanisms such as forbidden gap transitions other can involvement of plasmonic resonances. Non-radiative recombination of excitons is one of the reasons behind absorption of SiNWs. Also, on the dielectric metal interface, the absorption mechanism can be due to plasmonic dissipation or plasmon-assisted generation of excitons in the indirect band-gap material. Comparison between nanowires with and without metallic nanoparticles has revealed the effect of nanoparticles on absorption enhancement. The broader near IR absorption, paves the way for applications like hyperthermia of cancer while the optical transition in near IR also facilitates harvesting electromagnetic energy at a broad spectrum from visible to IR.

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Solution Properties and Phase Behavior of Ammonium Hexylene Octyl Succinate in Water and Water-Oil System

Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujps.v3i1.183 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Md. Hamidul Kabir ◽

Ravshan Makhkamov ◽

Shaila Kabir

Keyword(s):

Critical Micelle Concentration ◽

Phase Behavior ◽

Liquid Crystalline ◽

Carbon Number ◽

Phase Region ◽

Solution Properties ◽

Middle Phase ◽

Two Phase ◽

Lamellar Liquid Crystal ◽

Drug Ingredient

The solution properties and phase behavior of ammonium hexylene octyl succinate (HOS) was investigated in water and water-oil system. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of HOS is lower than that of anionic surfactants having same carbon number in the lipophilic part. The phase diagrams of a water/ HOS system and water/ HOS/ C10EO8/ dodecane system were also constructed. Above critical micelle concentration, the surfactant forms a normal micellar solution (Wm) at a low surfactant concentration whereas a lamellar liquid crystalline phase (La) dominates over a wide region through the formation of a two-phase region (La+W) in the binary system. The lamellar phase is arranged in the form of a biocompatible vesicle which is very significant for the drug delivery system. The surfactant tends to be hydrophilic when it is mixed with C10EO8 and a middle-phase microemulsion (D) is appeared in the water-surfactant-dodecane system where both the water and oil soluble drug ingredient can be incorporated in the form of a dispersion. Hence, mixing can tune the hydrophile-lipophile properties of the surfactant. Key words: Ammonium hexylene octyl succinate, mixed surfactant, lamellar liquid crystal, middle-phase microemulsion. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.3(1-2) 2004 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

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