High diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in natural and anthropized sites of a Brazilian tropical dry forest (Caatinga)

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Marinho ◽  
Fritz Oehl ◽  
Iolanda Ramalho da Silva ◽  
Danny Coyne ◽  
Joana Suassuna da Nóbrega Veras ◽  
...  
Botany ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 859-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Magna Azevedo de Assis ◽  
Mayara Alice Correia de Melo ◽  
Danielle Karla Alves da Silva ◽  
Fritz Oehl ◽  
Gladstone Alves da Silva

Tropical forests concentrate most of the world’s biodiversity. In the Northeast of Brazil it is possible to record mosaics of tropical dry and moist forests growing nearby but with completely different biotic and abiotic characteristics. These forests are constantly threatened by intense environmental devastation that affect not only above-ground communities but also those hidden below-ground, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which act in maintaining ecosystem balance. This work aimed to determine the composition of native AMF communities in areas of humid forest (HF) and dry forest (DF) in northeastern Brazil. A total of 70 taxa of AMF were identified in the study areas, with Acaulospora (17) and Glomus (16) being the most representative genera. The sampling effort allowed the evaluation of 70%–73% of the species estimated for the areas. AMF communities differed between HF and DF areas. Species of the genus Glomus occurred predominantly in humid forest areas, whereas representatives of the order Gigasporales were associated more specifically with the dry forest area. Four soil attributes showed approximately 50% correlation with the composition of the AMF community (silt, clay, K, and CEC). Humid and dry forest areas presented a high diversity of AMF, and the soil properties were an important factor for the community composition of these fungi.


Mycorrhiza ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Aguilar-Fernández ◽  
Víctor J. Jaramillo ◽  
Lucía Varela-Fregoso ◽  
Mayra E. Gavito

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Zulueta-Rodríguez ◽  
Luis G. Hernandez-Montiel ◽  
Bernardo Murillo-Amador ◽  
Miguel V. Córdoba-Matson ◽  
Liliana Lara ◽  
...  

Jacaratia mexicana is not only an endemic and typical tropical dry forest tree of Mexico, it is considered as a direct ancestor of the papayo (Carica papaya). Locally it is mainly used in traditional medicine, for human food or for feeding backyard animals (forage plant), but its use value is very restricted or even unknown. Nevertheless, various abiotic and anthropogenic pressures in its Mexican habitat are causing populations of this tree to decline alarmingly. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are microorganisms that have an important role for the regeneration of tree species by increasing their ability to absorb water and nutrients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of AMF on growth and survival of seedlings of J.mexicana transplanted within a fragmented area of the remaining dry forest located in the central portion of the state of Veracruz. We measured height, stem diameter, number of leaves, percent seedling survival and mycorrhizal colonization. Results showed increases in all growth-related variables when seedlings were inoculated with AMF. The results suggest that micosymbionts can play a critical role for the regeneration of J.mexicana and possibly other species of tree within the dry forest, especially helping this endemic species that is currently surviving in a fragmented environment under unfavorable conditions of low availability of water and nutrients.Supervivencia y crecimiento de plántulas de Jacaratia mexicana inoculadas con hongos micorrícico arbusculares dentro de un bosque tropical secoJacaratia mexicana no es solo un árbol endémico y típico de los bosques tropicales secos de México, sino que se le considera como ancestro evolutivo del papayo (Carica papaya). Se le aprecia en la medicina tradicional, para alimentación del ser humano o cría de animales de traspatio (planta forrajera), pero su valor de uso es muy restringido o incluso desconocido. Sin embargo, presiones abióticas y antropogénicas de su hábitat natural están causando una alarmante reducción de las poblaciones naturales de esta Caricaceae. Los hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) son microorganismos que juegan un papel importante en la regeneración de especies debido al aumento de su capacidad para absorber agua y nutrientes. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de los HMA sobre el crecimiento y supervivencia de plántulas de J. mexicana trasplantadas dentro de un área fragmentada del bosque tropical seco ubicado en la parte central del estado de Veracruz. Se determinó en este estudio la altura, diámetro, número de hojas, porcentaje de supervivencia y colonización micorrízica. Los resultados muestran incrementos en todas las variables relacionadas con el crecimiento cuando las plántulas fueron inoculadas con HMA. Los resultados sugieren que estos micosimbiontes pueden desempeñar un papel fundamental para el establecimiento de árboles como J. mexicana y posiblemente de otros componentes dentro del bosque tropical seco, los cuales actualmente sobreviven en un entorno fragmentado y bajo condiciones desfavorables de baja disponibilidad de agua y nutrientes.


2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Guadarrama ◽  
Silvia Castillo-Argüero ◽  
José A. Ramos-Zapata ◽  
Sara L. Camargo-Ricalde ◽  
Javier Álvarez-Sánchez

2008 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarja pik ◽  
Mari Moora ◽  
Martin Zobel ◽  
lle Saks ◽  
Ron Wheatley ◽  
...  

CATENA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 104135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Baltruschat ◽  
Viviane Monique Santos ◽  
Danielle Karla Alves da Silva ◽  
Ingo Schellenberg ◽  
Annette Deubel ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 9089-9097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Cañadas-López ◽  
Diana Rade-Loor ◽  
Marianna Siegmund-Schultze ◽  
Jesús Vargas-Hernández ◽  
Christian Wehenkel

Jatropha seed is a biomass suitable for bioenergy production that can be produced by smallholders, even on marginal lands. However, the current oilseed production is too low to meet the needs of the planned renewable electricity system in the Galapagos Islands. Pruning and fertilization are management options that can be used to increase the dry seed yields. The effects of both treatments were tested in a split-plot design with jatropha trees, which were monitored during a three-year production period. The average seed production was 643±58 kg ha-1 year-1 in the unpruned trees and 696±50 kg ha-1 year-1 in the pruned trees. Although this difference is small, it is expected to increase over time. The pruned trees developed more slowly than the unpruned trees but showed higher (and still increasing) yields at the end of the three-year test period, while the unpruned trees appeared to have reached their maximum production by the second year of the trial. The low fertilizer doses approved by the smallholders did not have a significant impact on the dry seed yield, and the management options that show benefits in the long term are generally not accepted or adopted by them. Cost-effective nutrient enhancement should be investigated, such as inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document