scholarly journals Identification of citrus greening based on visual symptoms: a grower’s diagnostic toolkit

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. e08387
Author(s):  
Mohammad Monirul Hasan Tipu ◽  
Md. Mostafa Masud ◽  
Raunak Jahan ◽  
Artho Baroi ◽  
A.K.M.A. Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Greening ◽  
Visual Symptoms

scholarly journals Identification of huanglongbing Based on Visual Symptoms: a Grower’s Diagnostic Toolkit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Monirul Hasan Tipu ◽  
Md. Mostafa Masud ◽  
Raunak Jahan ◽  
Artho Baroi ◽  
A. K. M. A. Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Citrus Greening ◽  
Asian Citrus Psyllid ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Citrus Diseases ◽  
Primary Vector ◽  
Citrus Leaves

Citrus Greening, which is mainly caused by bacteria, is one of the severe citrus diseases affecting all citrus cultivars and causing the deliberate abolition of trees worldwide. This infectious disease cannot be spread by wind, rain, or contact by contaminated personnel. The primary vector that spreads this disease through feeding citrus leaves is the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), a minuscule insect. The management of citrus greening is also very costly as there is no fruitful technique is developed to cure this disease except removing all infected plants from good ones to eliminate the dissemination of the pathogen. Citrus greening identification is also the most difficult job, as the symptoms are similar to other citrus diseases and nutrient deficiency. Asymmetrical blotchy mottling patterns on leaves are the main symptoms to detect this disease. Here we have discussed some visual signs of citrus greening, which will ultimately help root level farmers to identify and prevent this disease before it drastically impacts citrus plants. Whether it is affected by citrus greening or lack of nutrients, we have also discussed the pen test method of determining the symptoms as symmetrical or asymmetrical across the mid-vein.

Visual Symptoms Of Migraine Underestimated

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (15) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Betsy Bates
Keyword(s):  
Visual Symptoms

2020–2021 Florida Citrus Production Guide: Huanglongbing (Citrus Greening)

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M. Dewdney ◽  
Tripti Vashisth ◽  
Lauren M. Diepenbrock
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Greening ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
Florida Citrus

NA

Fluoride Injury to Cut `Samantha' Roses May Be Reduced by Pulsing with Calcium Nitrate

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1270-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline H. Pearson-Mims ◽  
Virginia I. Lohr
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Flower Longevity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
Nitrate Pulse ◽  
Solution Uptake ◽  
Preservative Solutions

Cut `Samantha' roses (Rosa hybrida L.) were placed in deionized water or a 20-mm Ca(NO3)2 pulsing solution for 72 hours. Flowers then were held in preservative solutions containing 0 or 4 mg fluoride/liter. Fresh weight gain, solution uptake, degree of flower opening, and flower longevity were reduced in the presence of fluoride in the holding solution. Visual symptoms of injury and reduced flower quality also were noted in treatments with fluoride. Pulsing improved fresh weight gain and degree of opening of flowers held in solutions containing fluoride. Pulsing also delayed the onset of visual symptoms of fluoride injury. Water uptake for flowers that were pulsed and exposed to fluoride was not different from uptake for flowers exposed to fluoride alone. Flower longevity for roses in all treatments was increased by using the calcium nitrate pulse, but pulsed flowers in fluoride did not survive as long as the control flowers.

scholarly journals Effect of corneal refractive surgery on accommodative and binocular dysfunctions among civilian pilots in Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Wu ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Meng Liao ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Xue Lin Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Visual Symptom ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Corneal Refractive Surgery ◽  
Normal Binocular Vision

Abstract Background To analyze whether corneal refractive surgery (CRS) is associated with the distribution of different accommodative dysfunctions (ADs) and binocular dysfunctions (BDs) in civilian pilots. A further aim was to analyze the percentages and visual symptoms associated with ADs and/or BDs in this population. Methods One hundred and eight civilian pilots who underwent CRS from January 2001 to July 2012 (age: 30.33 ± 4.60 years) were enrolled, the mean preoperative SE was − 1.51 ± 1.15 D (range: − 1.00- − 5.00 D). Ninety-nine emmetropic civilian pilots (age: 29.64 ± 3.77 years) who were age- and sex-matched to the CRS group were also enrolled. Refractive status, accommodative and binocular tests of each subject were performed. Visually related symptoms were quantified using the 19-item College of Optometrists in Vision Development Quality of Life (COVD-QOL) questionnaire. The 19 items were summed to obtain visual symptom scores that might indicate visual dysfunctions. The chi-square test was used to analyze differences in percentages of ADs and/or BDs between the CRS and emmetropic groups. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare visual symptom scores between pilots with ADs and/or BDs and pilots with normal binocular vision. Results No significant difference was observed between the CRS and emmetropic groups in the overall prevalence of ADs and BDs (15.7% and 15.2% in the CRS and emmetropic groups, respectively; P = 0.185). ADs were present in 4.63% and 3.03% of the CRS and emmetropic group, respectively. BDs were observed in 11.1% and 12.1% of the CRS and emmetropic group, respectively, yielding no significant differences between the groups in the prevalence of ADs or BDs (AD: P = 0.094; BD: P = 0.105). Pilots with ADs and/or BDs had significantly more visual symptoms than pilots with normal binocular vision (p < 0.001). Conclusions CRS for civilian pilots with low-moderate myopia might not impact binocular functions. ADs and/or BDs commonly occur in both emmetropia pilots and pilots who undergo CRS, and pilots with ADs and/or BDs are associated with increased symptoms. This study confirms the importance of a full assessment of binocular visual functions in detecting and remedying these dysfunctions in this specific population.

scholarly journals OP0147 MEASUREMENT OF FLOW VELOCITIES OF THE CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY IN PATIENTS WITH GIANT CELL ARTERITIS WITH VISUAL SYMPTOMS AND CONTROLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 93.2-94
Author(s):  
L. C. Burg ◽  
P. Brossart ◽  
K. I. Reinking ◽  
R. P. Finger ◽  
C. Behning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Arteritis ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Central Retinal Artery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Retinal Artery ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Flow Velocities

Background:Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common form of systemic vasculitis in patients aged 50 years and older.1Visual symptoms such as amaurosis, diplopia, temporary or permanent visual field loss secondary to optic nerve ischemia are common manifestations.2The value of vascular ultrasound of extra-ocular vessels in diagnosing GCA is well established.3However, the role of transocular ultrasound of the central retinal artery in GCA patients has not yet been established.Objectives:To identify changes in flow velocities of the central retinal artery in GCA patients with visual symptoms and controls with transocular high resolution ultrasound.Methods:Prospective analysis of GCA patients with visual symptoms and controls. Ultrasound of the central retinal artery was performed in 18 newly diagnosed consecutive GCA patients with visual symptoms (GCA-group) and 25 controls without ocular pathology. Visual symptoms included amaurosis, diplopia and temporary or permanent visual field loss. For each eye, peak systolic values (PS) and end diastolic values (ED) were recorded. Furthermore, the resistance index of each central retinal artery was measured.Results:Twenty-one of 36 eyes of 18 GCA patients were affected. Therefore 21 central retinal were measured. The control group consisted of 50 central retinal arteries of 25 eye-healthy individuals. The mean age and gender distribution of the GCA-group were 75.6 years (SD± 8.1) with eight females (44 %) and 67 years (SD± 8.9) with twelve females (48%) in the control group. The mean flow velocity of the central retinal artery was PS 12.2 cm/s (SD± 3.5) and ED 3.7 cm/s (SD± 1.2) in the GCA group and PS 14.4 cm/s (SD± 3.2) and ED 5.1 cm/s (SD± 1.6) in the control group. The mean RI was 0.9 (SD± 0.3) in the GCA group and 0.8 (SD± 0.3) in the control group. Mean reduction in flow velocity in the GCA-group was PS 2.1 cm/s (p= 0.039) and ED 1.4 (p= 0.0004) cm/s, while the RI was increased by 0.14 (p= 0.077). The results for PS and ED measurements were statistically significant, while the results for RI were not significant.Conclusion:In GCA patients with ocular symptoms, a reduction of flow velocities of the central retinal artery compared to the eye-healthy control group was found. Results for PS and ED were significant. There seems to be a trend for decreased flow velocities in coexistence with visual symptoms in patients with GCA.References:[1]Warrington KJ, Matteson EL. Management guidelines and outcome measures in giant cell arteritis (GCA). Clin Exp Rheumatol 2007;25:137–41.[2]Chean CS, Prior JA, Helliwell T, et al. Characteristics of patients with giant cell arteritis who experience visual symptoms. Rheumatol Int 2019;39:1789–96.[3]Dejaco C, Ramiro S, Duftner C, et al. EULAR recommendations for the use of imaging in large vessel vasculitis in clinical practice. Ann Rheum Dis 2018;77:636–43Figure 1.Transocular ultrasound of an affected eye in giant cell arteritis with reduced flow velocities and increased resistance index.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Rasch analysis for development and reduction of Symptom Questionnaire for Visual Dysfunctions (SQVD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Cantó-Cerdán ◽  
Pilar Cacho-Martínez ◽  
Francisco Lara-Lacárcel ◽  
Ángel García-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Rasch Model ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Local Dependency ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Questionnaire ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Conversion Table ◽  
Valid Instrument

AbstractTo develop the Symptom Questionnaire for Visual Dysfunctions (SQVD) and to perform a psychometric analysis using Rasch method to obtain an instrument which allows to detect the presence and frequency of visual symptoms related to any visual dysfunction. A pilot version of 33 items was carried out on a sample of 125 patients from an optometric clinic. Rasch model (using Andrich Rating Scale Model) was applied to investigate the category probability curves and Andrich thresholds, infit and outfit mean square, local dependency using Yen’s Q3 statistic, Differential item functioning (DIF) for gender and presbyopia, person and item reliability, unidimensionality, targeting and ordinal to interval conversion table. Category probability curves suggested to collapse a response category. Rasch analysis reduced the questionnaire from 33 to 14 items. The final SQVD showed that 14 items fit to the model without local dependency and no significant DIF for gender and presbyopia. Person reliability was satisfactory (0.81). The first contrast of the residual was 1.908 eigenvalue, showing unidimensionality and targeting was − 1.59 logits. In general, the SQVD is a well-structured tool which shows that data adequately fit the Rasch model, with adequate psychometric properties, making it a reliable and valid instrument to measure visual symptoms.

scholarly journals Eye exercises of acupoints: their impact on myopia and visual symptoms in Chinese rural children

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Lin ◽  
Balamurali Vasudevan ◽  
Su Jie Fang ◽  
Vishal Jhanji ◽  
Guang Yun Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Children ◽  
Visual Symptoms
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