scholarly journals Synthetic building damage scenarios using empirical fragility functions: A case study of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Moya ◽  
Erick Mas ◽  
Shunichi Koshimura ◽  
Fumio Yamazaki
Keyword(s):  
Building Damage ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Damage Scenarios ◽  
Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake

Investigation of Damages in Immediate Vicinity of Co-Seismic Faults During the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 899-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shohei Naito ◽  
Ken Xiansheng Hao ◽  
Shigeki Senna ◽  
Takuma Saeki ◽  
Hiromitsu Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Active Fault ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Site Amplification ◽  
Building Damage ◽  
2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
The Relationship

In the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, the Futagawa fault zone and the Hinagu fault zone were active in some sections, causing severe damage in neighboring areas along the faults. We conducted a detailed investigation of the surface earthquake fault, building damage, and site amplification of shallow ground within about 1 km of the neighboring areas of the fault. The focus was mainly on Kawayou district, Minamiaso village and Miyazono district, Mashiki town, and locations that suffered particularly severe building damage. We explored the relationship between local strong motion and building damage caused in areas that were in the immediate vicinity of the active fault.

Machine Learning Based Building Damage Mapping from the ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 SAR Imagery: Case Study of 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (sp) ◽  
pp. 646-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanbing Bai ◽  
Bruno Adriano ◽  
Erick Mas ◽  
Shunichi Koshimura ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Building Damage ◽  
2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Sar Data ◽  
Sar Imagery ◽  
Damage Mapping

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) remote sensing is a useful tool for mapping earthquake-induced building damage. A series of operational methodologies based on SAR data using either multi-temporal or only post-event SAR images have been developed and used to serve disaster activities. This presents a critical problem: which method is more likely to obtain reliable results and should be adopted for disaster response when both pre- and post-event SAR data are available? To explore this question, this study takes the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake as a case study. ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 SAR images were employed with a machine learning framework to quantitatively compare the performance of building damage mapping using only post-event SAR images and mapping using multi-temporal SAR images. The results show that an overall accuracy of 64.5% was achieved when only post-event SAR images were used, which is 2.3% higher than the overall accuracy when multi-temporal SAR images were used. The estimated building damage ratio for the former and the latter are 29.7% and 31.1%, respectively, which are both close to the building damage ratio obtained from an optical image.

The Importance of Seismic Death Risk Assessment of Households in the Kumamoto Earthquake of 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1151-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadayoshi Nakashima ◽  
◽  
Shigeyuki Okada ◽  
Akane Shinoda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Building Damage ◽  
2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Death Risk ◽  
Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Return Home ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Over Time

This paper discusses the reduction effect of a foreshock on casualties during the mainshock of people who evacuated to shelters and their private cars during the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake. In the first part of this paper, we discuss the number of human casualties caused by the collapse of wooden buildings. The characteristics of casualties in the Kumamoto earthquake are classified as household attributes and building damage caused by the foreshock and mainshock. In the second part, we apply equations (Nakashima and Okada 2008 and Okada and Nakashima 2015) to the Masiki area to determine the total number of casualties with a focus on deaths. The number of deaths due to total building damage from the foreshock and the mainshock in the case of 0 evacuees was estimated as 147. We then estimated the reduction effect on the number of casualties caused by the foreshock by using the survey data of the mainshock and foreshock. We found that evacuation during the mainshock decreased the death toll by 128 people. Moreover, the number of injured people decreased by 657. Generally, most people who evacuate tend to return home over time. As a result, many people die at the time of a subsequent mainshock. It is important to provide death risk information to each household to support their decision-making regarding appropriate evacuation.

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