How current risk assessment and risk management methods for drinking water in The Netherlands cover the WHO water safety plan approach

Background: The quality of water for human consumption is an objective of fundamental importance for the defense of public health. Since the management of networks involves many problems of control and efficiency of distribution, the Water Safety Plan (WSP) was introduced to address these growing problems. Methods: WSP was applied to three companies in which the water resource assumes central importance: five water kiosks, a third-range vegetable processing company, and a residence and care institution. In drafting the plan, the terms and procedures designed and tested for the management of urban distribution systems were applied to safeguard the resource over time. Results: The case studies demonstrated the reliability of the application of the model even to small drinking-water systems, even though it involved a greater effort in analyzing the incoming water, the local intended use, and the possibilities for managing the containment of the dangers to which it is exposed. This approach demonstrates concrete effectiveness in identifying and mitigating the dangers of altering the quality of water. Conclusions: Thanks to the WSP applied to small drinking-water systems, we can move from management that is focused mainly on verifying the conformity of the finished product to the creation of a global risk assessment and management system that covers the entire water supply chain.

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DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A WATER SAFETY PLAN FOR THE DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM OF FLORENCE, ITALY

Environmental Engineering and Management Journal ◽

10.30638/eemj.2020.173 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 1813-1822

Author(s):

Cecilia Caretti ◽

Roberta Muoio ◽

Leonardo Rossi ◽

Daniela Santianni ◽

Claudio Lubello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Supply ◽

Supply System ◽

Water Supply System ◽

Drinking Water Supply ◽

Water Safety ◽

Safety Plan ◽

Water Safety Plan ◽

Drinking Water Supply System

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Applying the water safety plan to water reuse: towards a conceptual risk management framework

Environmental Science Water Research & Technology ◽

10.1039/c5ew00070j ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

pp. 709-722 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

D. Goodwin ◽

M. Raffin ◽

P. Jeffrey ◽

H. M. Smith

Keyword(s):

Risk Management ◽

Water Reuse ◽

Management Approach ◽

Water Safety ◽

Management Framework ◽

Risk Management Framework ◽

Safety Plan ◽

Research Programmes ◽

Water Safety Plan ◽

Guidelines And Standards

The Water Safety Plan (WSP) is receiving increasing attention as a recommended risk management approach for water reuse through a range of research programmes, guidelines and standards.

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Quantitative risk assessment in the Water Safety Plan: case studies from drinking water practice

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2009.297 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 127-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gertjan Medema ◽

Patrick Smeets

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Case Studies ◽

Level Of Detail ◽

Specific Information ◽

Water Safety ◽

Site Specific ◽

Safety Plan ◽

Water Safety Plan ◽

System Assessment

System assessment is the part of the Water Safety Plan that evaluates whether a water supply system is capable of producing drinking water that meets the health-based targets. System assessment can be done at increasing level of detail, requiring more site specific information as the level of detail increases. Four case studies are presented with increasing level of detail, showing the type of information that is required for each of these levels and how each level informs risk management. The first case study shows how a system assessment can be performed without other site specific information than the type of source water and the type of treatment processes. The required data for the system assessment are collected from the large body of literature available. The second case study uses site specific microbial indicator data. The third study uses pathogen data and the fourth case study combines data on pathogens, microbial indicators and process parameters. The case studies show that the level of detail required largely depends on the risk management question.

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Water safety: one of the primary objectives of our time

Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science ◽

10.4136/ambi-agua.1994 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlo Collivignarelli

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Supply ◽

Effective Means ◽

Water Security ◽

Limited Resources ◽

Management Approach ◽

Water Safety ◽

Safety Plan ◽

Water Safety Plan ◽

The Eu

This article discusses the benefits of an innovative approach to the problem of water security introduced by WHO in 2004, through the establishment of the Water Safety Plan (WSP). It was recently included in Commission Directive (EU) 2015/1787 – October 6, 2015 – the implementation of which is expected in the EU countries by 27 October 2017. The WSP is the most effective means of consistently ensuring the safety of a drinking water supply. The method is based on the use of a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach that involves all steps in water supply from catchment to consumer. The knowledge acquired by some experiences of WSP application, both inItalyand in countries with limited resources, is proving the effectiveness of the model as the best way to manage drinking water systems and protect public health.

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Success or failure: demonstrating the effectiveness of a Water Safety Plan

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2011.106 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 109-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. M. Mudaliar

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Supply ◽

Performance Indicators ◽

Drinking Water Supply ◽

Water Safety ◽

Performance Targets ◽

Drinking Water Safety ◽

Water Supply Management ◽

Safety Plan ◽

Water Safety Plan

The Water Safety Plan (WSP) concept has become a globally recognised and accepted approach to drinking water supply management and operation. Many countries around the world are adopting this proactive, risk-based model for ensuring consistent confidence in drinking water safety, accessibility and affordability. While it is widely accepted that the WSP concept is an appropriate tool for ensuring drinking-water supply efficiency, the process for gathering the required evidence to demonstrate this continues to be rather vague. The problem may lie fundamentally in the way WSPs are developed and implemented. This paper discusses the need for establishing performance targets, identifying key performance indicators and monitoring these to build a body of evidence that would be instrumental in demonstrating whether WSPs are effective or not.

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