The control strategy for a molten carbonate fuel cell hybrid system

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 2997-3000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Milewski ◽  
Tomasz Świercz ◽  
Krzysztof Badyda ◽  
Andrzej Miller ◽  
Antoni Dmowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Cell Hybrid ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Fuel Cell Hybrid

scholarly journals Triple-layer based control strategy for molten carbonate fuel cell – hybrid system

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Milewski ◽  
Andrzej Miller
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Cell Hybrid ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Independent Parameters ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Fuel Cell Hybrid

Abstract Based on mathematical modelling and numerical simulations, a control strategy for a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Hybrid System (MCFC-HS) is presented. Adequate maps of performances with three independent parameters are shown. The independent parameters are as follows: stack current, fuel mass flow and compressor outlet pressure. Those parameters can be controlled by external load, fuel valve and turbine-compressor shaft speed, respectively. The control system is purposed to meet many constraints: e.g. stack temperature, steam-to-carbon ratio, compressor surge limitation, etc. The aim is to achieve maximum efficiency of power generated within these constraints. Governing equations of MCFC-HS modelling are given. An operational line of the MCFC-GT system is presented which fulfils several constraints (temperature difference, cell temperature, etc.) The system is able to achieve efficiency of more than 62% even in part-load operation.

Control Performance Study on the Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Hybrid Systems

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huisheng Zhang ◽  
Lijin Wang ◽  
Shilie Weng ◽  
Ming Su
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Cell Hybrid ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Control Performance ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Fuel Cell Hybrid

The intention of this work is to investigate the control characteristics of molten carbonate fuel cell hybrid systems through dynamic simulation. Because of the complexity and interaction between different components in the hybrid systems, several parameters, such as the turbine rotational speed, the temperatures within the fuel cell, the differential pressure between the anodic and the cathodic side, the steam-to-carbon ratio, need to be monitored and kept within safe limits. On the other hand, the system response to load variations is required to be as quick as possible in order to meet the energy demand. Several control loops were introduced into the hybrid system, the paper focuses on the control performance to regulate the net electrical power from the hybrid system, avoiding malfunctions or damage. The results for several operating conditions are presented and discussed.

Control Performance Study on the Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Hybrid Systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huisheng Zhang ◽  
Shilie Weng ◽  
Ming Su ◽  
Wenshu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Cell Hybrid ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Control Performance ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Fuel Cell Hybrid

The intention of this work is to investigate the control characteristics of molten carbonate fuel cell hybrid systems through dynamic simulation. Because of the complexity and interaction between different components in the hybrid systems, several parameters, such as the turbine rotational speed, the temperatures within the fuel cell, the differential pressure between the anodic and the cathodic side, and the steam-to-carbon ratio, need to be monitored and kept within safe limits. On the other hand, the system response to load variations is required to be as quick as possible in order to meet the energy demand. Several control loops were introduced into the hybrid system. This paper focuses on the control performance to regulate the net electrical power from the hybrid system, avoiding malfunctions or damage. The results for several operating conditions are presented and discussed.

Triple-Layer Control System for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell–Gas Turbine Hybrid System

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Milewski ◽  
Piotr Biczel ◽  
Mariusz Kłos
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electric Equipment ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell

The control system of molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) coupled with a gas turbine (GT) should be based on the multilayer structure (two- or three-layers), wherein the third layer is connected with the power output from the system and can be considered separately. Simulation model of the MCFC–GT hybrid system (HS) was built. The simulator is based on a zero-dimensional modeling of the individual elements of the system. The simulator was used for mapping the main components behavior (MCFC and GT separately). On the basis of the obtained maps of the performances and adopted restrictions on technical–operational nature, the operation line for the first line of the control strategy was obtained. The control system which realizes the obtained control strategy was built in reality. Then, the hardware-based models of the main elements were created based on the electric equipment. The hardware–software model was connected to the control system and adequate simulations were performed. The presented results indicate that the analyzed MCFC–GT HS possesses a high operation and control flexibility while at the same time maintaining stable thermal efficiency. Operation of the system is possible over a wide range of parameter changes.

scholarly journals A novel hybrid liquefied natural gas process with absorption refrigeration integrated with molten carbonate fuel cell

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Mehrpooya ◽  
Parimah Bahramian ◽  
Fathollah Pourfayaz ◽  
Hadi Katooli ◽  
Mostafa Delpisheh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Absorption Refrigeration ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell

Abstract The production of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a high energy-consuming process. The study of ways to reduce energy consumption and consequently to reduce operational costs is imperative. Toward this purpose, this study proposes a hybrid system adopting a mixed refrigerant for the liquefaction of natural gas that is precooled with an ammonia/water absorption refrigeration (AR) cycle utilizing the exhaust heat of a molten carbonate fuel cell, 700°C and 2.74 bar, coupled with a gas turbine and a bottoming Brayton super-critical carbon dioxide cycle. The inauguration of the ammonia/water AR cycle to the LNG process increases the cooling load of the cycle by 10%, providing a 28.3-MW cooling load duty while having a 0.45 coefficient of performance. Employing the hybrid system reduces energy consumption, attaining 85% overall thermal efficiency, 53% electrical efficiency and 35% fuel cell efficiency. The hybrid system produces 6300 kg.mol.h−1 of LNG and 146.55 MW of electrical power. Thereafter, exergy and sensitivity analyses are implemented and, accordingly, the fuel cell had an 83% share of the exergy destruction and the whole system obtained a 95% exergy efficiency.

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