Acceptability of oral antiretrovirals for very young infants – A longitudinal study

As a step toward understanding the developmental relationship between handedness and language lateralization, this longitudinal study investigated how infants (N = 21) move their hands in noncommunicative and communicative situations at 2 weeks and at 3 months of age. The authors looked at whether left-right asymmetry in hand movements and in duration of self-touch appeared across conditions and whether the direction of asymmetry depended on the communicative nature of the situation. The authors found that asymmetries appeared less consistently than suggested in literature and did not only depend on the communicative nature of the situation. Instead, hand activity and self-touch patterns depended on age, the presence of the mother, the degree of novelty of the situation, and the presence of an object. The results partly support previous studies that pointed out an early differentiation of communicative hand movements versus noncommunicative ones in infants. It is in terms of the amount of global hand activity, rather than in those of the laterality of hand movements that this differentiation emerged in this study. At 3 months, infants moved their hands more in the communicative conditions than in the noncommunicative conditions and this difference appeared as a tendency already at 2 weeks of age.

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School Achievement and Adult Qualifications among Adoptees: A Longitudinal Study

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry ◽

10.1017/s0021963098002625 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 669-685 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Barbara Maughan ◽

Stephan Collishaw ◽

Andrew Pickles

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

School Achievement

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A Longitudinal Posthumous Study of Letter Writing in a Late Elderly Case

Perspectives on Gerontology ◽

10.1044/gero20.1.22 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 22-33

Author(s):

Angel Ball ◽

Jean Neils-Strunjas ◽

Kate Krival

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Elderly Woman ◽

Semantic Content ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Letter Writing ◽

Linguistic Performance ◽

Errors Analysis ◽

Normal Status

This study is a posthumous longitudinal study of consecutive letters written by an elderly woman from age 89 to 93. Findings reveal a consistent linguistic performance during the first 3 years, supporting “normal” status for late elderly writing. She produced clearly written cursive form, intact semantic content, and minimal spelling and stroke errors. A decline in writing was observed in the last 6–9 months of the study and an analysis revealed production of clausal fragmentation, decreasing semantic clarity, and a higher frequency of spelling, semantic, and stroke errors. Analysis of writing samples can be a valuable tool in documenting a change in cognitive status differentiated from normal late aging.

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Food for Thought on Pediatric Feeding and Swallowing

Perspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) ◽

10.1044/sasd17.3.110 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 110-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Joan C. Arvedson

Keyword(s):

Developmentally Appropriate ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Silent Aspiration ◽

Multiple Systems ◽

Young Infants ◽

Adequate Understanding ◽

Nutrition And Hydration ◽

Pediatric Feeding ◽

Areas Of Concern ◽

And Function

Abstract “Food for Thought” provides an opportunity for review of pertinent topics to add to updates in areas of concern for professionals involved with feeding and swallowing issues in infants and children. Given the frequency with which speech-language pathologists (SLPs) make decisions to alter feedings when young infants demonstrate silent aspiration on videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS), the need for increased understanding about cough and its development/maturation is a high priority. In addition, understanding of the role(s) of laryngeal chemoreflexes (LCRs), relationships (or lack of relationships) between cough and esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux (GER), and chronic salivary aspiration is critical. Decision making regarding management must take into account multiple systems and their interactions in order to provide safe feeding for all children to meet nutrition and hydration needs without being at risk for pulmonary problems. The responsibility is huge and should encourage all to search the literature so that clinical practice is as evidence-based as possible; this often requires adequate understanding of developmentally appropriate neurophysiology and function.

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