scholarly journals Spatial clustering of orientation preference in primary visual cortex of the large rodent agouti

iScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 101882
Author(s):  
Dardo N. Ferreiro ◽  
Sergio A. Conde-Ocazionez ◽  
João H.N. Patriota ◽  
Luã C. Souza ◽  
Moacir F. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Orientation Preference

scholarly journals Spatial Clustering of Inhibition in Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

Neuron ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-600.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinaldo D. D’Souza ◽  
Pawan Bista ◽  
Andrew M. Meier ◽  
Weiqing Ji ◽  
Andreas Burkhalter
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Spatial Clustering

Heterogeneity in local distributions of orientation-selective neurons in the cat primary visual cortex

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro E. Maldonado ◽  
Charles M. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Spike Trains ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Orientation Tuning ◽  
Area 17 ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Orientation Preference ◽  
Neuronal Spike Trains

AbstractWe have employed the tetrode technique, which allows accurate discrimination of individual neuronal spike trains from multiunit recordings, in order to examine the variation of orientation selectivity among local groups of neurons. We recorded a total of 321 cells from 62 sites in area 17 of halothane-anesthetized cats; each site contained between three to ten neurons that were estimated to be less than 65 μm away from the tetrode tip. For each cell, we determined the orientation tuning in response to moving bars. Of the cells tested, 8.4% were unresponsive, 22.7% had no preferential response to any particular orientation, while 68.8% were tuned. The average difference in preferred orientation between cell pairs recorded at the same site was 10.7 deg, but the variance in preferred orientation differences differed significantly among sites. Some clusters of cells exhibited the same or nearly the same orientation preference, while others had orientation preferences that differed by as much as 90 deg. Our data demonstrate that the tuning for orientation is more heterogeneously distributed at a local level than previous studies have suggested.

The Joint Development of Orientation and Ocular Dominance: Role of Constraints

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 959-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Piepenbrock ◽  
Helge Ritter ◽  
Klaus Obermayer
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Ocular Dominance ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Simple Cell ◽  
Orientation Preference ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
Insight Into

Correlation-based learning (CBL) has been suggested as the mechanism that underlies the development of simple-cell receptive fields in the primary visual cortex of cats, including orientation preference (OR) and ocular dominance (OD) (Linsker, 1986; Miller, Keller, & Stryker, 1989). CBL has been applied successfully to the development of OR and OD individually (Miller, Keller, & Stryker, 1989; Miller, 1994; Miyashita & Tanaka, 1991; Erwin, Obermayer, & Schulten, 1995), but the conditions for their joint development have not been studied (but see Erwin & Miller, 1995, for independent work on the same question) in contrast to competitive Hebbian models (Obermayer, Blasdel, & Schulten, 1992). In this article, we provide insight into why this has been the case: OR and OD decouple in symmetric CBL models, and a joint development of OR and OD is possible only in a parameter regime that depends on nonlinear mechanisms.

scholarly journals Spatial clustering of tuning in mouse primary visual cortex

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario L. Ringach ◽  
Patrick J. Mineault ◽  
Elaine Tring ◽  
Nicholas D. Olivas ◽  
Pablo Garcia-Junco-Clemente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Spatial Clustering

scholarly journals Optimizing the Representation of Orientation Preference Maps in Visual Cortex

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Hughes ◽  
Geoffrey J. Goodhill
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Orientation Preference ◽  
Color Mapping ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Standard Representation ◽  
Visual Impression ◽  
Orientation Maps ◽  
True Structure

The colorful representation of orientation preference maps in primary visual cortex has become iconic. However, the standard representation is misleading because it uses a color mapping to indicate orientations based on the HSV (hue, saturation, value) color space, for which important perceptual features such as brightness, and not just hue, vary among orientations. This means that some orientations stand out more than others, conveying a distorted visual impression. This is particularly problematic for visualizing subtle biases caused by slight overrepresentation of some orientations due to, for example, stripe rearing. We show that displaying orientation maps with a color mapping based on a slightly modified version of the HCL (hue, chroma, lightness) color space, so that primarily only hue varies between orientations, leads to a more balanced visual impression. This makes it easier to perceive the true structure of this seminal example of functional brain architecture.

scholarly journals Long-range neural coherence encodes stimulus information in primate visual cortex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Kermani ◽  
Elizabeth Zavitz ◽  
Brian Oakley ◽  
Nicholas S.C. Price ◽  
Maureen A. Hagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Stimulus Information ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Orientation Preference ◽  
Orientation Columns ◽  
Marmoset Monkeys

AbstractIn the primary visual cortex, neurons with similar receptive field properties are bound together through widespread networks of horizontal connections that span orientation columns. How connectivity across the cortical surface relates to stimulus information is not fully understood. We recorded spiking activity and the local field potential (LFP) from the primary visual cortex of marmoset monkeys and examined how connectivity between distant orientation columns affect the encoding of visual orientation.Regardless of their spatial separation, recording sites with similar orientation preferences have higher coherence between spiking activity and the local field potential than sites with different preferred orientation. Using information theoretic methods, we measured the amount of stimulus information that is shared between pairs of sites. More stimulus information can be decoded from pairs with the same preferred stimulus orientation than the pairs with a different preferred orientation, and the amount of information is significantly correlated with the magnitude of beta-band spike-LFP coherence. These effects remained after controlling for firing rate differences.Our results thus show that spike-LFP synchronization in the beta-band is associated with the encoding of stimulus information within the primary visual cortex of marmoset monkeys.Significance StatementA fundamental step in processing images in the visual cortex is coordinating the neural activity across distributed populations of neurons. Here, we demonstrate that populations of neurons in the primary visual cortex of marmoset monkeys with the same stimulus orientation preference temporally coordinate their activity patterns when presented with a visual stimulus. We find maximum synchronization in the beta range depends on the similarity of orientation preference at each pair of the neural population.

scholarly journals Spatial clustering of inhibition in mouse primary visual cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Bista ◽  
Rinaldo D. D’Souza ◽  
Andrew M. Meier ◽  
Weiqing Ji ◽  
Andreas Burkhalter
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Feature Maps ◽  
Lateral Posterior ◽  
Mouse Visual Cortex ◽  
Relative Excitation

SUMMARYWhether mouse visual cortex contains orderly feature maps is debated. The overlapping pattern of geniculocortical (dLGN) inputs with M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-rich patches in layer 1 (L1) suggests a non-random architecture. Here, we found that L1 inputs from the lateral posterior thalamus (LP) avoid patches and target interpatches. Channelrhodopsin-assisted mapping of EPSCs in L2/3 shows that the relative excitation of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PVs) and pyramidal neurons (PNs) by dLGN, LP and cortical feedback are distinct and depend on whether the neurons reside in clusters aligned with patches or interpatches. Paired recordings from PVs and PNs shows that unitary IPSCs are larger in interpatches than patches. The spatial clustering of inhibition is matched by dense clustering of PV-terminals in interpatches. The results show that the excitation/inhibition balance across V1 is organized into patch and interpatch subnetworks which receive distinct long-range inputs and are specialized for the processing of distinct spatiotemporal features.

scholarly journals Development of Orientation Preference Maps in Ferret Primary Visual Cortex

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 6443-6453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Chapman ◽  
Michael P. Stryker ◽  
Tobias Bonhoeffer
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Orientation Preference
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