Relation Between Stress-Induced Myocardial Perfusion Defects on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients With Cardiac Syndrome X

Objective The vessels involved in the microcirculation are too small to be visualized by conventional angiography and no tools are currently available that can directly evaluate the coronary microcirculation. This study evaluated the coronary clearance frame count (CCFC) in patients with cardiac syndrome X (CSX). Methods The retrospective study enrolled patients with angina, who had a positive nuclear imaging test and normal coronary angiography; and a control group consisting of patients who underwent an angiogram to exclude coronary artery disease. Thrombosis in myocardial infarction frame count (TFC) and CCFC for each coronary artery (left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD], circumflex coronary artery [CFX] and right coronary artery [RCA]) were calculated offline. Results A total of 71 patients with CSX and 61 control patients were enrolled in the study. No significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the baseline demographic and clinical variables. The TFC of LAD, CFX and RCA were similar between the two groups. The mean CCFC-LAD, CCFC-CFX and CCFC-RCA were significantly longer in the CSX group compared with the control group. Conclusion CCFC is a simple, quantitative and highly reproducible method that might be used as a marker of coronary microvascular dysfunction.

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Aerobic Physical Training Ameliorates Myocardial Perfusion Defects but Do not Improve Inotropic Reserve in Patients With Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Journal of Cardiac Failure ◽

10.1016/j.cardfail.2012.06.051 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. S15-S16

Author(s):

Eduardo E.V. Carvalho ◽

Luciano F.L. Oliveira ◽

Julio C. Crescencio ◽

Moyses O. Lima-Filho ◽

Lourenco Gallo-Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Perfusion ◽

Physical Training ◽

Microvascular Dysfunction ◽

Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction ◽

Perfusion Defects ◽

Myocardial Perfusion Defects

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Erratum to: Myocardial perfusion defects in scleroderma detected by contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance

La radiologia medica ◽

10.1007/s11547-014-0430-z ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 119 (12) ◽

pp. 958-958 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Gianluca Moroncini ◽

Nicolò Schicchi ◽

Giovanni Pomponio ◽

Magdalena Dziadzio ◽

Osmy Paci della Costanza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Myocardial Perfusion ◽

Contrast Enhanced ◽

Perfusion Defects ◽

Myocardial Perfusion Defects

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The association between coronary microvascular dysfunction and carotid intima media thickness in patients with cardiac syndrome X

International Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.028 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 383-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vincenzo Sucato ◽

Salvatore Evola ◽

Giuseppina Novo ◽

Egle Corrado ◽

Giuseppe Coppola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Microvascular Dysfunction ◽

Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽

Syndrome X ◽

Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction ◽

Cardiac Syndrome X ◽

Media Thickness ◽

Cardiac Syndrome

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INFLAMMATION AND CORONARY MICROVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION ASSESSED BY CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC SYNDROME X

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(11)60896-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 57 (14) ◽

pp. E896

Author(s):

Alberto Dominguez-Rodriguez ◽

Pedro Abreu-Gonzalez ◽

Pablo Avanzas ◽

Maria del Carmen Garcia-Baute ◽

Maria Angeles Gomez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exercise Testing ◽

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽

Microvascular Dysfunction ◽

Syndrome X ◽

Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction ◽

Cardiac Syndrome X ◽

Cardiopulmonary Exercise ◽

Cardiac Syndrome

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Cardiac Syndrome X

JMS SKIMS ◽

10.33883/jms.v14i2.82 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 46-51

Author(s):

Syed Maqbool Ahmad ◽

Hilal Rather ◽

Khurshid Iqbal ◽

Nisar A Tramboo ◽

Vicar Jan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Chest Pain ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Myocardial Perfusion ◽

Perfusion Index ◽

Syndrome X ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Cardiac Syndrome X ◽

Subendocardial Ischemia ◽

Cardiac Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Cardiac syndrome X is a subject with yet unsettled etiology and management. Conventional investigations have not been able to establish that chest pain is due to myocardial ischemia. Magnetic resonance imaging has higher resolution and is more accurate for detecting ischemia. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To establish subendocardial ischemia as the cause of chest pain in cardiac syndrome X by virtue of stress perfusion cardiac MRI. METHODS: Contrast enhanced cardiac MRI was performed in 15 cases and 7 matched controls both at rest and during a six minute infusion of adenosine. Both visual and quantitive analysis were performed. In quantitative analysis both myocardial perfusion index and myocardial perfusion reserve index was measured. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in myocardial perfusion in both subendocardium as well as in subepicardium in both cases as well as in controls upon stress with adenosine. In controls the subendocardial perfusion index rose from 0.13 0.3 to 0.18 .03 and in the subepicardium from 0.12 .02 to 0.18 .03. In patients with cardiac syndrome X subendocardial perfusion index rose from 0.14 .03 to 0.19 .03 and subepicardial perfusion index rose from 0.13+.03 to 0.19 .03. Visual analysis showed short lasting subendocardial dark rim artificats in both cases and controls which lasted for only 3 to 5 beats. CONCLUSION: Our cardiovascular MR study of patients with cardiac syndrome X demonstrated significant and almost similar magnitude adenosine induced increase in both subendocardial and subepicardial myocardial perfusion indices in both study as well as control group. We found no evidence of subendocardial ischemia in patients with cardiac syndrome X. JMS 2011;14(2):46-51

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