Objective monitoring of nasal patency and nasal physiology in rhinitis

Background To diagnose occupational rhinitis, it is mandatory to conduct an objective assessment of changes in nasal patency during specific inhalation challenge (SIC). The reproducibility of acoustic rhinometry measurements in the setting of occupational challenges has never been examined. This study assessed the reproducibility of acoustic rhinometry during SIC investigation of occupational rhinitis. Methods Twenty-four subjects underwent acoustic rhinometry measurements during SIC investigation of occupational rhinitis. Subjects attended 3–6 days of SIC within a week by means of a realistic or closed-circuit apparatus methodology Results All of the within-day intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for nasal volume (2–5 cm) and minimum cross-sectional area (MCA) based on a different number of measurements (2–7) were above 0.85; all of the coefficients of variation (CVs) for the same parameters were low (below 10%). The between-day CVs based on different numbers of SIC sessions ranged from 8.0 to 8.8% and from 6.8 to 8.8% for nasal volume and MCA, respectively. The between-day ICCs ranged from 0.80 to 0.88 and from 0.83 to 0.94 for nasal volume and MCA, respectively. Conclusion Acoustic rhinometry showed good within- and between-day reproducibility and can be recommended for the objective monitoring of nasal patency during SIC investigating occupational rhinitis.

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Correlation between nasal mucosal temperature change and the perception of nasal patency: a literature review

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215121000487 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 135 (2) ◽

pp. 104-109

Author(s):

R Tjahjono ◽

N Singh

Keyword(s):

Temperature Change ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Patient Reported Outcome ◽

Subjective Perception ◽

Nasal Patency ◽

Patient Reported Outcome Measure ◽

Physical Measurements ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Patient Reported ◽

The Impact

AbstractBackgroundThe mechanism of nasal airflow sensation is poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the role of nasal mucosal temperature change in the subjective perception of nasal patency and the methods by which it can be quantified.MethodMedline and PubMed database searches were performed to retrieve literature relevant to the topic.ResultsThe primary mechanism producing the sensation of nasal patency is thought to be the activation of transient receptor potential melastatin family member 8 (‘TRPM8’), a thermoreceptor that is activated by nasal mucosal cooling. Computational fluid dynamics studies have demonstrated that increased airflow and heat flux are correlated with better patient-reported outcome measure scores. Similarly, physical measurements of the nasal cavity using temperature probes have shown a correlation between lower nasal mucosal temperatures and better patient-reported outcome measure scores.ConclusionNasal mucosal temperature change may be correlated with the perception of improved nasal patency. Future research should quantify the impact of mucosal cooling on the perception of nasal airway obstruction.

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Heart rate variability as a strain indicator for psychological stress for emergency physicians during work and alert intervention: a systematic review

Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology ◽

10.1186/s12995-021-00313-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Beatrice Thielmann ◽

Robert Pohl ◽

Irina Böckelmann

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Emergency Physicians ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Objective Monitoring ◽

Prisma Statement ◽

Health Studies

Abstract Background The workloads of emergency physicians are severe. The prevalence of burnout among emergency physicians is higher than with other physicians or compared to the general population. The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is a valid method for objective monitoring of workload. The aim of this paper is to systematically evaluate the literature on heart rate variability as an objective indicator for mental stress of emergency physicians. Methods A systematic literature review examining heart rate variability of emergency physicians in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement for reporting systematic reviews was performed. PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane Libary, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases were used. The methodological quality was evaluated by using a modified STARD for HRV. Results Two studies matched the inclusion criteria by using HRV between alert intervention and two other studies were considered that used HRV in other question areas. It showed an adaptation of HRV under stress. The studies were not comparable. Conclusions There is a need for occupational health studies that examine strains and stress of emergency physicians. The well-established parasympathetic mediated HRV parameters seem to be suitable parameters to objectify the stress.

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Use of nasal flowmeter to measure nasal patency.

Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho ◽

10.3950/jibiinkoka.92.253 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 253-259

Author(s):

SATOKO SAKAI

Keyword(s):

Nasal Patency

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Respiratory mode, nasal patency and palatine dimensions

CoDAS ◽

10.1590/2317-1782/20152014177 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 201-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Maria Elaine Trevisan ◽

José Humberto Bellinaso ◽

Andrielle de Bitencourt Pacheco ◽

Luciana Barros Augé ◽

Ana Maria Toniolo da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nasal Obstruction ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Hard Palate ◽

Nasal Patency ◽

Nasal Breathing ◽

Nose Scale ◽

Symptom Evaluation ◽

Plaster Models ◽

Digital Caliper ◽

Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow

Purpose: To investigate the influence of breathing mode and nasal patency in the dimensions of the hard palate by comparing mouth breathing (MB) and nasal breathing (NB) adults. Methods: Seventy-seven individuals, distributed into the MB group (n=38) and the NB group (n=39), of both genders and aged between 18 and 30 years old, took part in the study. The respiratory mode diagnosis was based on anamnesis, physical characteristics, and otorhinolaryngological examination. The volunteers were evaluated in terms of nasal patency, with a peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) meter, and obstruction symptoms, by a Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale, and had their transversal and vertical hard palate dimensions measured with a digital caliper in plaster models. Results: Comparing both groups, the MB group presented significantly higher values in the NOSE scale, lower values in the PNIF, lower values in the transversal distance of the palate in the intercanine region, and significantly higher values in the vertical distance in the regions of the first and second premolars and molars. There was a negative correlation between PNIF and NOSE, and a positive correlation between PNIF and transversal distance of the palate in the region of the first premolars. Conclusion: MB adults presented reduced nasal patency and a higher degree of nasal obstruction symptoms. The hard palate was morphologically narrower and deeper in adults with the MB mode compared to the NB mode. Moreover, it was concluded that the smaller the nasal patency, the greater the obstruction symptoms and the narrower the hard palate.

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