Sensitization and Respiratory symptoms induced by Peach tree pollen in highly exposed Children and Adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Respiratory disease is a major cause of morbidity in young people. It is now recognized that atopy plays an important role in the development of chronic respiratory symptoms in children.OBJECTIVE: To examine the determinants and consequences of serum total and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in a general population sample of Québec children and adolescents.METHODS: In 1999, 2349 children and adolescents (nine, 13 or 16 years of age) who had participated in a respiratory symptom and disease questionnaire had their total IgE measured. Of these participants, a subsample of 451 children and adolescents was analyzed to detect antibodies to eight specific allergens (ie, allergens of dust mites [Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus], cat, dog, ragweed, Timothy grass, mould [alternaria] and cockroach).RESULTS: The geometric mean of the total IgE was 44.4 U/mL among all participants. Concentrations were higher in boys and increased with age. More than 41% of the participants were sensitized to at least one specific allergen. Such sensitization was strongly associated with the occurrence of respiratory conditions and symptoms, namely asthma, wheezing and rhinitis. Family history, school location and ethnic origin had an impact on the prevalence of atopy and total IgE levels.CONCLUSIONS: Allergic sensitization is a major determinant in the development of asthma, wheezing and rhinitis in children and adolescents in the province of Québec.

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BACK TO BASICS

Pediatrics in Review ◽

10.1542/pir.17.2.53 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 53-63

Author(s):

Karen Z. Voter ◽

John T. McBride

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Function ◽

Pulse Oximetry ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Respiratory Function ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Peak Flow ◽

Blood Gas Analysis ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Objective Measurements

Objective measurements of a wide variety of aspects of respiratory function can be useful in the evaluation and management of children and adolescents who have respiratory symptoms or disorders. Many of the tests described in this article can be performed reasonably in the pediatrician's office. Pediatricians can be comfortable in measuring and interpreting pulse oximetry, blood gas analysis, spirometry, and peak flow. They also should be familiar with the indications for the less common tests of pulmonary function that now are widely available.

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Psychological approaches to the management of respiratory symptoms in children and adolescents

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.prrv.2004.04.010 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 214-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Colin Powell ◽

Anna Brazier

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Respiratory Symptoms

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More complaints than findings - Long-term pulmonary function in children and adolescents after COVID-19

10.1101/2021.06.22.21259273 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Leona Knoke ◽

Anne Schlegtendal ◽

Christoph Maier ◽

Lynn Eitner ◽

Thomas Luecke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Function ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Severe Infection ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Diffusion Capacity ◽

Persistent Symptoms ◽

Abnormal Pulmonary Function

Background: The frequency of persistent symptoms after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults varies from 4.5% to 87%. Pulmonary function can also show long-term impairment in adults: 10% of hospitalised adults had reduced spirometry values, and 24% had decreased diffusion capacity. To date, only preliminary evidence is available on persistent respiratory sequelae in children and adolescents, therefore our objective was to examine the long-term effects of COVID-19 on pulmonary function in this age group. Methods: Multiple-breath washout, body plethysmography, and diffusion capacity testing were performed after an average of 2.6 months (range 0.4-6.0) following COVID-19 in 73 children and adolescents (age 5-18 years) with different disease severity. Cases were compared to 45 controls with and without infection within six months prior to assessment after exclusion of severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 infection (SARS-CoV-2). Results: Of the 19 patients (27.1%) who complained about persistent or newly emerged symptoms since COVID-19, 8 (11.4%) reported respiratory symptoms. Comparing patients with COVID-19 to controls, no significant differences were detected in frequency of abnormal pulmonary function (COVID-19: 12, 16.4%; controls: 12, 27.7%; OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.22-1.34). Only two patients with persistent respiratory symptoms showed abnormal pulmonary function. Multivariate analysis revealed reduced forced vital capacity (p=0.045) in patients with severe infection regardless of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Discussion: Pulmonary function is rarely impaired in children and adolescents after COVID-19, except of those with severe infection. The discrepancy between persistent respiratory symptoms and normal pulmonary function suggests a different underlying pathology such as dysfunctional breathing.

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CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH COVID-19: REPORT OF THE FIRST 115 CASES FROM SABARÁ HOSPITAL INFANTIL

Revista Paulista de Pediatria ◽

10.1590/1984-0462/2021/39/2020305 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Clara Rabha ◽

Francisco Ivanildo de Oliveira Junior ◽

Thales Araújo de Oliveira ◽

Regina Grigolli Cesar ◽

Giuliana Fongaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Nasal Discharge ◽

Hospitalized Children ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Airway Symptoms

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the clinical manifestations and severity of children and adolescents affected by COVID-19 treated at Sabará Hospital Infantil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective, and observational study. All cases of COVID-19 confirmed by RT-qPCR of patients seen at the hospital (emergency room, first-aid room, and ICU) were analyzed. The severity of the cases was classified according to the Chinese Consensus. Results: Among the 115 children included, a predominance of boys (57%) was verified, and the median age was two years. A total of 22 children were hospitalized, 12 in the ICU. Of the total, 26% had comorbidities with a predominance of asthma (13%). Fever, cough, and nasal discharge were the most frequent symptoms. Respiratory symptoms were reported by 58% of children and gastrointestinal symptoms, by 34%. Three children were asymptomatic, 81 (70%) had upper airway symptoms, 15 (13%) had mild pneumonia, and 16 (14%) had severe pneumonia. Hospitalized children were younger than non-hospitalized children (7 months vs. 36 months). In hospitalized patients, a higher frequency of irritability, dyspnea, drowsiness, respiratory distress, low oxygen saturation, and hepatomegaly was observed. Chest radiography was performed in 69 children with 45% of abnormal exams. No child required mechanical ventilation and there were no deaths. Conclusions: Most of children and adolescents affected by COVID-19 had mild upper airway symptoms. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 were more severe among younger children who exhibited gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms more frequently.

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