CME Exam: Emerging Systemic Therapeutic Biologics and Small Molecules for Atopic Dermatitis: How to Decide Which Treatment Is Right for Your Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1461
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Therapeutic Biologics

Emerging Systemic Therapeutic Biologics and Small Molecules for Atopic Dermatitis: How to Decide Which Treatment Is Right for Your Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1449-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Ahn ◽  
Erin E. Grinich ◽  
Yusung Choi ◽  
Emma Guttman-Yassky ◽  
Eric L. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Therapeutic Biologics

scholarly journals MicroRNA Cross-Involvement in Autism Spectrum Disorders and Atopic Dermatitis: A Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Tonacci ◽  
Gianluca Bagnato ◽  
Gianluca Pandolfo ◽  
Lucia Billeci ◽  
Francesco Sansone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Perspective ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Mrna Transcripts ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Common Pathogenesis

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a category of neurodevelopmental disturbances seriously affecting social skills, to which the scientific community has paid great attention in last decades. To date, their pathogenesis is still unknown, but several studies highlighted the relevance of gene-environment interactions in the onset of ASD. In addition, an immune involvement was seen in a wide number of ASD subjects, leading several researchers to hypothesize a possible common pathogenesis between ASD and immune disturbances, including Atopic Dermatitis (AD). In general, among potential contributing factors, microRNAs (miRNAs), small molecules capable of controlling gene expression and targeting mRNA transcripts, might represent one of the major circulating link, possibly unraveling the connections between neurodevelopmental and immune conditions. Under such premises, we conducted a systematic literature review, under the PRISMA guidelines, trying to define the panel of common miRNAs involved in both ASD and AD. The review retrieved articles published between January 1, 2005, and December 13, 2018, in PubMed, ScienceDirect, PsycARTICLES, and Google Scholar. We found a handful of works dealing with miRNAs in ASD and AD, with the most overlapping dysregulated miRNAs being miR-146 and miR-155. Two possible compounds are abnormally regulated in both ASD and AD subjects, possibly cross-contributing to the interactions between the two disorders, setting the basis to investigate more precisely the possible link between ASD and AD from another, not just clinical, perspective.

scholarly journals Explore the Underlying Mechanism Between Atopic Dermatitis and Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Yang ◽  
Xuehua Huang ◽  
Jiajun Xu ◽  
Mingjing Situ ◽  
Qingqing Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Functional Classes ◽  
Pathological Development

Adult patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) present relatively higher rates of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we first conducted a systematic literature-based data mining to identify entities linking AD and MDD, including proteins, cells, functional classes, and small molecules. Then we conducted an AD-RNA expression data-based mega-analysis to test the expression variance of the genes that were regulators of MDD. After that, a Fisher Exact test-based pathway enrichment analysis (PEA) was performed to explore the AD-driven MDD-genetic regulators’ functionality. We identified 22 AD-driven entities that were up-stream MDD regulators, including 11 genes, seven small molecules, three functional classes, and one cell. AD could exert a promoting effect on the development of MDD. Four of the 11 genes demonstrated significant expression changes in AD patients in favor of the development of MDD. PEA results showed that AD mainly drives cytokine/chemokine regulation and neuroinflammatory response-related pathways to influence the pathological development of MDD. Our results supported the promotion role of AD in the pathological development of MDD, including the regulation of multiple genetic regulators of MDD involved in cytokine/chemokine regulation and inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Short-Term Effectiveness and Safety of Biologics and Small Molecule Drugs for Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
José-Juan Pereyra-Rodriguez ◽  
Sara Alcantara-Luna ◽  
Javier Domínguez-Cruz ◽  
Manuel Galán-Gutiérrez ◽  
Ricardo Ruiz-Villaverde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Severe Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: Some Network Meta-analysis (NMA) has been published regarding atopic dermatitis (AD). These studies have considered drugs under investigation both in monotheraphy or in combination with topical corticosteroids, as well as systemic immunosuppressant therapies. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of biological agents and small molecules in AD. Methods: A systematic review and NMA of biologics agents and small molecules in AD was performed. A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for clinical trials and systematic reviews between January 2000 and 19 December 2020. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. It was limited to English language and adult human subjects. Two networks were evaluated: monotherapy and combination with TCS. The two primary outcomes were Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) 75 and EASI 90 change from baseline to week 12–16, depending on source study cut-off. The Cochrane’s Risk of Bias tool 2011 update was used to analyze the risk of bias, focused on the primary objectives. Results: 30 RCTs (included in 26 publications) were included in the systematic review. Finally, 23 RCTs were included in the quantitative analysis (14 RCTs including 3582 patients in monotherapy; and 9 RCTs including 3686 patients with TCS). In monotherapy, a higher percentage of patients achieving EASI-75 was obtained with Upadacitinib 30 mg [OR: 18.90 (13.94; 25.62)] followed by Abrocitinib 200 mg [OR = 11.26 (7.02; 18.05)] and Upadacitinib 15 mg [OR: 10.89 (8.13; 14.59)]. These results were also observed in studies where the use of topical corticosteroid (TCS) was allowed (OR Upadacitinib 30 mg = 9.43; OR Abrocitinib 200 mg = 6.12; OR Upadacitinib 15 mg = 5.20). Regarding IGA, the percentage of patients achieving IGA0/1 was higher with both doses of Upadacitinib 30 mg [OR: 19.13 (13.14; 27.85)] and 15 mg [OR = 10.95 (7.52; 15.94). In studies where the use of TCS were allowed, however, the dose of Abrocitinib 200 mg [OR = 6.10 (3.94; 9.44)] showed higher efficacy than Upadacitinib 15 mg [OR = 5.47 (3.57; 8.41)]. Regarding safety, the drugs with the highest probability of presenting adverse effects were the Janus kinases (JAK) inhibitors, Upadacitinib and Abrocitinib in monotherapy and Baricitinib in combination with TCS. Discussion: Some risks of bias have been found, which must be taken into account when interpreting the results. The funnel plot shows a possible publication bias that may underestimate the efficacy of drugs. Upadacitinib and Abrocitinib are the drugs with the highest efficacy, both in monotherapy and in association with TCS. However, they were also those associated with the highest risk of adverse effects, showing monoclonal antibodies better safety profile. Limitations: We have included molecules still in the development phase as well studies completed and presented at conferences and with data available in Trialsgov® but not published yet. Several molecules’ development had included a small number of patients from 12 to 17 years of age, without being able to differentiate the results from the adult population. Other: Founding: None. PROSPERO database registration number CRD42021225793.

New and Potential Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis: Biologicals and Small Molecules

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Sánchez-Borges ◽  
Arnaldo Capriles-Hulett ◽  
Jose Antonio Ortega-Martell ◽  
Ignacio Ansotegui Zubeldia
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Small Molecules

scholarly journals MicroRNA cross-involvement in Autism Spectrum Disorders and Atopic Dermatitis: a literature review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Tonacci ◽  
Gianluca Bagnato ◽  
Gianluca Pandolfo ◽  
Lucia Billeci ◽  
Francesco Sansone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Mrna Transcripts ◽  
Clinical Relationship ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disturbances affecting social skills, whose incidence worldwide is dramatically increasing. Together with the rise of ASD prevalence, several immune conditions are following the same trend, including Atopic Dermatitis (AD), with a possible clinical relationship with ASD. To date, their pathogenesis is still unknown, but several studies highlighted the relevance of gene-environment interactions to the onset of both disorders. Among potential contributing factors, microRNAs (miRNAs), small molecules capable of controlling gene expression and targeting mRNA transcripts, might represent one of the major circulating link, unraveling the connections between neurodevelopmental and immune conditions. We conducted a systematic literature review, under the PRISMA guidelines, trying to define the panel of common miRNAs involved in both ASD and AD. The review retrieved articles published until December 13, 2018, in PubMed, ScienceDirect, PsycARTICLES and Google Scholar. We found a handful works dealing with miRNAs in ASD and AD, with the most overlapping dysregulated miRNAs being miR-146 and miR-155. Two possible compounds are abnormally regulated in both ASD and AD subjects, possibly cross-contributing to the interactions between the two disorders, setting the basis to investigate more precisely the possible link between ASD and AD from another, not just clinical, perspective.

Future treatment options for atopic dermatitis – Small molecules and beyond

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Schäkel ◽  
Thomas Döbel ◽  
Ina Bosselmann
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Future Treatment

Oral small molecules for the treatment of atopic dermatitis: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pezhman Mobasher ◽  
Mehran Heydari Seradj ◽  
Jodie Raffi ◽  
Margit Juhasz ◽  
Natasha Atanaskova Mesinkovska
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Small Molecules
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