An increased interest in low temperature polymer thick film products has become apparent due to the rise of the printed electronics market. The specifications for these products are becoming more demanding with expectations that the low temperature products should perform at a level that is typically reserved for their high temperature counterparts; including solderability with lead free solders, high reliability and strong adhesion.
Traditionally, it has only been possible to use leaded solders for soldering to polymer based thick film conductors. Over the last 15 years environmental concerns and legislation have pushed the industry towards a lead free approach. The shift to lead free solders, while beneficial, provides new challenges during processing. The high temperatures required for a lead-free soldering process yield a naturally harsher environment for polymer thick film pastes. In the past these conditions have proven too harsh for the pastes to survive.
The polymer thick film discussed in this document aims to address some of these concerns for a highly reliable and easy to process polymer thick film paste. Due to the poor leaching characteristics of polymer thick films, at elevated temperatures, the predecessors of this paste typically soldered at low temperatures with leaded solders. The goal of this paper is to present a low temperature paste that is compatible with a variety of substrates and readily accepts lead-free solder.
This paper will discuss a newly formulated low temperature curing (150°C – 200°C) RoHS and REACH compliant paste that shows excellent solderability with SAC305 solder. The paste was evaluated using a dip soldering method at 235°C–250°C on a variety of substrates. The data presented includes solder acceptance, adhesion data, thermal analysis and SEM analysis.
Large room-temperature electrocaloric effect in lead-free BaHf Ti O3 ceramics under low electric field
