IC-P-110: INCREASED CEREBROVASCULAR LESIONS AND REDUCED CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW ARE INDEPENDENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH WHITE MATTER INTEGRITY IN COGNITIVELY INTACT ELDERLY: A MULTI-MODAL MRI STUDY

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. P61-P62
Author(s):  
Lisa C. Silbert ◽  
David Lahna ◽  
Nutta-on Promjunyakul ◽  
William D. Rooney ◽  
Deniz Erten-Lyons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Cerebrovascular Lesions ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Cognitively Intact

scholarly journals Normalization of Cerebral Blood Flow, Neurochemicals, and White Matter Integrity after Kidney Transplantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-187
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Lepping ◽  
Robert N. Montgomery ◽  
Palash Sharma ◽  
Jonathan D. Mahnken ◽  
Eric D. Vidoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Abnormalities ◽  
Post Transplant

BackgroundCKD is associated with abnormalities in cerebral blood flow, cerebral neurochemical concentrations, and white matter integrity. Each of these is associated with adverse clinical consequences in the non-CKD population, which may explain the high prevalence of dementia and stroke in ESKD. Because cognition improves after kidney transplantation, comparing these brain abnormalities before and after kidney transplantation may identify potential reversibility in ESKD-associated brain abnormalities.MethodsIn this study of patients with ESKD and age-matched healthy controls, we used arterial spin labeling to assess the effects of kidney transplantation on cerebral blood flow and magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging to measure cerebral neurochemical concentrations (N-acetylaspartate, choline, glutamate, glutamine, myo-inositol, and total creatine). We also assessed white matter integrity measured by fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) with diffusion tensor imaging. We used a linear mixed model analysis to compare longitudinal, repeated brain magnetic resonance imaging measurements before, 3 months after, and 12 months after transplantation and compared these findings with those of healthy controls.ResultsStudy participants included 29 patients with ESKD and 19 controls; 22 patients completed post-transplant magnetic resonance imaging. Cerebral blood flow, which was higher in patients pretransplant compared with controls (P=0.003), decreased post-transplant (P<0.001) to values in controls. Concentrations of neurochemicals choline and myo-inositol that were higher pretransplant compared with controls (P=0.001 and P<0.001, respectively) also normalized post-transplant (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). FA increased (P=0.001) and MD decreased (P<0.001) post-transplant.ConclusionsCertain brain abnormalities in CKD are reversible and normalize with kidney transplantation. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these brain abnormalities and to explore interventions to mitigate them even in patients who cannot be transplanted.Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:Cognitive Impairment and Imaging Correlates in End Stage Renal Disease, NCT01883349

scholarly journals Normalization of Cerebral Blood Flow, Neurochemicals, and White Matter Integrity After Kidney Transplantation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Lepping ◽  
Robert N. Montgomery ◽  
Palash Sharma ◽  
Jonathan D. Mahnken ◽  
Eric D. Vidoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Brain Abnormalities ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractBackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with abnormalities in cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral neurochemical concentrations and white matter integrity, each of which are associated with adverse clinical consequences in the non-CKD population, and may explain the high prevalence of dementia and stroke in end stage kidney disease (ESKD). Since cognition improves after kidney transplantation (KT), we examined these brain abnormalities pre-to post-KT to identify potential reversibility in ESKD-associated brain abnormalities.MethodsWe measured the effects of KT on CBF assessed by arterial spin labeling, cerebral neurochemical concentrations (N-acetylaspartate, choline, glutamate and glutamine, myoinositol and total creatine) measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging, and white matter integrity measured by fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) with diffusion tensor imaging. We used a linear mixed model analysis to compare longitudinal, repeated brain MRI measurements pre-KT, and 3 months and 12 months post-KT, and also compared findings with healthy controls.Results29 ESKD patients and 19 age-matched healthy controls participated in the study. 22 patients underwent post-KT MRI. CBF, which was higher pre-KT than in controls (p=0.003), decreased post-KT (p<0.0001) to values in controls. KT also normalized concentrations of osmotic neurochemicals choline (p<0.0001) and myo-inositol (p=0.0003) that were higher pre-KT compared to controls. Post-KT, FA increased (p=0.001) and MD decreased (p=0.0001).ConclusionsBrain abnormalities in CKD are reversible and normalize with KT. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these brain abnormalities and to explore interventions to mitigate them even in patients who cannot be transplanted.Significance statementKidney disease is accompanied by brain structural and physiological abnormalities and increased risk of dementia and stroke. Renal replacement therapy with dialysis does not normalize these brain abnormalities. We evaluated these brain abnormalities before and after kidney transplantation and demonstrated that unlike dialysis, kidney transplantation normalizes cerebral blood flow, neurochemical concentrations and white matter integrity. These changes persist beyond initial post-transplantation period and thus cannot be attributed to peri-procedural interventions like steroids. These results indicate reversibility of brain abnormalities in kidney disease. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these abnormalities and explore interventions for prevention and mitigation in patients who cannot be transplanted.

scholarly journals Acupuncture improves white matter perfusion and white matter integrity in vascular dementia rats: an MRI-based imaging study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siming Ma ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Xin-Tong Su ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
Lu-Lu Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Microglia Activation ◽  
White Matter Integrity

Abstract Background: White matter lesions induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) are common pathological changes, and are associated with cognitive impairment in vascular dementia (VaD). It has been reported that acupuncture can improve cognitive deficits of VaD rats through increasing cortical cerebral blood flow and attenuating neuroinflammation. However, the effects of acupuncture on white matter perfusion and white matter structural integrity have been not investigated. Methods: VaD was induced by bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (BCCAO) in Wistar rats. Morris water maze (MWM) was used to evaluated the spatial learning and memory of rats. Arterial spin labeling imaging (ASL) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed to measure the cerebral blood flow and white matter integrity in corpus callosum, external capsule, internal capsule, optic nerve and optic tract. Pathological staining was also applied to detect the myelin loss and neuroinflammation. Results: BCCAO rats with declined cerebral blood flow exhibited significant worse MWM performance, and altered DTI parameters including decreased fractional anisotropy, elevated radial diffusivity and axial diffusivity in white matter regions. After acupuncture treatment at GV20 and ST36, cognitive dysfunction, disruption of white matter perfusion and integrity were reversed. Pathological results supported that acupuncture could attenuate the loss of myelin sheath and microglia activation. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that acupuncture treatment protects cognitive impairment of BCCAO rats through increasing subcortical white matter perfusion and improving white matter lesions. Keywords: Acupuncture; ASL; DTI; cerebral blood flow; white matter; microglia activation

scholarly journals IC-P-076: Patterns of age-related reduced cerebral blood flow and diminished white matter integrity by high-field perfusion and diffusion MRI

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. S683-S683
Author(s):  
Norbert Schuff ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Antao Du ◽  
Susanne Mueller ◽  
Jennifer Hlavin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Mri ◽  
High Field ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Diffusion

scholarly journals A Dietary Treatment Improves Cerebral Blood Flow and Brain Connectivity in Aging apoE4 Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Wiesmann ◽  
Valerio Zerbi ◽  
Diane Jansen ◽  
Roy Haast ◽  
Dieter Lütjohann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Brain Structure And Function

APOEε4 (apoE4) polymorphism is the main genetic determinant of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A dietary approach (Fortasyn) including docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, uridine, choline, phospholipids, folic acid, vitamins B12, B6, C, and E, and selenium has been proposed for dietary management of AD. We hypothesize that the diet could inhibit AD-like pathologies in apoE4 mice, specifically cerebrovascular and connectivity impairment. Moreover, we evaluated the diet effect on cerebral blood flow (CBF), functional connectivity (FC), gray/white matter integrity, and postsynaptic density in aging apoE4 mice. At 10–12 months, apoE4 mice did not display prominent pathological differences compared to wild-type (WT) mice. However, 16–18-month-old apoE4 mice revealed reduced CBF and accelerated synaptic loss. The diet increased cortical CBF and amount of synapses and improved white matter integrity and FC in both aging apoE4 and WT mice. We demonstrated that protective mechanisms on vascular and synapse health are enhanced by Fortasyn, independent of apoE genotype. We further showed the efficacy of a multimodal translational approach, including advanced MR neuroimaging, to study dietary intervention on brain structure and function in aging.

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