Corneal Confocal Microscopy Detects Progressive Nerve Fibre Loss over 2 Years in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. S15
Author(s):  
Heidi Virtanen ◽  
Andrei S. Nastase ◽  
Kenneth Romanchuk ◽  
Jean K. Mah ◽  
Alberto Nettel-Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Nerve Fibre ◽  
Corneal Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Fibre Loss

Corneal confocal microscopy identifies a reduction in corneal keratocyte density and sub-basal nerves in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2021-319057
Author(s):  
Hoda Gad ◽  
Bara Al-Jarrah ◽  
Saras Saraswathi ◽  
Sara Mohamed ◽  
Alise Kalteniece ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Nerve Fibre ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Corneal Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Corneal Nerve ◽  
Keratocyte Density

PurposeTo assess whether alterations in stromal keratocyte density are related to loss of corneal nerve fibres in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).MethodsTwenty participants with T1DM and 20 age-matched healthy controls underwent corneal confocal microscopy. Corneal sub-basal nerve morphology and corneal keratocyte density (KD) were quantified.ResultsCorneal nerve fibre density (CNFD) (p<0.001), corneal nerve branch density (p<0.001), corneal nerve fibre length (CNFL) (p<0.001) and inferior whorl length (IWL) (p<0.001) were lower in children with T1DM compared with healthy controls. Anterior (p<0.03) and mid (p=0.03) stromal KDs were lower with no difference in posterior KD (PKD) in children with T1DM compared with controls. Age, duration of diabetes, height, weight and body mass index did not correlate with anterior (AKD), mid (MKD) or PKD. Inverse correlations were found between glycated haemoglobin and PKD (r=−0.539, p=0.026), bilirubin with MKD (r=−0.540, p=0.025) and PKD (r=−0.531, p=0.028) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol with MKD (r=−0.583, p=0.018). CNFD, CNFL and IWL did not correlate with AKD, MKD or PKD.ConclusionThis study demonstrates a reduction in corneal nerves and anterior and mid stromal KD in children with T1DM, but no correlation between corneal nerve and keratocyte cell loss.

scholarly journals Corneal Confocal Microscopy Detects Early Nerve Regeneration After Pancreas Transplantation in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 2608-2612 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mehra ◽  
M. Tavakoli ◽  
P. A. Kallinikos ◽  
N. Efron ◽  
A. J.M. Boulton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Pancreas Transplantation ◽  
Corneal Confocal Microscopy

scholarly journals Corneal confocal microscopy best identifies the development and progression of neuropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1325-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Edwards ◽  
Nicola Pritchard ◽  
Cirous Dehghani ◽  
Dimitrios Vagenas ◽  
Anthony Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Corneal Confocal Microscopy

scholarly journals Corneal Confocal Microscopy Detects Neuropathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes without Retinopathy or Microalbuminuria

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e0123517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis N. Petropoulos ◽  
Patrick Green ◽  
Agnes W. S. Chan ◽  
Uazman Alam ◽  
Hassan Fadavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Corneal Confocal Microscopy

In Vivo Corneal Confocal Microscopy and Prediction of Future-Incident Neuropathy in Type 1 Diabetes: A Preliminary Longitudinal Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 390-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif E. Lovblom ◽  
Elise M. Halpern ◽  
Tong Wu ◽  
Dylan Kelly ◽  
Ausma Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Corneal Confocal Microscopy

scholarly journals Corneal confocal microscopy identifies corneal nerve fibre loss and increased dendritic cells in patients with long COVID

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2021-319450
Author(s):  
Gulfidan Bitirgen ◽  
Celalettin Korkmaz ◽  
Adil Zamani ◽  
Ahmet Ozkagnici ◽  
Nazmi Zengin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Nerve Fibre ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Nerve Branch ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corneal Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Corneal Nerve ◽  
Fibre Loss

Background/AimsLong COVID is characterised by a range of potentially debilitating symptoms which develop in at least 10% of people who have recovered from acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study has quantified corneal sub-basal nerve plexus morphology and dendritic cell (DC) density in patients with and without long COVID.MethodsForty subjects who had recovered from COVID-19 and 30 control participants were included in this cross-sectional comparative study undertaken at a university hospital. All patients underwent assessment with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) long COVID, Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) and Fibromyalgia questionnaires, and corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) to quantify corneal nerve fibre density (CNFD), corneal nerve branch density (CNBD), corneal nerve fibre length (CNFL), and total, mature and immature DC density.ResultsThe mean time after the diagnosis of COVID-19 was 3.7±1.5 months. Patients with neurological symptoms 4 weeks after acute COVID-19 had a lower CNFD (p=0.032), CNBD (p=0.020), and CNFL (p=0.012), and increased DC density (p=0.046) compared with controls, while patients without neurological symptoms had comparable corneal nerve parameters, but increased DC density (p=0.003). There were significant correlations between the total score on the NICE long COVID questionnaire at 4 and 12 weeks with CNFD (ρ=−0.436; p=0.005, ρ=−0.387; p=0.038, respectively) and CNFL (ρ=−0.404; p=0.010, ρ=−0.412; p=0.026, respectively).ConclusionCorneal confocal microscopy identifies corneal small nerve fibre loss and increased DCs in patients with long COVID, especially those with neurological symptoms. CCM could be used to objectively identify patients with long COVID.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of neuropathy and risk factors for corneal nerve loss in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A corneal confocal microscopy study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ferdousi ◽  
Alise Kalteniece ◽  
Shazli Azmi ◽  
Ioannis N Petropoulos ◽  
Georgios Ponirakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Nerve Fibre ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Corneal Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Corneal Nerve

<b>Purpose: </b>To assess the diagnostic utility of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and the risk factors for corneal nerve loss. <p><b>Methods: </b>490 participants including 72 healthy controls, 149 with type 1 diabetes and 269 with type 2 diabetes underwent detailed assessment of peripheral neuropathy and CCM in relation to risk factors.</p> <p><b>Results: </b>Corneal nerve fibre density (CNFD) (P<0.0001, P<0.0001), branch density (CNBD) (P<0.0001, P<0.0001) and length (CNFL) (P<0.0001, P=0.02) were significantly lower in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, compared to controls. CNFD (P<0.0001), CNBD (P<0.0001) and CNFL (P<0.0001) were lower in type 1 diabetes compared to type 2 diabetes. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis for the diagnosis of DPN demonstrated a good area under the curve (AUC) for CNFD=0.81, CNBD=0.74 and CNFL=0.73. Multivariable regression analysis showed a significant association between reduced corneal nerve fibre length with age (β=-0.27, P=0.007), HbA1c (β=-1.1, P=0.01) and weight (β=-0.14, P=0.03) in patients with type 2 diabetes and with duration of diabetes (β=-0.13, P=0.02), LDL cholesterol (β=1.8, P=0.04), and triglycerides (β=-2.87, P=0.009) in patients with type 1 diabetes. </p> <b>Conclusion: </b>CCM identifies more severe corneal nerve loss in patients with type 1 compared to type 2 diabetes and shows good diagnostic accuracy for DPN. Furthermore, the risk factors for a reduction in corneal nerve fibre length differ between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

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