Endovascular stenting for end-stage lung cancer patients with superior vena cava syndrome post first-line treatments – A single-center experience and literature review

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) comprises a constellation of symptoms resulting from stenosis, occlusion, or thrombosis of the SVC of benign and malignant etiologies. The diagnosis is most commonly seen with thoracic malignancies, with primary lung cancer accounting for up to 70% of cases. Up to 4% of lung cancer patients present with SVCS at the time of diagnosis, and many more develop it at a later time. In younger patients with SVCS, lymphoma is commonly responsible. Recently, there has been a rise in benign SVCS secondary to the increased use of central venous catheters and pacemakers. Endovascular stenting of the SVC for SVCS has been described for more than 25 years and is now the first-line treatment of choice for benign and malignant SVCS. This chapter describes the use of the Endologix AFX AAA system for the treatment of SVCS.

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487 Short-fractionation radiotherapy for superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) in 148 lung cancer patients (pts)

Lung Cancer ◽

10.1016/s0169-5002(97)89867-4 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

pp. 125 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J.B. Sørensen ◽

L.E. Stenbygaard ◽

J. Dahlberg ◽

S.A. Engelholm

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Superior Vena Cava ◽

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ◽

Superior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Vena Cava Syndrome ◽

Short Fractionation

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Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) in lung cancer patients: A multivariate analysis of clinical data

Lung Cancer ◽

10.1016/s0169-5002(00)80410-9 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

S.J Martins ◽

J.R Pereira ◽

F.K Ikari ◽

S.M Nikaedo

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Superior Vena Cava ◽

Clinical Data ◽

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ◽

Superior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Vena Cava Syndrome

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A review of endovascular stenting for superior vena cava syndrome in fibrosing mediastinitis

Vascular Medicine ◽

10.1177/1358863x19884130 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 174-183

Author(s):

Himanshu Deshwal ◽

Subha Ghosh ◽

Karen Magruder ◽

John R Bartholomew ◽

Jennifer Montgomery ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Superior Vena Cava ◽

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ◽

Superior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Endovascular Stenting ◽

Fibrosing Mediastinitis ◽

First Line Therapy ◽

Svc Syndrome ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Vena Cava Syndrome

Fibrosing mediastinitis (FM) is a rare disorder of inflammation and fibrosis involving the mediastinum. The formation of fibroinflammatory mass in the mediastinum can lead to obstruction of mediastinal structures and cause severe debilitating and life-threatening symptoms. Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a dreaded complication of FM with no medical therapy proven to be efficacious. Spiral vein grafting has long been utilized as first-line therapy for SVC syndrome due to FM. Endovascular repair with stents and angioplasty for malignant causes of SVC syndrome is well established. However, there are limited data on their utility in SVC syndrome due to FM. We present two cases of SVC syndrome due to FM treated with endovascular stenting and a detailed review of current literature on its utility in SVCS due to benign causes.

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Use of transoesophageal echocardiography in endovascular stenting for superior vena cava syndrome

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2013-010356 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 (aug30 1) ◽

pp. bcr2013010356-bcr2013010356

Author(s):

F. Nasser ◽

R. N. Cavalcante ◽

F. L. Galastri ◽

B. B. Affonso

Keyword(s):

Superior Vena Cava ◽

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ◽

Superior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Transoesophageal Echocardiography ◽

Endovascular Stenting ◽

Vena Cava Syndrome

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Sequential Treatment of Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Caused by of Non-small Cell Carcinoma Lung Cancer (NSCLC) with Vascular Stenting and Iodine-125 Implantation

Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment ◽

10.1177/153303460900800405 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 281-287 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lianxiang Xiao ◽

Zhenjia Li ◽

Lebin Wu ◽

Zengtao Sun ◽

Xianghong Yu

Keyword(s):

Superior Vena Cava ◽

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ◽

Superior Vena ◽

Symptom Relief ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Sequential Treatment ◽

Endovascular Stenting ◽

Ct Guided ◽

Vena Cava Syndrome ◽

Iodine 125

Feasibility and efficacy of sequentially performed endovascular stenting and Iodine-125 brachytherapy for malignant superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) were evaluated. Thirty-four patients with malignant SVCS caused by NSCLC underwent sequential treatment of endovascular stenting and Iodine-125 brachytherapy. SVCS was diagnosed in all patients by CT images or vena-cavography. Pathology diagnosis was acquired by image guided biopsy. Endovascular stent placement was performed as first-line treatment for symptom relief. CT-guided Iodine-125 seed implantation performed 24hr after stenting. Clinical end points were resolution of symptoms and local efficacy of primary malignancy regression. Symptom relief rate was >90% after 24hr and 97% after 3 months. No migration of seeds or restenosis occurred in any patient. The local efficacy (defined as either partial or complete response) was 53%, 79%, 88% and 74% after 1, 3, 6 and 12months, respectively. Mean SVCS-free survival time was 305 days (range 120–960 days). Two patients were still alive at the time of this writing, Thirty-one died from progression and one died from acute heart disease. Sequentially performed endovascular stenting and Iodine-125 brachytherapy provides a safe and effective alternative for malignant SVCS caused by NSCLC.

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