Associated injuries in pediatric patients with facial fractures in Portugal: Analysis of 1416 patients

AbstractThis study aimed to define better the clinical presentation, fracture patterns, and features predictive of associated injuries and need for surgery in pediatric facial trauma patients in an urban setting. Charts of patients 18 years or younger with International Classification of Disease 9th and 10th revision (ICD-9/ICD-10) codes specific for facial fractures (excluding isolated nasal fractures) at NY-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center between 2008 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Of 204 patients, most were referred to the emergency department by a physician's office or self-presented. Children (age 0–6 years) were most likely to have been injured by falls, while more patients 7 to 12 years and 13 to 18 years were injured during sporting activities (p < 0.0001). Roughly half (50.5%) of the patients had a single fracture, and the likelihood of surgery increased with greater numbers of fractures. Older patients with either orbital or mandibular fractures were more likely to undergo surgery than younger ones (p = 0.0048 and p = 0.0053, respectively). Cranial bone fractures, CSF leaks, and intracranial injuries were more common in younger patients (p < 0.0001) than older patients and were more likely after high energy injuries; however, 16.2% of patients sustaining low energy injuries also sustained cranial bone, CSF leak, or intracranial injury. In an urban environment, significant pediatric facial fractures and associated injuries may occur after nonclassic low kinetic energy traumatic events. The age of the patient impacts both the injuries sustained and the treatment rendered. It is essential to maintain a high index of suspicion for associated injuries in all pediatric facial trauma patients.

Download Full-text

Facial fractures and associated injuries in high- versus low-energy trauma: all are not created equal

Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ◽

10.1186/s40902-020-00264-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cameron St. Hilaire ◽

Arianne Johnson ◽

Caitlin Loseth ◽

Hamid Alipour ◽

Nick Faunce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Energy ◽

Associated Injuries ◽

Facial Fractures

Download Full-text

A Nationwide Study of Skiing and Snowboarding-Related Facial Trauma

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction ◽

10.1177/1943387521997237 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 194338752199723 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thomas J. Sorenson ◽

Vedant Borad ◽

Warren Schubert

Keyword(s):

Surveillance System ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Facial Trauma ◽

Facial Fractures ◽

Facial Fracture ◽

Cold Winter ◽

Injury Surveillance System ◽

Weighted Estimates ◽

Patient Demographics ◽

The Us

Study Design: Retrospective descriptive observational study. Purpose: Skiing and snowboarding offers valuable opportunities for outdoor physical activity throughout the cold winter months, but these activities can result in substantial personally injury. This study aimed to analyze trends in skiing and snowboarding-related facial trauma epidemiology. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for facial trauma related to skiing and snowboarding treated in United States (US) emergency departments between 2010 and 2019. These data and weighted estimates were used to analyze patient demographics, injury location, and etiology. Results: A total of 361 skiing or snowboarding-related facial injuries were recorded. Lacerations were most common injury (165/361; 45.7%), and facial fractures occurred in 21.6% (78/261) of patients. The most common facial fracture locations are the nose (38/78; 48.7%), orbit (17/78; 21.8%), and mandible (15/78; 19.2%). Pediatric patients accounted for 52% (187/361) of these injuries and had higher rates of lacerations (51.9% vs 39.1%, P < 0.05) and hospital admission (4.8% vs 1.15%, P < 0.05) than adults. Adults had a higher rate of facial fracture (30% vs 13.9%, P < 0.001) than children. Conclusions: Skiing and snowboarding-related facial trauma is relatively uncommon in the US. In general, these injuries are largely decreasing, but facial fractures still occur not infrequently during these activities. Based on our data, we strongly urge helmet manufacturers to increase the availability of recreational snowsport helmets that include nose, orbit, and mandible protections, which could help to prevent many of these injuries.

Download Full-text

Associated Injuries Related to Patients With Facial Fractures

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction ◽

10.1177/19433875211069024 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 194338752110690

Author(s):

Rajarshi Ghosh ◽

Kulandaswamy Gopalkrishnan

Keyword(s):

Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

Clavicle Fracture ◽

The Body ◽

Spine Injury ◽

Associated Injuries ◽

Facial Fractures ◽

Facial Fracture ◽

Fracture Management ◽

Type Of Injury ◽

Prompt Diagnosis

Purpose To find out the incidence, type, and severity of injuries in other parts of the body in patients diagnosed with facial fractures. The study also analyzed any correlation between these injuries and facial fractures. Material & Methods A retrospective study of 991 patients with facial fractures during the period of 2006-2016. Results 111 patients reported associated injuries (11.1%). The most common type of injury was limb injury (33.33%), followed by head injury (22.5%), clavicle fracture (14.7%), rib fracture (10.9%), cervical spine injury (5.4%), and other injuries constituted (13.2%). Multiple associated injuries were observed in 14% of patients. Conclusion The findings show that facial fracture management is a multidisciplinary approach. Prompt diagnosis and proper management are important to reduce the mortality rate and improve the prognosis of the patient.

Download Full-text

Associated injuries in facial fractures: review of 839 patients

British Journal of Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1016/0007-1226(93)90191-d ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 46 (8) ◽

pp. 635-638 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

L.H. Lim ◽

L.K. Lam ◽

M.H. Moore ◽

J.A. Trott ◽

D.J. David

Keyword(s):

Associated Injuries ◽

Facial Fractures

Download Full-text

Dental Injuries in Pediatric Patients With Facial Fractures Are Frequent and Severe

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.joms.2011.08.035 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 396-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Petri Iso-Kungas ◽

Jyrki Törnwall ◽

Anna Liisa Suominen ◽

Christian Lindqvist ◽

Hanna Thorén

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Facial Fractures ◽

Dental Injuries

Download Full-text

Associated injuries in patients with facial fractures: a review of 604 patients

Pan African Medical Journal ◽

10.11604/pamj.2013.16.119.3379 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Rasmané Béogo ◽

Patrick Dakouré ◽

Léon Blaise Savadogo ◽

Antoine Toua Coulibaly ◽

Kampadilemba Ouoba

Keyword(s):

Associated Injuries ◽

Facial Fractures

Download Full-text

Complications in Pediatric Facial Fractures

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction ◽

10.1055/s-0029-1215873 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 103-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Mimi T. Chao ◽

Joseph E. Losee

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Facial Fractures ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Subsequent Growth ◽

True Incidence ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Serious Injuries ◽

Long Term Studies

Despite recent advances in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pediatric facial fractures, little has been published on the complications of these fractures. The existing literature is highly variable regarding both the definition and the reporting of adverse events. Although the incidence of pediatric facial fractures is relative low, they are strongly associated with other serious injuries. Both the fractures and their treatment may have long-term consequence on growth and development of the immature face. This article is a selective review of the literature on facial fracture complications with special emphasis on the complications unique to pediatric patients. We also present our classification system to evaluate adverse outcomes associated with pediatric facial fractures. Prospective, long-term studies are needed to fully understand and appreciate the complexity of treating children with facial fractures and determining the true incidence, subsequent growth, and nature of their complications.

Download Full-text