Associated Injuries Related to Patients With Facial Fractures

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction ◽

10.1177/19433875211069024 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 194338752110690

Author(s):

Rajarshi Ghosh ◽

Kulandaswamy Gopalkrishnan

Keyword(s):

Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

Clavicle Fracture ◽

The Body ◽

Spine Injury ◽

Associated Injuries ◽

Facial Fractures ◽

Facial Fracture ◽

Fracture Management ◽

Type Of Injury ◽

Prompt Diagnosis

Purpose To find out the incidence, type, and severity of injuries in other parts of the body in patients diagnosed with facial fractures. The study also analyzed any correlation between these injuries and facial fractures. Material & Methods A retrospective study of 991 patients with facial fractures during the period of 2006-2016. Results 111 patients reported associated injuries (11.1%). The most common type of injury was limb injury (33.33%), followed by head injury (22.5%), clavicle fracture (14.7%), rib fracture (10.9%), cervical spine injury (5.4%), and other injuries constituted (13.2%). Multiple associated injuries were observed in 14% of patients. Conclusion The findings show that facial fracture management is a multidisciplinary approach. Prompt diagnosis and proper management are important to reduce the mortality rate and improve the prognosis of the patient.

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Facial Fractures and Mixed Dentition – What Are the Implications of Dentition Status in Pediatric Facial Fracture Management?

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery ◽

10.1097/scs.0000000000007424 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽

Author(s):

Ryan S. Berlin ◽

Margaret M. Dalena ◽

Nicholas C. Oleck ◽

Jordan N. Halsey ◽

Margaret Luthringer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mixed Dentition ◽

Facial Fractures ◽

Facial Fracture ◽

Fracture Management

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Managing the Pediatric Facial Fracture

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction ◽

10.1055/s-0029-1202592 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 77-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Patrick Cole ◽

Yoav Kaufman ◽

Larry H. Hollier

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Population ◽

Facial Fractures ◽

Facial Fracture ◽

Diagnosis And Management ◽

Fracture Management ◽

Significant Factors

Facial fracture management is often complex and demanding, particularly within the pediatric population. Although facial fractures in this group are uncommon relative to their incidence in adult counterparts, a thorough understanding of issues relevant to pediatric facial fracture management is critical to optimal long-term success. Here, we discuss several issues germane to pediatric facial fractures and review significant factors in their evaluation, diagnosis, and management.

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Facial Fractures: Associated Injuries and Complications

Canadian Journal of Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1177/229255039300100403 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 160-165

Author(s):

J Grant Thomson ◽

Harvey C Brown ◽

Rea A Brown ◽

David M Fleiszer

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

High Velocity ◽

Mechanism Of Injury ◽

Associated Injuries ◽

Seat Belts ◽

Facial Fractures ◽

Facial Fracture ◽

Low Velocity ◽

Severity Of Injury ◽

Trauma Score

JG Thomson, HC Brown, RA Brown, DM Fleiszer. Facial fractures: Associated injuries and complications. Can J Plast Surg 1994;1(4):160-165. The forces necessary to produce a facial fracture are often high enough to cause other severe, life-threatening injuries. Despite this knowledge, little is known about the frequency or nature of these injuries. A retrospective chart review was performed on 162 facial fracture patients for associated injuries and complications. These patients were divided into high velocity (n=95) and low-velocity (n=67) groups based on the mechanism of injury, and were compared with a group of 346 multiple trauma patients who did not sustain any facial fracture. Those patients involved in high-velocity accidents had a significantly higher proportion of multiple facial fractures (40%), presence of associated injury (84%), complication rate (38%), mortality rate (9.5%), mean hospital stay (45 days), and mean trauma score (20.1±1.3) when compared with patients in low-velocity accidents (10%, 12%, 10%, 4.3 days and 4.7±0.6, respectively). Although high-G facial bone fractures were more frequent in high-velocity accidents, high-G fractures were not an independent indicator of the severity of injury as measured by the trauma score. The most significant indicator of severity of injury was the mechanism of injury. Pulmonary (15%), cerebral (11 %), septic (7%), abdominal (7%) and cardiac (2%) complications after high-velocity injuries were more frequent than previously reported. Although cervical spine injury has traditionally been associated with facial fractures, the results of this study demonstrated that spinal injury can occur at any vertebral level, and was equal in frequency in patients with and without facial fractures. Statistical analysis of occupant restraint revealed that there was no significant difference between the numbers of patients wearing their seat belts (11) and those not using them (12), the proportions with high-G, low-G, or multiple facial fractures, the incidence of head injury or other associated injuries, the trauma score, and the times spent in the surgical intensive care unit and hospital. Although the lack of significance is probably attributable to the low documentation of seat belt use, the question of the efficacy of seat belts in preventing facial fractures and associated injuries is raised. Patients with facial fractures had a significantly higher mean trauma score (27.9±1.4) and incidence of head injury (54%) compared with patients without facial fractures (23.2±0.7 and 11%, respectively). The surgical treatment of this group of facial fracture patients was analyzed.

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Injury Patterns in Pediatric Facial Fractures Unique to an Urban Environment

Facial Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1724121 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anthony P. Sclafani ◽

Matthew Scott Sclafani ◽

Sallie Long ◽

Tasher Losenegger ◽

Daniel Spielman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Environment ◽

Older Patients ◽

High Energy ◽

Urban Setting ◽

Cranial Bone ◽

Csf Leak ◽

Facial Trauma ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Associated Injuries ◽

Facial Fractures

AbstractThis study aimed to define better the clinical presentation, fracture patterns, and features predictive of associated injuries and need for surgery in pediatric facial trauma patients in an urban setting. Charts of patients 18 years or younger with International Classification of Disease 9th and 10th revision (ICD-9/ICD-10) codes specific for facial fractures (excluding isolated nasal fractures) at NY-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center between 2008 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Of 204 patients, most were referred to the emergency department by a physician's office or self-presented. Children (age 0–6 years) were most likely to have been injured by falls, while more patients 7 to 12 years and 13 to 18 years were injured during sporting activities (p < 0.0001). Roughly half (50.5%) of the patients had a single fracture, and the likelihood of surgery increased with greater numbers of fractures. Older patients with either orbital or mandibular fractures were more likely to undergo surgery than younger ones (p = 0.0048 and p = 0.0053, respectively). Cranial bone fractures, CSF leaks, and intracranial injuries were more common in younger patients (p < 0.0001) than older patients and were more likely after high energy injuries; however, 16.2% of patients sustaining low energy injuries also sustained cranial bone, CSF leak, or intracranial injury. In an urban environment, significant pediatric facial fractures and associated injuries may occur after nonclassic low kinetic energy traumatic events. The age of the patient impacts both the injuries sustained and the treatment rendered. It is essential to maintain a high index of suspicion for associated injuries in all pediatric facial trauma patients.

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Facial fractures and associated injuries in high- versus low-energy trauma: all are not created equal

Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ◽

10.1186/s40902-020-00264-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cameron St. Hilaire ◽

Arianne Johnson ◽

Caitlin Loseth ◽

Hamid Alipour ◽

Nick Faunce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Energy ◽

Associated Injuries ◽

Facial Fractures

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A Nationwide Study of Skiing and Snowboarding-Related Facial Trauma

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction ◽

10.1177/1943387521997237 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 194338752199723 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thomas J. Sorenson ◽

Vedant Borad ◽

Warren Schubert

Keyword(s):

Surveillance System ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Facial Trauma ◽

Facial Fractures ◽

Facial Fracture ◽

Cold Winter ◽

Injury Surveillance System ◽

Weighted Estimates ◽

Patient Demographics ◽

The Us

Study Design: Retrospective descriptive observational study. Purpose: Skiing and snowboarding offers valuable opportunities for outdoor physical activity throughout the cold winter months, but these activities can result in substantial personally injury. This study aimed to analyze trends in skiing and snowboarding-related facial trauma epidemiology. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for facial trauma related to skiing and snowboarding treated in United States (US) emergency departments between 2010 and 2019. These data and weighted estimates were used to analyze patient demographics, injury location, and etiology. Results: A total of 361 skiing or snowboarding-related facial injuries were recorded. Lacerations were most common injury (165/361; 45.7%), and facial fractures occurred in 21.6% (78/261) of patients. The most common facial fracture locations are the nose (38/78; 48.7%), orbit (17/78; 21.8%), and mandible (15/78; 19.2%). Pediatric patients accounted for 52% (187/361) of these injuries and had higher rates of lacerations (51.9% vs 39.1%, P < 0.05) and hospital admission (4.8% vs 1.15%, P < 0.05) than adults. Adults had a higher rate of facial fracture (30% vs 13.9%, P < 0.001) than children. Conclusions: Skiing and snowboarding-related facial trauma is relatively uncommon in the US. In general, these injuries are largely decreasing, but facial fractures still occur not infrequently during these activities. Based on our data, we strongly urge helmet manufacturers to increase the availability of recreational snowsport helmets that include nose, orbit, and mandible protections, which could help to prevent many of these injuries.

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Nutritional Optic Neuropathies: State of the Art and Emerging Evidences

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12092653 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2653

Author(s):

Matilde Roda ◽

Natalie di Geronimo ◽

Marco Pellegrini ◽

Costantino Schiavi

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Optic Neuropathy ◽

Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Scientific Interest ◽

Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽

Prompt Diagnosis

Nutritional optic neuropathy is a cause of bilateral, symmetrical, and progressive visual impairment with loss of central visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, dyschromatopsia, and a central or centrocecal scotoma. The clinical features are not pathognomonic, since hereditary and toxic forms share similar signs and symptoms. It is becoming increasingly common due to the widespread of bariatric surgery and strict vegetarian or vegan diets, so even the scientific interest has recently increased. In particular, recent studies have focused on possible pathogenetic mechanisms, and on novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in order to prevent the onset, make a prompt diagnosis and an accurate nutritional supplementation, and to avoid irreversible optic nerve atrophy. Nowadays, there is clear evidence of the role of cobalamin, folic acid, thiamine, and copper, whereas further studies are needed to define the role of niacin, riboflavin, and pyridoxine. This review aims to summarize the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of nutritional optic neuropathy, and it is addressed not only to ophthalmologists, but to all physicians who could come in contact with a patient with a possible nutritional optic neuropathy, being a fundamental multidisciplinary approach.

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Study of Traumatic Brain Injury Due To Recent Earthquake in Manipal Teaching Hospital

Nepal Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.3126/njn.v12i2.15895 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 63-66

Author(s):

Bal G Karmacharya ◽

Brijesh Sathian

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Head Injury ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Brain Injuries ◽

Injury Severity ◽

Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽

The Body ◽

Mild Head Injury ◽

Associated Injuries

The objective of this study was to review the demographics, causes injury, severity, treatment and outcome of traumatic brain injuries in victims of the April 2015 earthquake who were admitted in Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara. A total of 37 patients was admitted under Neurosurgery Services. Collapse of buildings was the commonest cause of head injury. The majority of them had mild head injury. Associated injuries to other parts of the body were present in 40.54% patients.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:63-66, 2015

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Comparative Study of Conservative Vs Surgical Management of Clavicle Fractures

Galore International Journal of Health Sciences and Research ◽

10.52403/gijhsr.20210101 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Vivek Phanswal

Keyword(s):

Functional Outcome ◽

Surgical Management ◽

Clavicle Fracture ◽

Delayed Fracture ◽

Non Union ◽

Conservative Group ◽

Excellent Outcome ◽

Fracture Management ◽

Clavicle Fractures ◽

Radiological Union

Background: Clavicle Fractures is one of the common fractures of upper limb accounting for approximately 40 % of all shoulder fractures. Till recently all clavicle fracture were treated conservatively, but now interest in surgical management is rising. This study was carried out to see if Surgical management outweighs the conservative treatment of Fractures Of Clavicle. Methods: A total of 40 cases satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Alternate patients were allocated to operative and conservation groups. In total 20 patients were operated operatively and 20 patients were treated conservatively. Outcome was analysed in terms of radiological union and functional outcome of the patient. Constant and Murley score was used as a score to evaluate final outcome. Results: In this study, the 20 patients who were operated upon had an average union time of 7.8 weeks; 1 patient had delayed fracture union by 12 wks. 20 patients in conservative group had normal union of fractures with 1 patient going into non-union. Average union time in the conservative group was 9.4 weeks, which was more than the 7.8 weeks seen in the group treated operatively. Mal-union was present in 7 of the 20 patients treated conservatively, and 5 of these 7 had a visible deformity. Out of these patients with mal-union 1 had poor functional outcome, 3 had good to excellent outcome and 3 had satisfactory functional outcome. 4 of these had restricted movements terminally and 2 had pain on movement. Conclusions: From our study based on patients of clavicle fractures, it can be concluded that the operative group had significantly higher excellent outcomes as compared to the conservatively- managed group, based on the Constant and Murley score. Keywords: Clavicle Fractures, Constant and Murley Score, Operative Clavicle Fracture Management, Clavicle Fracture Functional Outcome.

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