Thermodynamic equilibrium constants for important isosaccharinate reactions: A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanpat Rai ◽  
Akira Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Constants

The sorption of krypton and xenon in zeolites at high pressures and temperatures I. Chabazite

1972 ◽  
Vol 326 (1566) ◽  
pp. 315-330 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Standard State ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Thermodynamic Relationship ◽  
High Pressures And Temperatures

Isotherms of Kr and Xe in chabazite have been obtained for absolute sorption and for Gibbs excess sorption, in the temperature range 150 to 450 °C and at pressures up to 100 atm. Thermodynamic equilibrium constants for distribution of gas between the crystals and the gas phase, standard state concentrations and heats of sorption have been determined. At the highest pressures differences between absolute sorption and Gibbs excess sorption were large. The change of equilibrium fugacity with temperature for given absolute and Gibbs excess sorptions yielded two differential heats of sorption and two differential entropies of the sorbate. These heats, and the corresponding entropies, differed numerically and in their dependence upon amount sorbed. The thermodynamic relationship between the two heats has been derived and discussed.

scholarly journals Beiträge zur Chemie des Phosphors, 139 [1] Triethyl-cyclotriphosphan, Trimethyl-cyclotriphosphan; Gleichgewichte zwischen Cyclophosphanen (PR)n bei erhöhten Temperaturen/Contributions to the Chemistry of Phosphorus, 139 [1] Triethylcyclotriphosphane, Trimethylcyclotriphosphane; Equilibria between Cyclophosphanes (PR)n at Elevated Temperatures

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Baudler ◽  
Josef Hahn ◽  
Erwin Clef
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Thermodynamic Data ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Fractional Distillation ◽  
Ring Strain ◽  
Product Mixture

Triethylcyclotriphosphane, (PEt)3 (1), has been generated by thermolysis of tetraethylcyclotetraphosphane, (PEt)4. 1 can be obtained as a 43% solution in 1,2,3-triethyl-1,2,3-triphosphole, (PEt)3C2H2 (3), by fractional distillation of the product mixture formed in the reaction of K2(PEt)4 with ClHC=CHCl. 3 has been isolated and fully characterized. Furthermore 1 as well as (PMe)3 (2) and (PPh)3 exist besides (PR)4 (R = Et, Me, Ph) in thermodynamic equilibrium with (PR)5 at elevated temperatures; for R = Ph(PPh)6 is also formed. The thermodynamic data of the reactions 3/5 (PMe)5 ⇌ (PMe)3 and 4/5 (PMe)5 ⇌ (PMe)4 have been calculated from the equilibrium constants between 60 and 160 °C. The ring strain of 2 is much smaller than that of cyclopropane but increases with increasing size and bulk of the substituents R at the phosphorus threemembered ring.

scholarly journals Analysis of Hydrogen Generation through Thermochemical Gasification of Coconut Shell Using Thermodynamic Equilibrium Model Considering Char and Tar

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanmughom Rupesh ◽  
Chandrasekharan Muraleedharan ◽  
Palatel Arun
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Biomass Ratio ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium Model

This work investigates the potential of coconut shell for air-steam gasification using thermodynamic equilibrium model. A thermodynamic equilibrium model considering tar and realistic char conversion was developed using MATLAB software to predict the product gas composition. After comparing it with experimental results the prediction capability of the model is enhanced by multiplying equilibrium constants with suitable coefficients. The modified model is used to study the effect of key process parameters like temperature, steam to biomass ratio, and equivalence ratio on product gas yield, composition, and heating value of syngas along with gasification efficiency. For a steam to biomass ratio of unity, the maximum mole fraction of hydrogen in the product gas is found to be 36.14% with a lower heating value of 7.49 MJ/Nm3 at a gasification temperature of 1500 K and equivalence ratio of 0.15.

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