Inhibition of HIV-1-specific T-cells and increase of viral load during immunosuppressive treatment in an HIV-1 infected patient with Chlamydia trachomatis induced arthritis

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Harrer ◽  
M. Bäuerle ◽  
S. Bergmann ◽  
K. Eismann ◽  
E.G. Harrer
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Infected Patient ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)-Specific CD8+ TEMRA Cells in Early Infection Are Linked to Control of HIV-1 Viremia and Predict the Subsequent Viral Load Set Point

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 5759-5765 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Northfield ◽  
Christopher P. Loo ◽  
Jason D. Barbour ◽  
Gerald Spotts ◽  
Frederick M. Hecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Effector Memory T Cells ◽  
Viral Load Set Point ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT CD8+ T cells are believed to play an important role in the control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, despite intensive efforts, it has not been possible to consistently link the overall magnitude of the CD8+ T-cell response with control of HIV-1. Here, we have investigated the association of different CD8+ memory T-cell subsets responding to HIV-1 in early infection with future control of HIV-1 viremia. Our results demonstrate that both a larger proportion and an absolute number of HIV-1-specific CD8+ CCR7− CD45RA+ effector memory T cells (TEMRA cells) were associated with a lower future viral load set point. In contrast, a larger absolute number of HIV-1-specific CD8+ CCR7− CD45RA− effector memory T cells (TEM) was not related to the viral load set point. Overall, the findings suggest that CD8+ TEMRA cells have superior antiviral activity and indicate that both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the CD8+ T-cell response need to be considered when defining the characteristics of protective immunity to HIV-1.

scholarly journals Dynamics and Correlates of CD8 T-Cell Counts in Africans with Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (22) ◽  
pp. 10423-10430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A. Prentice ◽  
Hailin Lu ◽  
Matthew A. Price ◽  
Anatoli Kamali ◽  
Etienne Karita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cellular And Humoral Immunity ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT In individuals with HIV-1 infection, depletion of CD4 + T cells is often accompanied by a malfunction of CD8 + T cells that are persistently activated and/or exhausted. While the dynamics and correlates of CD4 counts have been well documented, the same does not apply to CD8 counts. Here, we examined the CD8 counts in a cohort of 497 Africans with primary HIV-1 infection evaluated in monthly to quarterly follow-up visits for up to 3 years in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. Statistical models revealed that (i) CD8 counts were relatively steady in the 3- to 36-month period of infection and similar between men and women; (ii) neither geography nor heterogeneity in the HIV-1 set-point viral load could account for the roughly 10-fold range of CD8 counts in the cohort ( P > 0.25 in all tests); and (iii) factors independently associated with relatively high CD8 counts included demographics (age ≤ 40 years, adjusted P = 0.010) and several human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) alleles, including HLA-A*03:01 ( P = 0.013), B*15:10 ( P = 0.007), and B*58:02 ( P < 0.001). Multiple sensitivity analyses provided supporting evidence for these novel relationships. Overall, these findings suggest that factors associated with the CD8 count have little overlap with those previously reported for other HIV-1-related outcome measures, including viral load, CD4 count, and CD4/CD8 ratio. IMPORTANCE Longitudinal data from 497 HIV-1 seroconverters allowed us to systematically evaluate the dynamics and correlates of CD8 + T-cell counts during untreated primary HIV-1 infection in eastern and southern Africans. Our findings suggest that individuals with certain HLA-I alleles, including A*03 (exclusively A*03:01), persistently maintain relatively high CD8 counts following HIV-1 infection, a finding which may offer an intriguing explanation for the recently reported, negative association of A*03 with HIV-1-specific, broadly neutralizing antibody responses. In future studies, attention to HLA-I genotyping data may benefit in-depth understanding of both cellular and humoral immunity, as well as the intrinsic balances of these types of immunity, especially in settings where there is emerging evidence of antagonism between the two arms of adaptive immunity.

Evaluation of HIV-1 p24 Antigenemia and Level of CD8+CD38+ T cells as Surrogate Markers of HIV-1 RNA Viral Load in HIV-1-Infected Patients in Dakar, Senegal

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascale Ondoa ◽  
Tandakha Ndiaye Dieye ◽  
Chris Vereecken ◽  
Makhtar Camara ◽  
Abdoul Aziz Diallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Surrogate Markers ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Long-Term Control of HIV-1 in Hemophiliacs Carrying Slow-Progressing Allele HLA-B*5101

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (14) ◽  
pp. 7151-7160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuka Kawashima ◽  
Nozomi Kuse ◽  
Hiroyuki Gatanaga ◽  
Takuya Naruto ◽  
Mamoru Fujiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Slow Progression ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Escape Mutants ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT HLA-B*51 alleles are reported to be associated with slow disease progression to AIDS, but the mechanism underlying this association is still unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of HLA-B*5101 on clinical outcome for Japanese hemophiliacs who had been infected with HIV-1 before 1985 and had been recruited in 1998 for this study. HLA-B*5101+ hemophiliacs exhibited significantly slow progression. The analysis of HLA-B*5101-restricted HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses to 4 HLA-B*-restricted epitopes in 10 antiretroviral-therapy (ART)-free HLA-B*5101+ hemophiliacs showed that the frequency of Pol283-8-specific CD8+ T cells was inversely correlated with the viral load, whereas the frequencies of CD8+ T cells specific for 3 other epitopes were positively correlated with the viral load. The HLA-B*5101+ hemophiliacs whose HIV-1 replication had been controlled for approximately 25 years had HIV-1 possessing the wild-type Pol283-8 sequence or the Pol283-8V mutant, which does not critically affect T-cell recognition, whereas other HLA-B*5101+ hemophiliacs had HIV-1 with escape mutations in this epitope. The results suggest that the control of HIV-1 over approximately 25 years in HLA-B*5101-positive hemophiliacs is associated with a Pol283-8-specific CD8+ T-cell response and that lack of control of HIV-1 is associated with the appearance of Pol283-8-specific escape mutants.

scholarly journals Reconstitution of Peripheral T Cells by Tissue-Derived CCR4+ Central Memory Cells Following HIV-1 Antiretroviral Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda D. Mahnke ◽  
Kipper Fletez-Brant ◽  
Irini Sereti ◽  
Mario Roederer
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hiv 1

Background. Highly active antiretroviral therapy induces clinical benefits to HIV-1 infected individuals, which can be striking in those with progressive disease. Improved survival and decreased incidence of opportunistic infections go hand in hand with a suppression of the plasma viral load, an increase in peripheral CD4+ T-cell counts, as well as a reduction in the activation status of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.Methods. We investigated T-cell dynamics during ART by polychromatic flow cytometry in total as well as in HIV-1-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. We also measured gene expression by single cell transcriptomics to assess functional state.Results. The cytokine pattern of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells was not altered after ART, though their magnitude decreased significantly as the plasma viral load was suppressed to undetectable levels. Importantly, while CD4+ T cell numbers increased substantially during the first year, the population did not normalize: the increases were largely due to expansion of mucosal-derived CCR4+ CD4+ TCM; transcriptomic analysis revealed that these are not classical Th2-type cells.Conclusion. The apparent long-term normalization of CD4+ T-cell numbers following ART does not comprise a normal balance of functionally distinct cells, but results in a dramatic Th2 shift of the reconstituting immune system.

scholarly journals Lung cryptococcosis in a treated HIV-1-infected patient with suppressed viral load and past disseminated cryptococcosis: relapse or late IRIS?

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1190-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Soria ◽  
M. Airoldi ◽  
G. Migliorino ◽  
N. Squillace ◽  
A. Bandera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Infected Patient ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Detection of PolyfunctionalMycobacterium tuberculosis–Specific T Cells and Association with Viral Load in HIV‐1–Infected Persons

2008 ◽  
Vol 197 (7) ◽  
pp. 990-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Day ◽  
Nompumelelo Mkhwanazi ◽  
Sharon Reddy ◽  
Zenele Mncube ◽  
Mary van der Stok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Suppression of HIV-1 plasma viral load below detection preserves IL-17 producing T cells in HIV-1 infection

AIDS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 990-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lishomwa C Ndhlovu ◽  
Joan M Chapman ◽  
Aashish R Jha ◽  
Jennifer E Snyder-Cappione ◽  
Moraima Pagán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Characteristics of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell and CD4+ T Cell in HIV Elite Controllers

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Herbeuval ◽  
Nikaïa Smith ◽  
Jacques Thèze
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Depletion ◽  
T Cell Depletion ◽  
Hiv Controllers ◽  
Hiv 1

Despite variability, the majority of HIV-1-infected individuals progress to AIDS characterized by high viral load and massive CD4+ T-cell depletion. However, there is a subset of HIV-1-positive individuals that does not progress and spontaneously maintains an undetectable viral load. This infrequent patient population is defined as HIV-1 controllers (HIV controllers), and represents less than 1% of HIV-1-infected patients. HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells and the pool of central memory CD4+ T cells are also preserved despite immune activation due to HIV-1 infection. The majority of HIV controllers are also defined by the absence of massive CD4+ T-cell depletion, even after 10 years of infection. However, the mechanisms involved in protection against HIV-1 disease progression have not been elucidated yet. Controllers represent a heterogeneous population; we describe in this paper some common characteristics concerning innate immune response and CD4+ T cells of HIV controllers.

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