In situ AFM of interfacial evolution at magnesium metal anode

AbstractThe interfacial instability of the lithium-metal anode and shuttling of lithium polysulfides in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries hinder the commercial application. Herein, we report a bifunctional electrolyte additive, i.e., 1,3,5-benzenetrithiol (BTT), which is used to construct solid-electrolyte interfaces (SEIs) on both electrodes from in situ organothiol transformation. BTT reacts with lithium metal to form lithium 1,3,5-benzenetrithiolate depositing on the anode surface, enabling reversible lithium deposition/stripping. BTT also reacts with sulfur to form an oligomer/polymer SEI covering the cathode surface, reducing the dissolution and shuttling of lithium polysulfides. The Li–S cell with BTT delivers a specific discharge capacity of 1,239 mAh g−1 (based on sulfur), and high cycling stability of over 300 cycles at 1C rate. A Li–S pouch cell with BTT is also evaluated to prove the concept. This study constructs an ingenious interface reaction based on bond chemistry, aiming to solve the inherent problems of Li–S batteries.

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Dendrite-Free and Stable Lithium Metal Battery Achieved by a Model of Stepwise Lithium Deposition and Stripping

Nano-Micro Letters ◽

10.1007/s40820-021-00687-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tiancun Liu ◽

Jinlong Wang ◽

Yi Xu ◽

Yifan Zhang ◽

Yong Wang

Keyword(s):

Reduction Method ◽

Coulombic Efficiency ◽

List Type ◽

Lithium Metal ◽

Metal Anode ◽

In Situ Raman ◽

Unique Model ◽

Li Metal Anode ◽

Pyridinic N

Highlights A facile method is adopted to obtain cucumber-like lithiophilic composite skeleton. Massive lithiophilic sites in cucumber-like lithiophilic composite skeleton can promote and guide uniform Li depositions. A unique model of stepwise Li deposition and stripping is determined. Abstract The uncontrolled formation of lithium (Li) dendrites and the unnecessary consumption of electrolyte during the Li plating/stripping process have been major obstacles in developing safe and stable Li metal batteries. Herein, we report a cucumber-like lithiophilic composite skeleton (CLCS) fabricated through a facile oxidation-immersion-reduction method. The stepwise Li deposition and stripping, determined using in situ Raman spectra during the galvanostatic Li charging/discharging process, promote the formation of a dendrite-free Li metal anode. Furthermore, numerous pyridinic N, pyrrolic N, and CuxN sites with excellent lithiophilicity work synergistically to distribute Li ions and suppress the formation of Li dendrites. Owing to these advantages, cells based on CLCS exhibit a high Coulombic efficiency of 97.3% for 700 cycles and an improved lifespan of 2000 h for symmetric cells. The full cells assembled with LiFePO4 (LFP), SeS2 cathodes and CLCS@Li anodes demonstrate high capacities of 110.1 mAh g−1 after 600 cycles at 0.2 A g−1 in CLCS@Li|LFP and 491.8 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1 in CLCS@Li|SeS2. The unique design of CLCS may accelerate the application of Li metal anodes in commercial Li metal batteries.

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Stabilize lithium metal anode through in-situ forming a multi-component composite protective layer

Chemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/j.cej.2021.129911 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 129911

Author(s):

Saisai Li ◽

Yun Huang ◽

Wenhao Ren ◽

Xing Li ◽

Mingshan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protective Layer ◽

Lithium Metal ◽

Metal Anode ◽

In Situ Forming ◽

Lithium Metal Anode

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A multifunctional artificial protective layer for producing an ultra-stable lithium metal anode in a commercial carbonate electrolyte

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/d1ta00408e ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 7667-7674

Author(s):

Song Li ◽

Xian-Shu Wang ◽

Qi-Dong Li ◽

Qi Liu ◽

Pei-Ran Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protective Layer ◽

Stable Cycle ◽

Lithium Metal ◽

Lithium Ions ◽

Metal Anode ◽

Lithium Metal Anode

A multifunctional artificial protective layer is in situ fabricated on the surface of Li anode, which facilitates stable cycle of Li anode in carbonate electrolyte by forming a unique SEI and inducing homogeneous deposition of lithium ions.

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Cotton pad derived 3D lithiophilic carbon host for robust Li metal anode: In-situ generated ionic conductive Li3N protective decoration

Chemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/j.cej.2021.132722 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 132722

Author(s):

Chengyi Lu ◽

Meng Tian ◽

Xiangjun Zheng ◽

Chaohui Wei ◽

Mark H. Rummeli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metal Anode ◽

Li Metal Anode

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Interfacial Manipulation via In-Situ Grown ZnSe Overlayer toward Highly Reversible Zn Metal Anodes

10.21203/rs.3.rs-400312/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xianzhong Yang ◽

Chao Li ◽

Zhongti Sun ◽

Shuai Yang ◽

Zixiong Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Coulombic Efficiency ◽

Low Cost ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Side Reactions ◽

Water Penetration ◽

Metal Anode ◽

Zn Anode ◽

Manipulation Strategy

Abstract Zn metal anode has garnered growing scientific and industrial interest owing to its appropriate redox potential, low cost and good safety. Nevertheless, the instability of Zn metal, caused by dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution and side reactions, gives rise to poor electrochemical stability and unsatisfactory cycling life, greatly hampering large-scale utilization. Herein, an in-situ grown ZnSe layer with controllable thickness is crafted over one side of commercial Zn foil via chemical vapor deposition, aiming to achieve optimized interfacial manipulation between aqueous electrolyte/Zn anode. Thus-derived ZnSe overlayer not only prevents water penetration and restricts Zn2+ two-dimensional diffusion, but also homogenizes the electric field at the interface and facilitates favorable (002) plane growth of Zn. As a result, dendrite-free and homogeneous Zn deposition is obtained; side reactions are concurrently inhibited. In consequence, a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.2% and high cyclic stability for 860 cycles at 1.0 mA cm–2 in symmetrical cells is harvested. Meanwhile, when paired with V2O5 cathode, assembled full cell achieves an outstanding initial capacity (200 mAh g–1) and elongated lifespan (a capacity retention of 84% after 1000 cycles) at 5.0 A g–1. Our highly reversible Zn anode enabled by the interfacial manipulation strategy is anticipated to satisfy the demand of industrial and commercial use.

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In-situ coating of lithiophilic interphase on a biporous Cu scaffold with vertical microchannels for dendrite-free Li metal batteries

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/d1ta03037j ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Li-Min Wang ◽

Xiaokuan Ban ◽

Zongzi Jin ◽

Ranran Peng ◽

Chusheng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Volume Change ◽

Coulombic Efficiency ◽

Dendrite Growth ◽

Porous Scaffolds ◽

Effective Strategy ◽

Practical Application ◽

Metal Anode ◽

Li Metal Anode ◽

In Situ Coating

Severe dendrite growth, low Coulombic efficiency and huge volume change have impeded the practical application of Li metal anode, and the construction of porous scaffolds is an effective strategy to...

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Excellent Lithium Metal Anode Performance via In Situ Interfacial Layer Induced by Li6.75La3Zr1.75Ta0.25O12@Amorphous Li3OCl Composite Solid Electrolyte

International Journal of Electrochemical Science ◽

10.20964/2019.05.67 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 4781-4798 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yijun Tian ◽

Keyword(s):

Solid Electrolyte ◽

Interfacial Layer ◽

Lithium Metal ◽

Metal Anode ◽

Lithium Metal Anode ◽

Composite Solid Electrolyte ◽

Composite Solid

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Depressing the irreversible reactions on a three-dimensional interface towards a high-areal capacity lithium metal anode

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/c9ta00143c ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 6267-6274 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Wei Deng ◽

Shanshan Liang ◽

Xufeng Zhou ◽

Fei Zhao ◽

Wenhua Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Lithium Metal ◽

Current Collectors ◽

Metal Anode ◽

Irreversible Reaction ◽

Conductive Coating ◽

Lithium Metal Anode ◽

Li Metal Anode ◽

Areal Capacity

An ultrathin and conformal ion conductive coating is realized on 3D current collectors for preventing the irreversible reaction between the electrolyte and Li metal, which has been confirmed by in situ optical observation. At the high areal capacity of 10 mA h cm−2 for the Li metal anode, a stable CE of 98.9% for 800 h can be achieved.

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