Holistic determination of suitable conditions for biogas production from Pennisetum purpureum x Pennisetum americanum liquor in anaerobic baffled reactor

2019 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 730-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pitchaya Suaisom ◽  
Patiroop Pholchan ◽  
Pruk Aggarangsi
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Pennisetum Americanum ◽  
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor

Biogas Production from Napier Grass (Pak Chong 1) (Pennisetum purpureum × Pennisetum americanum)

2013 ◽  
Vol 856 ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apiwaj Janejadkarn ◽  
Orathai Chavalparit
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Pennisetum Americanum ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor

The objective of this research was to evaluate the quantity of biogas production from napier grass (Pak Chong 1) (Pennisetum purpureum × Pennisetum americanum) in three identical continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTRs) at room temperature. The volatile solids feed was varied at 1.5, 2 and 3%, respectively. The organic loading rate was altered at 0.43, 0.57 and 0.86 kg VS/m3.d in CSTR 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Three laboratory scale CSTRs with working volume of 5 l were carried out. The results showed that the optimum volatile solids fraction was 2% VS with maximum biogas production of 0.529 m3/kg VS added. The methane production was achieved at 0.242 m3/kg VS added. Under this condition, the soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) of the hydrolysate was increased by 74% and the SCOD and VS removal efficiency were obtained 52.52% and 55.98%, respectively. The highest total volatile fatty acid was obtained on day 12, which was 5.51 g/l and the highest concentration of HAc was 4.33 g/l. The results indicated that volatile solids fraction was 2% VS achieves a maximum biogas yield and can be successfully converted using anaerobic digestion and was investigated into economical and scalable.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of an anaerobic hybrid reactor treating petrochemical effluent

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
M.T. Jafarzadeh ◽  
N. Jamshidi ◽  
L. Talebiazar ◽  
R. Aslaniavali
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Hybrid Reactor ◽  
Petrochemical Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Anaerobic Hybrid Reactor ◽  
Study Performance

Organic loading rate (OLR), Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and up flow velocity are important parameters significantly affecting microbial ecology and characteristics of anaerobic reactors. In this study, Performance of an anaerobic hybrid reactor (UASB/Filter) at mesophilic condition was evaluated in a 15.4 L reactor receiving petrochemical wastewater. The temperature of influent was adjusted by an inline heat exchanger at around 35 ˚C. The reactor was seeded with flocculent sludge from a UASB plant treating dairy wastewater. The sludge was acclimatized to petrochemical wastewater in twostage operation. After 39 weeks, a COD reduction of 70.3% was obtained at OLR=2.0 kg m-3 d-1 and HRT=18 h. Under steady state conditions, experiments were conducted at OLRs of between 0.5 and 24 kg TCOD m-3 d-1 , hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 4-48 h and up flow velocities 0.021-0.25 m h-1. Removal efficiencies in the range of 42-86% were achieved at feed TCOD concentrations of 1000- 4000 mg L-1 . The biogas production data used for determination of biogas production kinetics. The values of Gmax and GB estimated as 11.173 LL-1d -1 and 85.83 g L-1d -1 , respectively.

scholarly journals Produção Animal em Pastagem com Gramíneas de Estação Quente

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (3 suppl) ◽  
pp. 1491-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Restle ◽  
Cledson Roso ◽  
Valmir Aita ◽  
José Laerte Nörnberg ◽  
Ivan Luiz Brondani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Pennisetum Americanum ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum Schum ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Foi avaliado o desempenho de novilhos de corte, durante a fase de recria, em capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) cv. Taiwan A-146, papuã (Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitchc), sorgo forrageiro (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cv. AG 2501C e milheto (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke) cv. comum. O período total de pastejo foi de 143 dias para a pastagem de capim-elefante e 98 dias para as demais pastagens. O sistema de pastejo foi o contínuo com lotação variável. O teor de proteína bruta na massa de forragem foi de 5,43; 10,08; 9,95; e 10,58% e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca, de 50,93; 55,85; 54,56; e 54,81% para capim-elefante, papuã, sorgo e milheto, respectivamente. Houve diferença significativa no ganho de peso médio diário, que foi de 0,928; 1,054; 1,121; e 1,188 kg, para o capim-elefante, papuã, sorgo e milheto, respectivamente. Não houve diferença significativa na carga animal entre as pastagens, sendo de 1682, 1634, 1389 e 1514 kg de PV/ha, e no ganho de peso vivo, que foi de 774, 668, 570 e 640 kg de PV/ha para as pastagens de capim-elefante, papuã, sorgo e milheto, respectivamente. A utilização de pastagens cultivadas de verão, manejadas corretamente, permite altos ganhos de peso por animal e por área, constituindo-se em uma excelente alternativa para intensificar a produção de bovinos de corte.

Simultaneous determination of a spectrum of trichothecene toxins out of residuals of biogas production

2008 ◽  
Vol 1193 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margit Schollenberger ◽  
Hans-Martin Müller ◽  
Melanie Rüfle ◽  
Sybille Suchy ◽  
Claudia Dejanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Biogas Production

scholarly journals Forage Potential of Photoperiod-Sensitive Millet (Pennisetum Americanum (Linn.) K.Schum.) in South Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
M. E. Aken'ova
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Pennisetum Americanum ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Local Selection ◽  
Guinea Grass ◽  
Photoperiod Sensitive

IN Nigeria, millet, an important cereal of the dry tropics, could be grown for forage in the low land forest zone where it is not normally cultivated and where the rainy season lasts eight or more months. To determine lis potential is in annual forage, 'maiwa', which is a short-day photoperiod-sensitive millet (Pennisetum americanum(Linn) K. Schum.), was evaluated in 1972 along with the following promising genotypes of three perennial forage grasses, for comparisons: Nchisi variety of Guinea Grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) S. 112, elephant grass Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) S. 12 a local selection, and F1 Pennisetum hybrid No. 18 an interspecific hybrid of 'maiwa' millet and elephant grass. The perennial grasses were harvested every five weeks for dry matter (DM) yield estimation while 'maiwa' was first harvested five weeks after sowing and then every four weeks thereafter. Both total and daily DM production of 'maiwa' were significantly lower than those of all the perennial grasses. Annual DM production, average daily DM production and average DM content of 'maiwa', Guinea grass, elephant grass and the F1 Pennisetum hybrid were, respectively 10510, 18731, 16796 and 14900 kg/ha; 51.77, 89.19, 80.00, and 70.95 kg/ha; and 14.12, 19.32, 12.46 and 14.30%. However 'maiwa' contained significantly more leaf in the freshly cut herbage with 55% compared to 46, 43 and 43% for Guinea grass, elephant grass and F1 Pennisetum hybrid No. 18 respectively, When cut at four and five weeks crude protein (CP) values of ‘maiwa’ were 17.41 and 15.78% of DM respectively and were higher than those of Guinea grass (10.94 ind 10.14 elephant grass (12.68 11.17%) and the F1 Pennisetum hybrid (14.19 and 13.52%). Crude fibre (CF) values of 'maiwa' at four and five weeks were 26.06 and 27.96% of DM respectively while those of the perennial grasses ranged between 26.14 and 28. 61% and 27.35 and 30.64%, respectively. Mortality of 'maiwa' stands increased from 6% early in the rainy season to 75% at the beginning of the dry season when the study was terminated. When grazed in 1975, 66.7% of 'maiwa' DM on offer was consumed. The results indicated a superiority in quality of ‘maiwa' forage. Improvement in the level and seasonal distribution of 'maiwa' herbage production as well as quality can be realised through suitable agronomic practices as well as breeding.

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