Investigation on Transparent, Conductive ZnO:Al Films Deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition Process

Transparent electrodes are a core component for transparent electron devices, photoelectric devices, and advanced displays. In this work, we fabricate fully-transparent, highly-conductive Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) system method of repeatedly stacking ZnO and Al2O3 layers. The influences of Al cycle ratio (0, 2, 3, and 4%) on optical property, conductivity, crystallinity, surface morphology, and material components of the AZO films are examined, and current conduction mechanisms of the AZO films are analyzed. We found that Al doping increases electron concentration and optical bandgap width, allowing the AZO films to excellently combine low resistivity with high transmittance. Besides, Al doping induces preferred-growth-orientation transition from (002) to (100), which improves surface property and enhances current conduction across the AZO films. Interestingly, the AZO films with an Al cycle ratio of 3% show preferable film properties. Transparent ZnO thin film transistors (TFTs) with AZO electrodes are fabricated, and the ZnO TFTs exhibit superior transparency and high performance. This work accelerates the practical application of the ALD process in fabricating transparent electrodes.

Development and Synergetic Evolution of the Water–energy–food Nexus System in the Yellow River Basin

The water–energy–food nexus is a complex system which is especially difficult to achieve as a trade-off in resource-deficient areas. As an area where the shortage of water leads to water–energy–food conflict, investigating the evolution state and spatial characteristics of water–energy–food in the Yellow River Basin is essential for the resource management and sustainable development orientation of the region’s water–energy–food nexus system. This study proposed an integrated assessment framework by using synergy theory and the integrated index system method. The improved Lotka–Volterra symbiotic model was used to elucidate the development and synergy evolution status of the water–energy–food nexus system in prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin between 2004 and 2019. The results show that the development level of water and energy subsystems in the Yellow River Basin increased by 0.12 and 0.42 on average respectively, whereas that of the food subsystem only increased by approximately 0.004 on average compared to the initial year. Furthermore, most prefecture-level cities experienced subsystem degradation for one or two subsystems during the system evolution of the water–energy–food nexus. Based on the uniqueness and evolution process of each city, there are eight possibilities for system evolution and three types of feedback state between each pair of subsystems, which may lead to a certain spatial aggregation. Additionally, the interaction and competition states are more common than synergy states in the water–energy–food nexus system of the Yellow River Basin. This study provides an important basis and suggestions for the internal relationship and sustainable orientation of water–energy–food nexus systems in such water-deficient areas.

No-go theorem for inflation in an extended Ricci-inverse gravity model

In this paper, we propose an extension of the Ricci-inverse gravity, which has been proposed recently as a very novel type of fourth-order gravity, by introducing a second order term of the so-called anticurvature scalar as a correction. The main purpose of this paper is that we would like to see whether the extended Ricci-inverse gravity model admits the homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker metric as its stable inflationary solution. However, a no-go theorem for inflation in this extended Ricci-inverse gravity is shown to appear through a stability analysis based on the dynamical system method. As a result, this no-go theorem implies that it is impossible to have such stable inflation in this extended Ricci-inverse gravity model.

Artistic and aesthetic principles of German expressive dance in the context of the development of modern dance in the XXI century

The purpose of the article is to identify the artistic and aesthetic features and leading trends in the development of German expressive dance of the first half of the twentieth century. and determine their impact on the development of modern dance in the first decades of the XXI century. Methodology. The system method is applied, thanks to which the peculiarities of German expressive dance are considered; the method of comparative analysis, which helped to identify common and distinctive features in the central concepts of dance K. Joss, M. Wingman, and P. Bausch; method of art history and artistic and stylistic analysis, through which identified and substantiated trends in the development of German modern dance and modern dance). Scientific novelty. The artistic and aesthetic principles of German expressive dance are studied on the basis of the analysis of choreography, aesthetics, and discourse of movement K. Joss, M. Wingman, and P. Bausch; the basic theatrical concepts of the range of emotions of the leading representatives of the German expressive dance motivating physical movement are revealed; determined that P. Bausch, M. Wingman and K. Yosse work with emotional space, which is directly related to physical movement and configures their own unique aesthetics of movement experience - dancers aestheticize the human body, covered and subject to strong emotions. Conclusions. The characteristic interest of German expressionist dance to inconspicuous, accidental, or natural manifestations of corporeality, the focus on violating previously established boundaries of art, the search for innovative ways to approach the chaos of reality, causing the formation of certain models of corporeality, and others. can be clearly seen in the modern dance of the early XXI century – phenomena, representing a unique way of artistic and bodily modeling of the world, become one of the important dancers and generators of current cultural and artistic values ​​and meanings. Key words: German expressive dance, modern dance, artistic and aesthetic principles, K. Joss, M. Wigman, P. Bausch.

Рroduction and distribution of author's cinema in Ukraine as a state problem. Part 1. Film рroduction and problems of state administration of film industry

The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of film production and distribution in Ukraine and to identify scientific guidelines that contribute to a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of Ukrainian authors’ cinema in the intercultural space. Research methodology. Methods of scientific analysis, comparison, generalization were used in the development of the topic. In addition, analytical and systematic methods were used in their unity, which is necessary to study the art aspect of the problem. The scientific novelty of the study is that the problem of author's film production and distribution in Ukraine in the context of the functioning of state support programs first appeared as the subject of a special study; the content of the concept of "film production" as certain specific integrity and unity of interconnected elements is argued; the works of Ukrainian film directors-authors, whose films were created with state support, are singled out and characterized; the expediency of using the system method in studying the peculiarities of the film-making process in Ukraine is proved; a comprehensive analysis was carried out and the features of author's film production in Ukraine and abroad were identified. Conclusions. Acquaintance with the materials presented in the article expands the arsenal of knowledge about the specifics of the author's film production and distribution in Ukraine and makes their use in training courses on the theory and history of cinema and directing. Keywords: Ukrainian cinema, film production, distribution, state support, director-authors.

Botnet Attack Detection Using A Hybrid Supervised Fast-Flux Killer System

A Fast Flux Service Network (FFSN) domain name system method is a technique used on botnet that bot herders used to support malicious botnet actions to rapidly change the domain name IP addresses and to increase the life of malicious servers. While several methods for the detection of FFSN domains are suggested, they are still suffering from relatively low accuracy with the zero-day domain in particular. Throughout the current research, a system that’s deemed new is proposed. The latter system is called (the Fast Flux Killer System) and is abbreviated as (FFKS)). It allows one to have the FF-Domains “zero-day”, via a deployment built on (ADeSNN). It is a hybrid, which consists of two stages. The online phase according to the learning outcomes from the offline phase works on detecting the zero-day domains while the offline phase helps in enhancing the classification performance of the system in the online phase. This system will be compared to a previously published work that was based on a supervised detection method using the same ADeSNN algorithm to have the FFSNs domains detected, also to show better performance in detecting malicious domains. A public data set for the impacts of the hybrid ADeSNN algorithm is employed in the experiment. When hybrid ADeSNN was used over the supervised one, the experiments showed better accuracy. The detection of zero-day fast-flux domains is highly accurate (99.54%) in a mode considered as an online one.

Directing models of author cinema in the context of intercultural dialogue. Part 1. Co-production as a way to implement the producing and directing models

The purpose of the article is to identify problems of intercultural cooperation in the production and distribution of films directed by auteur cinema and to identify scientific guidelines that will contribute to a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of Ukrainian auteur cinema in the intercultural space. Methodology. An analytical method was used to study the topic, which is necessary to study the art history and cultural aspects of the problem. In addition, the researcher used methods of systematization and generalization, which were useful to argue the identity of the phenomenon of directing auteur cinema, its place in modern cultural processes, as well as to determine the objective patterns that characterize auteur cinematographic practices in modern intercultural space. A cross-cultural method was also used, which helped to identify the peculiarities of production and distribution of films directed by auteur films in the system of international cooperation. In turn, the culturological approach led to a generalized socio-cultural orientation of the study of the author's cinema of postmodern and postmodern culture. The scientific novelty of the study is that the problem of intercultural cooperation in the production and distribution of auteur cinema in Ukraine and abroad in the context of the functioning of international support programs has first become the subject of a special study; the content of the concepts "intercultural dialogue", "co-production" as certain specific integrity and unity of interconnected elements are argued; the works of Ukrainian film directors-authors, whose films were created as international projects, are singled out and characterized; the expediency of using the system method in studying the peculiarities of the international filmmaking process is proved; a comprehensive analysis and features of production and distribution of films by directors-authors in co-production projects in Ukraine and abroad. Conclusions. Acquaintance with the materials presented in the article expands the arsenal of knowledge on the specifics of production and distribution of films of directorial models of auteur cinema within intercultural projects and allows their use in training courses on the theory and history of cinema and directing. Key words: intercultural dialogue, director-author, producer, Ukrainian author's cinema, co-production, director's model of authorship.

Metamorphoses and transformations of Protestant ritual in the socio-cultural space of Ukraine since the independence period

The purpose of the article is to analyze the methodological aspects of the application of the concepts of "metamorphosis" and "transformation" in the context of the analysis of modern religious activity, in particular Protestant religious practices. The methodology consists of the application of synergetic, axiological, historical, sociological, religious, and culturological approaches. Both: traditional methods of scientific research (analysis and synthesis, system method) and phenomenological and interpretive methods were used to reveal the peculiarities of Ukrainian Protestantism. The scientific novelty of the work is to identify the socio-cultural potential of ritual practices of Ukrainian Protestant communities. Conclusions. The analysis examines the impact of the metamorphosis and transformation of the Ukrainian Protestant ritual on the social and cultural space of Ukraine since its independence, which on the other hand, is also undergoing transformations due to historical and political changes in society that require simple answers to critical life questions which form the national value context. Key words: Ukrainian Protestant ritual, metamorphosis, transformation, transformation, sociocultural practices

IMPLEMENTASI METODE CERTAINTY FACTOR UNTUK MENGETAHUI TINGKAT EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE DI MASA PANDEMIC COVID-19

During the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions were not allowed to carry out the face-to-face teaching and learning process as usual but were replaced with an online learning system. The offline learning system (outside the network) is very different from the online learning system whose effectiveness is not yet known. Meanwhile, effective learning is very important in the world of education. Effective learning provides maximum learning outcomes in accordance with the achievement plan. Certainty Factor is an expert system method that adopts expert knowledge that can be used to measure the effectiveness of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to help parents and schools measure the level of effectiveness of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic so that evaluations can be carried out for the development of more appropriate and better educational methods. Keywords: Certainty Factor; Effectiveness Online Learning; Expert System Abstrak: Di masa pandemic covid-19, lembaga pendidikan tidak diperbolehkan melakukan proses belajar mengajar secara tatap muka seperti biasanya namun digantikan dengan sistem pembelajaran online. Sistem belajar secara luring (luar jaringan) sangat berbeda dengan sistem belajar online yang belum diketahui efektivitasnya. Sementara itu, pembelajaran yang efektif sangat penting dalam dunia pendidikan. Pembelajaran yang efektif memberikan hasil pembelajaran yang maksimal sesuai dengan rencana pencapaian. Certainty Factor merupakan salah satu metode sistem pakar yang mengadopsi pengetahuan pakar yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat efektivitas pembelajaran online dimasa pandemic covid-19. penelitian ini bertujuan membantu orang tua siswa dan pihak sekolah dalam mengukur tingkat efektivitas pembelajaran online selama masa pandemic covid-19 sehingga dapat dilakukan evaluasi untuk pengembangan metodependidikan yang lebih tepat dan baik. Kata kunci: Certainty Factor; Efektivitas Pembelajaran Online; Sistem Pakar;

Separation Method of Semi-Fixed Variables Together with Dynamical System Method for Solving Nonlinear Time-Fractional PDEs with Higher-Order Terms

It is well known that methods for solving fractional-order PDEs are grossly inadequate compared with integer-order PDEs. In this paper, a new approach which combined with the separation method of semi-fixed variables and dynamical system method is introduced. As example, a time-fractional reaction-diffusion equation with higher-order terms is studied under the different kinds of fractional-order differential operators. In different parametric regions, phase portraits of systems which derived from the reaction-diffusion equation are presented. Existence and dynamic properties of solutions of this nonlinear time-fractional models are investigated. In some special parametric conditions, some exact solutions of this time-fractional models are obtained. The dynamical properties of some exact solutions are discussed and the graphs of them are illustrated.PACS: 02.30.Jr; 02.30.Oz; 02.70.-c; 02.70.Mv; 02.90.+p; 04.20.Jb; 05.10.-a