scholarly journals Adherence to HIV post-exposure prophylaxis: A multivariate regression analysis of a 5 years prospective cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Malinverni ◽  
Anne-Françoise Gennotte ◽  
Monica Schuster ◽  
Stéphane De Wit ◽  
Pierre Mols ◽  
...  
Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Enrique Martínez-Pías ◽  
Ángel L. Guerrero ◽  
Álvaro Sierra ◽  
Javier Trigo ◽  
David García-Azorín

OnabotulinumtoxinA is one of the main preventive treatments for chronic migraine. Despite that up to one third of patients with chronic migraine suffer from daily headache, these individuals have hardly been studied. We conducted a prospective cohort study, including patients with chronic migraine and treated with OnabotulinumtoxinA according to the PREEMPT paradigm. The primary endpoint was to assess whether patients with chronic migraine and daily headache had a different response after three sessions of OnabotulinutoxinA than patients without daily headache. The secondary endpoint was to analyse the presence of predictive factors that could be associated with a higher response to OnabotulinumtoxinA. Patients with daily headache had a reduction of 14.9 (SD: 9.7) headache days per month, patients with 22–29 headache days a reduction of 10.6 (SD: 9.9) days, and patients with 15–21 headache days a reduction of 8.6 (SD: 7.1) days (p < 0.001). In the univariate regression analysis, a higher number of headache days per month at baseline was associated with higher odds of reduction in the number of headache days per month after OnabotulinumtoxinaA treatment (OR: 0.474, 95% CI: 0.278–0.670, p < 0.001). This association was maintained in the multivariate regression analysis (OR: 0.540, 95% CI: 0.333–0.746, p < 0.001). In our sample, daily headache was not associated with a worse response to OnabotulinumtoxinA treatment. A higher frequency of headache at baseline was a predictor of better response to OnabotulinumtoxinA treatment.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1233
Author(s):  
Maria Elda Alves de Lacerda Campos ◽  
Bruna Coelho De Macedo ◽  
Glenda Katherine Silvetre da Silva ◽  
Flávia Emília Cavalcante Valença Fernandes

RESUMOObjetivo: avaliar a conduta dos profissionais de saúde no atendimento antirrábico humano. Método: estudo quantitativo, descritivo, com 2.789 casos que sofreram agressão por cão ou gato para a profilaxia antirrábica humana pós-exposição, no período de 2013 a 2015, notificados no Sinan. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa Stata 12.0 e realizou-se análise de regressão logística para a avaliação da adequação da conduta. Resultados: a mordedura representou maior proporção dos casos (85,6%). Os cães e gatos representaram 98,4% das espécies agressoras. Desses, 81,8% foram referidos como sadios. Dos tratamentos indicados, 68% foram do tipo observação e vacina. Constatou-se que, das condutas indicadas, 70,1% foram adequadas. Conclusão: a partir da avaliação das condutas dos profissionais de saúde no atendimento antirrábico humano, pôde-se verificar que a maioria delas foi realizada da forma correta e de acordo com as normas ministeriais. No entanto, constatou-se um número considerável de condutas inadequadas refletindo a necessidade constante de qualificação dos profissionais para a instituição da profilaxia antirrábica. Descritores: Raiva; Profilaxia Pós-Exposição; Vigilância Epidemiológica; Educação em Saúde; Políticas Públicas; Pessoal de Saúde.ABSTRACTObjective: to evaluate the behavior of health professionals in human rabies control. Method: a descriptive, quantitative study with 2,789 cases of dog or cat aggression for post-exposure human rabies prophylaxis in the period from 2013 to 2015, reported in Sinan. The data was analyzed by the Stata 12.0 program and a logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the suitability of the conduct. Results: the bite represented a higher proportion of cases (85.6%). Dogs and cats accounted for 98.4% of the aggressor species. Of these, 81.8% were referred to as healthy. Of the treatments indicated, 68% were of the observation and vaccine type. It was found that 70.1% of the behaviors indicated were adequate. Conclusion: based on the evaluation of the health professionals' conduct in the human rabies control, it was verified that most of them were performed correctly and in accordance with ministerial norms. However, a considerable number of inadequate behaviors were observed reflecting the constant need to qualify professionals for the institution of anti-rabies prophylaxis. Descriptors: Rabies; Post-Exposure Prophylaxis; Epidemiological Surveillance; Health Education; Public Policies; Health Personnel.RESUMENObjetivo: evaluar la conducta de los profesionales de salud en la atención antirrábica humana. Método: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, con 2.789 casos que sufrieron agresión por perro o gato para la profilaxis antirrábica humana post-exposición, en el período de 2013 a 2015, notificados en el Sinan. Los datos fueron analizados por el programa Stata 12.0 y se realizó un análisis de regresión logística para evaluar la adecuación de la conducta. Resultados: la mordedura representó mayor proporción de los casos (85.6%). Los perros y gatos representaron el 98.4% de las especies agresoras. De los 81.8% fueron referidos como sanos. De los tratamientos indicados, el 68% fueron del tipo observación y vacuna. Se constató que, de las conductas indicadas, el 70.1% fueron adecuadas. Conclusión: a partir de la evaluación de la conducta de los profesionales de salud en la atención antirrábica humana se puede verificar que la mayoría de ellas fueron realizadas de la forma correcta y de acuerdo con las normas ministeriales. Sin embargo, se constató un número considerable de conductas inadecuadas, reflejando la necesidad constante de calificación de los profesionales para la institución de la profilaxis antirrábica. Descriptores: Rabia; Profilaxis Post-Exposición; Vigilancia Epidemiológica; Educación en Salud; Políticas Públicas; Personal de Salud.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Mohammed Sanusi Yusuf ◽  
Elmon Mudefi ◽  
Oladele Vincent Adeniyi ◽  
Ntombana Rala ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Sivananjiah Pradeep ◽  
Suman Gadicherla Raghu ◽  
Prathab A G ◽  
Banashankari G Rudresh ◽  
Radhika Kunnavil

The working environment of healthcare workers (HCW) exposes them to sharp injuries. This communication attempts to examine the injury registers, incidence of sharps injuries and blood splash exposures, and the post-exposure prophylaxis status of employees in a tertiary care hospital. Analysis included records form 54 locations of two units of a tertiary hospital attached to a Medical College. Maintenance of the injury register overall was highly satisfactory in both units. Two hundred and nine injuries were recorded from both units of the hospital. The majority of injuries (60.5%) occurred in the age group of 20-30 years with 70% among females. Waste handlers were at increased risk during waste management procedures. Thirty two percent of sharps injury injuries occurred in wards. Of the ward nursing staff, 25.3% received sharps injuries. Post-exposure prophylaxis for Hepatitis B (primary dose) was given to 25 HCWs; 11 received booster doses. The basic regimen for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis was given to 4 HCWs. Awareness about records maintenance, regular documentation, awareness and training, and implementation of appropriate preventive measures can reduce the incidence of injuries. Key words: Sharps, injury register, Health care workers (HCW),Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP)


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