Quality heterogeneity and misallocation: The welfare benefits of raising your standards

2021 ◽  
pp. 103544
Author(s):  
Luca Macedonia ◽  
Ariel Weinbergerb
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Benefits

Does Investors' Desire to Punish Misreporting Affect Their Litigation Decisions and Managers' and Investors' Welfare?

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason L. Brown ◽  
Donald V. Moser
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Securities Markets ◽  
Corporate Managers ◽  
Experimental Markets ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Reporting Decisions ◽  
Legal Fees ◽  
Financial Penalty ◽  
Do So

ABSTRACT Shareholder litigation is an important part of the regulation of securities markets that can influence corporate managers' reporting behavior. Prior research shows that conventional economic factors affect investors' litigation decisions. We use experimental markets to examine whether investors engage in costly litigation even without a direct financial incentive to do so and whether this affects managers' reporting decisions and managers' and investors' welfare. We find that investors frequently litigate when they can impose a financial penalty on managers for misreporting even though they cannot recover their legal fees or receive restitution for their losses. Moreover, this deters managers' shirking and misreporting and improves managers' and investors' welfare almost as effectively as when investors can recover their legal fees and receive restitution for their losses. Overall, our results indicate that, in addition to financial incentives, investors' desire to punish misreporting plays an important role in their litigation decisions, and that may yield substantial welfare benefits.

The effects of sow maternal behaviour on piglet mortality in an open farrowing system

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 196-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.N. Marchant ◽  
D.M. Broom ◽  
S. Corning
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Piglet Mortality

Community lactating systems offer a number of potential welfare benefits to the sow and her litter. However, giving the sow greater freedom of movement and choice of environments also has potential risks. With less restriction, the maternal qualities of the sow will have a greater influence on the survival and growth of her litter. The objectives of this experiment were to determine what behaviours of the sow influenced piglet mortality in an open communal farrowing system

scholarly journals Risk of Low Birth Weight According to Household Composition in Brussels and Montreal: Do Income Support Policies Variations Explain the Differences Observed between Both Regions?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7936
Author(s):  
Mouctar Sow ◽  
Myriam De Spiegelaere ◽  
Marie-France Raynault
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Income Support ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Households With Children ◽  
Vulnerable Households ◽  
Welfare Families ◽  
The Impact

Variations in social policy between countries provide opportunities to assess the impact of these policies on health inequities. This study compares the risk of low birth weight in Brussels and Montreal, according to household composition, and discusses the impact of income support policies. For each context, we estimated the impact of income support policies on the extent of poverty of welfare recipients, using the model family method. Based on the differences found, we tested hypotheses on the association between low birth weight and household composition, using administrative data from the birth register and social security in each region. The extent of poverty of welfare families differs according to household composition. In Quebec, the combination of low welfare benefits and larger family allowances widens the gap between households with children and those without children. The risk of LBW also differs between these two contexts according to the number of children. Compared to children born into large welfare families, first-born children are more at risk in Montreal than in Brussels. In addition to the usual comparative studies on the topic, our study highlights the importance of an evaluative perspective that considers the combination of different types of income support measures to better identify the most vulnerable households.

scholarly journals Rearing experience with ramps improves specific learning and behaviour and welfare on a commercial laying farm

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate I. Norman ◽  
Claire A. Weeks ◽  
John F. Tarlton ◽  
Christine J. Nicol
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Early Life Experience ◽  
Bone Damage ◽  
Specific Learning

AbstractTo access resources in commercial laying houses hens must move between levels with agility to avoid injury. This study considered whether providing ramps during rear improved the ability of birds to transition between levels. Twelve commercial flocks (2000 birds/flock) on a multi-age site were examined between 1 and 40 weeks of age. All birds had access to elevated perching structures from 4 days of age. Six treatment flocks were also provided with ramps during rear to facilitate access to these structures. Flocks were visited three times during rear and three times at lay to record transitioning behaviour and use of the elevated structures, together with scores for keel bone and feather damage. Ramp reared flocks used the elevated structures to a greater extent at rear (P = 0.001) and at lay, when all flocks had ramps, showed less hesitancy [i.e. pacing (P = 0.002), crouching (P = 0.001) and wing-flapping (P = 0.001)] in accessing levels. Mean levels of keel bone damage were reduced in ramp reared flocks (52%) compared with control flocks (64.8%) at 40 weeks of age (P = 0.028). The early life experience of the ramp reared flocks enabled specific learning that translated and persisted in later life and resulted in overall welfare benefits.

The Impact of Welfare Benefits on Single Motherhood and Headship of Young Women

2004 ◽  
Vol XXXIX (2) ◽  
pp. 382-404
Author(s):  
Francine D. Blau ◽  
Lawrence M. Kahn ◽  
Jane Waldfogel
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Single Motherhood ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Can welfare-rights advice targeted at older people reduce social exclusion?

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 875-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUZANNE MOFFATT ◽  
GRAHAM SCAMBLER
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Median Income ◽  
Welfare Rights ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTIt is known that, in general, people of pensionable age have gained in income compared to other age groups in the British population over the last two decades, but that a substantial minority still experience relative poverty. This paper reports a small qualitative study into the effectiveness of a welfare-rights advice and acquisition service for men and women aged 60 or more years that was provided through a local primary health-care service. Additional financial and non-financial resources were obtained by accessing previously unclaimed state-welfare benefits. It was found that these significantly improved the participants' quality of life. Fourteen of the 25 participants received some type of financial award as a result of the service offered, with the median income gain being £57 (€84 or US $101) per week. The impact of additional resources was considerable and included: increased affordability of necessities and occasional expenses; increased capacity to cope with emergencies; and reduced stress related to financial worries. Knowledge of and access to welfare-rights services also appeared to have a positive effect. It is argued that a level of material resources above a basic level is necessary for social relations and for accessing services and civic activities, and can reduce social exclusion among older people.

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