Too Tall for the DXA Scan? Contributions of the Feet and Head to Overall Body Composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Hew-Butler ◽  
Haley Jurczyszyn ◽  
Jordan Sabourin ◽  
Matthew VanSumeren ◽  
Valerie Smith-Hale
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dxa Scan

scholarly journals Growth and Body Composition in PKU Children—A Three-Year Prospective Study Comparing the Effects of L-Amino Acid to Glycomacropeptide Protein Substitutes

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1323
Author(s):  
Anne Daly ◽  
Wolfgang Högler ◽  
Nicola Crabtree ◽  
Nick Shaw ◽  
Sharon Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Dxa Scan ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
The Impact

Protein quality and quantity are important factors in determining lean body (muscle) mass (LBM). In phenylketonuria (PKU), protein substitutes provide most of the nitrogen, either as amino acids (AA) or glycomacropeptide with supplementary amino acids (CGMP-AA). Body composition and growth are important indicators of long-term health. In a 3-year prospective study comparing the impact of AA and CGMP-AA on body composition and growth in PKU, 48 children were recruited. N = 19 (median age 11.1 years, range 5–15 years) took AA only, n = 16 (median age 7.3 years, range 5–15 years) took a combination of CGMP-AA and AA, (CGMP50) and 13 children (median age 9.2 years, range 5–16 years) took CGMP-AA only (CGMP100). A dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan at enrolment and 36 months measured LBM, % body fat (%BF) and fat mass (FM). Height was measured at enrolment, 12, 24 and 36 months. No correlation or statistically significant differences (after adjusting for age, gender, puberty and phenylalanine blood concentrations) were found between the three groups for LBM, %BF, FM and height. The change in height z scores, (AA 0, CGMP50 +0.4 and CGMP100 +0.7) showed a trend that children in the CGMP100 group were taller, had improved LBM with decreased FM and % BF but this was not statistically significant. There appeared to be no advantage of CGMP-AA compared to AA on body composition after 3-years of follow-up. Although statistically significant differences were not reached, a trend towards improved body composition was observed with CGMP-AA when it provided the entire protein substitute requirement.

scholarly journals Growth and Body Composition in PKU Children—A 3 Year Prospective Study Comparing the Effects of L-Amino Acid to Glycomacropeptide Protein Substitutes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Daly ◽  
Wolfgang Hogler ◽  
Nicola Crabtree ◽  
Nick Shaw ◽  
Sharon Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Dxa Scan ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Protein quality and quantity are important factors in determining lean body (muscle) mass (LBM). In phenylketonuria (PKU), protein substitutes provide most of the nitrogen either as amino acids (AA) or glycomacropeptide (CGMP-AA). Body composition and growth are important indicators of long-term health. In a 3-year prospective study comparing the impact of AA and CGMP AA on body composition and growth in PKU, 48 children were recruited. N=19, (median age 11.1y, range 5-15y) took AA only, n=16 (median age 7.3y, range 5-15y) took a combination of CGMP-AA and AA (CGMP50), and 13 children (median age 9.2y, range 5-16y) took CGMP-AA only (CGMP100). A dual energy X ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan at enrolment and 36 months measured LBM, % body fat (%BF) and fat mass (FM). Height was measured at enrolment, 12, 24 and 36 months. Results: No correlation or statistically significant differences were found between the three groups for LBM, FM and height compared with age, gender, puberty or phenylalanine blood concentrations. The change in height z scores: AA 0, CGMP50 +0.4 and CGMP100 +0.7 showed a trend that children in the CGMP100 group were taller, had improved LBM with decreased FM and % BF but this was not statistically significant. Conclusion: There appeared to be no advantage of AA compared to CGMP-AA protein substitutes on body composition after 3 years follow up of usage. Although statistical differences were not reached, a trend towards improved body composition was observed with CGMP when it provided the entire protein substitute requirement.Trial registry: IRAS 129497 (13/WM/10435) registered 10th November 2013 (hppt// www.hra.nhs)

Body composition estimated by DXA scan in patients with systemic sclerosis

Bone ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S414-S415
Author(s):  
N. Gavrilov⁎ ◽  
N. Pilipović ◽  
K. Simić-Pašalić ◽  
G. Radunović ◽  
N. Damjanov
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Dxa Scan

scholarly journals Association of Neck Circumference with Anthropometric Indicators and Body Composition Measured by DXA in Young Spanish Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 514 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Arias Téllez ◽  
Francisco M. Acosta ◽  
Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado ◽  
Borja Martinez-Tellez ◽  
Victoria Muñoz-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Thyroid Cartilage ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Dxa Scan ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Background: Due to a clinical and public health interest of neck circumference (NC), a better understanding of this simple anthropometric measurement, as a valid marker of body composition is necessary. Methods: A total of 119 young healthy adults participated in this study. NC was measured over the thyroid cartilage and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the neck. Body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference were measured. A Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan was used to determine fat mass, lean mass, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Additionally, body mass index (BMI) and triponderal mass index (TMI), the waist to hip and waist to height ratios, and the fat mass and lean mass indexes (FMI and LMI, respectively) were calculated. Results: NC was positively associated in women (W) and men (M), with BMI (rW = 0.70 and rM = 0.84, respectively), TMI (rW = 0.63 and rM = 0.80, respectively), WC (rW = 0.75 and rM = 0.86, respectively), VAT (rW = 0.74 and rM = 0.82, respectively), Waist/hip (rW = 0.51 and rM = 0.67, respectively), Waist/height (rW = 0.68 and rM = 0.83, respectively) and FMI (rW = 0.61 and rM = 0.81, respectively). The association between NC and indicators of body composition was however weaker than that observed by BMI, TMI, WC and Waist/height in both women and men. It is of note that in women, NC was associated with FMI, VAT and LMI independently of BMI. In men, adding NC to anthropometric variables did not improve the prediction of body composition, while slight improvements were observed in women. Conclusions: Taken together, the present study provides no indication for NC as a useful proxy of body composition parameters in young adults, yet future studies should explore its usefulness as a measure to use in combination with BMI, especially in women.

Physical activity and body composition of adolescent boys

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 197 (11) ◽  
pp. 891-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Novak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Adolescent Boys

The effect of liver cirrhosis on body composition in a Brazilian sample

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A262-A262
Author(s):  
F FIGUEIREDO ◽  
M KONDO ◽  
M CHARLTON
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Brazilian Sample

514 Prognostic significance of bioelectrical evaluation of body composition in chronic heart failure

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
F MASSARI ◽  
P GUIDA ◽  
F MASTROPASQUA ◽  
M IACOVIELLO ◽  
B RIZZON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Prognostic Significance

The Weight Loss Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Vitamin B6: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Obese and Overweight Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Shakibay Novin ◽  
Saeed Ghavamzadeh ◽  
Alireza Mehdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA), with vitamin B6 have been reported to improve fat metabolism and muscle synthesis. We hypothesized that supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 would result in more weight loss and improve body composition and blood markers related to cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to determine whether the mentioned supplementation would affect weight loss, body composition, and cardiovascular risk factors during weight loss intervention. To this end, we performed a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial in 42 overweight and obese women (BMI = 25–34.9 kg/m2). Taking a four-week moderate deficit calorie diet (–500 kcal/day), participants were randomized to receive BCAA (6 g/day) with vitamin B6 (40 mg/day) or placebo. Body composition variables measured with the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis, homeostatic model assessment, and plasma insulin, Low density lipoprotein, High density lipoprotein, Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and fasting blood sugar were measured. The result indicated that, weight loss was not significantly affected by BCAA and vitamin B6 supplementation (–2.43 ± 1.02 kg) or placebo (–1.64 ± 1.48 kg). However, significant time × treatment interactions in waist to hip ratio (P = 0.005), left leg lean (P = 0.004) and right leg lean (P = 0.023) were observed. Overall, supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 could preserve legs lean and also attenuated waist to hip ratio.

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