Vestibular Performance in High-Level Soccer and Ice Hockey Players: Sport-specific Norm Values and Implications

Background: Men’s university ice hockey has received little scientific attention over the past 30 years, a time in which the traits of the players and the demands of the game have evolved. Objectives: This study compared the physiological characteristics of university ice hockey players and examined the frequency and duration of the different movement patterns and heart rate (HR) responses during competition. Methods: Twenty male ice hockey players from the same team ( age ± SD = 22±2 years) underwent a fitness evaluation and were filmed and HR monitored during regular season games. Results: Forwards and defense had similar fitness and only differed on % fatigue index and peak heart during on-ice sprinting (P<0.05). Defense stood, glided and skated backwards more than forwards and forwards skated at a moderate intensity and glided forward more than defense (P<0.05). All players spent the majority of game time gliding forward (60% of the time) followed by skating forward at a moderate intensity (17%) and standing with little movement (9%). Average HR during the game reached 96 and 92 % and peak HR was 100 and 96 % of maximum in forwards and defense, respectively. Conclusions: Male university hockey players present with a high level of physical fitness in a variety of categories with few differences between forwards and defense. Movement patterns during games suggest that players are performing low to moderate intensity on-ice activities the majority of the time. Paradoxically, HR continues to climb to near maximum during on ice shifts.

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Self-Regulation in High-Level Ice Hockey Players: An Application of the MuSt Theory

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182413317 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (24) ◽

pp. 13317

Author(s):

Montse C. Ruiz ◽

Reko Luojumäki ◽

Samppa Karvinen ◽

Laura Bortoli ◽

Claudio Robazza

Keyword(s):

Perceived Control ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Performance Enhancement ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Ice Hockey ◽

Future Research ◽

Feeling States ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Level Ice ◽

High Level

The purpose of the study was to examine the validity of core action elements and feeling states in ice hockey players in the prediction of performance. A second aim of the study was to explore the effectiveness of a 30-day program targeting action and emotion regulation. Participants were male ice hockey players drawn from two teams competing at the highest level of the junior Finnish ice hockey league. They were assigned to a self-regulation (n = 24) and a control (n = 19) group. The self-regulation program focused on the recreation of optimal execution of core action elements and functional feeling states. Separate repeated measures MANOVAs indicated significant differences in ratings of perceived control and execution accuracy ratings of self-selected visual and behavioral components of the action (critical for optimal performance) and psychobiosocial (feeling) states across recalled best and worst games. Results support the use of both action- and emotion-centered strategies for performance enhancement. Future research including psychophysiological markers is warranted.

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Improvements After Arthroscopic Treatment for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome in High-Level Ice Hockey Players: 2-Year Outcomes by Player Position

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967120981687 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 232596712098168

Author(s):

Ida Lindman ◽

Josefin Abrahamsson ◽

Axel Öhlin ◽

Tobias Wörner ◽

Frida Eek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Ice Hockey ◽

Arthroscopic Treatment ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Level Ice ◽

High Level ◽

Player Positions

Background: Ice hockey players often undergo arthroscopic treatment for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS); however, only a few studies have reported postoperative patient-reported outcomes. It has been debated whether player position is related to FAIS. Purpose: To evaluate the change in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in high-level ice hockey players from presurgery to 2 years after arthroscopic treatment for FAIS. The secondary aim was to evaluate differences in outcomes among player positions and whether stick handedness is related to the side of the symptomatic hip. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Ice hockey players undergoing treatment for FAIS between 2011 and 2019 were prospectively included. Preoperative and 2-year follow-up scores were collected for the following PROMs: HAGOS (Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score), iHOT-12 (12-item International Hip Outcome Tool), EQ-5D (EuroQol–5 Dimensions) and EQ-VAS (EuroQol–Visual Analog Scale), Hip Sports Activity Scale, and visual analog scale for overall hip function. Player position and stick handedness were collected from public sources. Preoperative and follow-up outcomes were compared for the entire cohort and among player positions. Results: The cohort included 172 ice hockey players with a mean age of 28 years, a mean body mass index of 25.6, and a mean symptom duration of 46.3 months. In the 120 players with 2-year follow-up data, there was significant improvement in all PROMs as compared with presurgery: HAGOS subscales (symptoms, 47.5 vs 68.0; pain, 57.0 vs 75.8; activities of daily living, 62.5 vs 81.0; sports, 40.0 vs 64.7; physical activity, 30.9 vs 57.2; quality of life, 32.5 vs 57.8), iHOT-12 (45.2 vs 66.7), EQ-5D (0.59 vs 0.75), EQ-VAS (68.3 vs 73.2), and visual analog scale for overall hip function (49.6 vs 69.2) ( P < .0001 for all). At 2-year follow-up, 83% reported satisfaction with the procedure. There was no difference in the improvement in PROMs among player positions. Further, there was no significant relationship between stick handedness and side of symptomatic hip; however, because of the number of bilateral procedures and large number of left-handed shooters, no conclusions could be drawn. Conclusion: High-level ice hockey players undergoing arthroscopic treatment for FAIS reported improvements in PROMs 2 years after surgery, regardless of player position.

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Improvement of Ice Hockey Players’ On-Ice Sprint With Combined Plyometric and Strength Training

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2016-0262 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 893-900 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Torstein E. Dæhlin ◽

Ole C. Haugen ◽

Simen Haugerud ◽

Ivana Hollan ◽

Truls Raastad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Strength Training ◽

Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽

Sprint Performance ◽

Ice Hockey ◽

Repetition Maximum ◽

Repeated Cycle ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Before And After ◽

Level Ice ◽

High Level

Background:Combined plyometric and strength training has previously been suggested as a strategy to improve skating performance in ice hockey players. However, the effects of combined plyometric and strength training have not previously been compared with the effects of strength training only.Purpose:To compare the effects of combined plyometric and strength training on ice hockey players’ skating sprint performance with those of strength training only.Methods:Eighteen participants were randomly assigned to 2 groups that completed 5 strength-training sessions/wk for 8 wk. One group included plyometric exercises at the start of 3 sessions/wk (PLY+ST), and the other group included core exercises in the same sessions (ST). Tests of 10- and 35-m skating sprints, horizontal jumping, 1-repetition-maximum (1 RM) squat, skating multistage aerobic test (SMAT), maximal oxygen consumption, repeated cycle sprints, and body composition were performed before and after the intervention.Results:The participants increased their 1RM squat, lean mass, and body mass (P < .05), with no difference between the groups. Furthermore, they improved their 3×broad jump, repeated cycle sprint, and SMAT performance (P < .05), with no difference between the groups. PLY+ST gained a larger improvement in 10-m on-ice sprint performance than ST (P < .025).Conclusion:Combining plyometric and strength training for 8 wk was superior to strength training alone at improving 10-m on-ice sprint performance in high-level ice hockey players.

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Planning aspects in training ice hockey players

The Annals of "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati. Fascicle XV, Physical Education and Sport Management ◽

10.35219/efms.2019.2.11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 46-51

Author(s):

Marius Trandafir ◽

Lorand Balint

Keyword(s):

Ice Hockey ◽

Sports Performance ◽

Sports Training ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Complex Process ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Physical Abilities ◽

High Level ◽

Intellectual Potential ◽

Sporting Performance

Sports training is a long-lasting complex process, organized according to the level of performance and the proposed competitive objective. The study aims at highlighting the planning aspects of the sports training in the preparation of ice hockey players. Training planning is organized according to the team's performance level and the targeted result, thus, it can be classified as follows: stage one, anatomical adaptation, stage two, pre-competition stage, competition stage and the transitional stage. The content of each stage is structured and distributed based on the type of effort specific to the hockey game and the main parameters of effort (volume, intensity, complexity). The research methods used for the elaboration of the study are: the study of specialized literature and the pedagogical observation. Sports training is a pedagogical process, which implies compliance with basic principles that ensure the achievement of the established sporting performance, when the methods and means of training are well chosen, adapted and individualised according to the player's bio-mental-physical abilities and his background on the position in the team.In conclusion, in the course of the sports training process, the physical, physiological, mental and intellectual potential of the sportsman will be improved, through planning and periodization elements, which ensure the achievement of high-level sports performance.

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