Effects of the Elevation Training Mask® 2.0 on dyspnea and respiratory muscle mechanics, electromyography, and fatigue during exhaustive cycling in healthy humans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle G. Boyle ◽  
Gabby Napoleone ◽  
Andrew H. Ramsook ◽  
Reid A. Mitchell ◽  
Jordan A. Guenette
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mechanics ◽  
Healthy Humans

Sex differences in respiratory muscle activation patterns during high-intensity exercise in healthy humans

2018 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reid A. Mitchell ◽  
Michele R. Schaeffer ◽  
Andrew H. Ramsook ◽  
Sabrina S. Wilkie ◽  
Jordan A. Guenette
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Healthy Humans

Chest wall kinematics and respiratory muscle action in walking healthy humans

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 938-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sanna ◽  
F. Bertoli ◽  
G. Misuri ◽  
F. Gigliotti ◽  
I. Iandelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Muscle Action ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Velocity Of Shortening ◽  
Flow Generator ◽  
Chest Wall Kinematics

We studied chest wall kinematics and respiratory muscle action in five untrained healthy men walking on a motor-driven treadmill at 2 and 4 miles/h with constant grade (0%). The chest wall volume (Vcw), assessed by using the ELITE system, was modeled as the sum of the volumes of the lung-apposed rib cage (Vrc,p), diaphragm-apposed rib cage (Vrc,a), and abdomen (Vab). Esophageal and gastric pressures were measured simultaneously. Velocity of shortening ( V di) and power [W˙di = diaphragm pressure (Pdi) × V di] of the diaphragm were also calculated. During walking, the progressive increase in end-inspiratory Vcw ( P < 0.05) resulted from an increase in end-inspiratory Vrc,p and Vrc,a ( P < 0.01). The progressive decrease ( P < 0.05) in end-expiratory Vcw was entirely due to the decrease in end-expiratory Vab ( P < 0.01). The increase in Vrc,a was proportionally slightly greater than the increase in Vrc,p, consistent with minimal rib cage distortion (2.5 ± 0.2% at 4 miles/h). The Vcw end-inspiratory increase and end-expiratory decrease were accounted for by inspiratory rib cage (RCM,i) and abdominal (ABM) muscle action, respectively. The pressure developed by RCM,i and ABM and Pdi progressively increased ( P < 0.05) from rest to the highest workload. The increase in V di, more than the increase in the change in Pdi, accounted for the increase inW˙di. In conclusion, we found that, in walking healthy humans, the increase in ventilatory demand was met by the recruitment of the inspiratory and expiratory reserve volume. ABM action accounted for the expiratory reserve volume recruitment. We have also shown that the diaphragm acts mainly as a flow generator. The rib cage distortion, although measurable, is minimized by the coordinated action of respiratory muscles.

scholarly journals Effects of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory muscle electromyography and dyspnea during exercise in healthy men

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 1267-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Ramsook ◽  
Yannick Molgat-Seon ◽  
Michele R. Schaeffer ◽  
Sabrina S. Wilkie ◽  
Pat G. Camp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Respiratory Drive ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Exertional Dyspnea ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Inspiratory Muscles ◽  
Pressure Threshold

Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has consistently been shown to reduce exertional dyspnea in health and disease; however, the physiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. A growing body of literature suggests that dyspnea intensity can be explained largely by an awareness of increased neural respiratory drive, as measured indirectly using diaphragmatic electromyography (EMGdi). Accordingly, we sought to determine whether improvements in dyspnea following IMT can be explained by decreases in inspiratory muscle electromyography (EMG) activity. Twenty-five young, healthy, recreationally active men completed a detailed familiarization visit followed by two maximal incremental cycle exercise tests separated by 5 wk of randomly assigned pressure threshold IMT or sham control (SC) training. The IMT group ( n = 12) performed 30 inspiratory efforts twice daily against a 30-repetition maximum intensity. The SC group ( n = 13) performed a daily bout of 60 inspiratory efforts against 10% maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), with no weekly adjustments. Dyspnea intensity was measured throughout exercise using the modified 0–10 Borg scale. Sternocleidomastoid and scalene EMG was measured using surface electrodes, whereas EMGdi was measured using a multipair esophageal electrode catheter. IMT significantly improved MIP (pre: −138 ± 45 vs. post: −160 ± 43 cmH2O, P < 0.01), whereas the SC intervention did not. Dyspnea was significantly reduced at the highest equivalent work rate (pre: 7.6 ± 2.5 vs. post: 6.8 ± 2.9 Borg units, P < 0.05), but not in the SC group, with no between-group interaction effects. There were no significant differences in respiratory muscle EMG during exercise in either group. Improvements in dyspnea intensity ratings following IMT in healthy humans cannot be explained by changes in the electrical activity of the inspiratory muscles. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Exertional dyspnea intensity is thought to reflect an increased awareness of neural respiratory drive, which is measured indirectly using diaphragmatic electromyography (EMGdi). We examined the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on dyspnea, EMGdi, and EMG of accessory inspiratory muscles. IMT significantly reduced submaximal dyspnea intensity ratings but did not change EMG of any inspiratory muscles. Improvements in exertional dyspnea following IMT may be the result of nonphysiological factors or physiological adaptations unrelated to neural respiratory drive.

Failure of Aminophylline and Salbutamol to Improve Respiratory Muscle Function and Exercise Tolerance in Healthy Humans

Respiration ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Violante ◽  
R. Pellegrino ◽  
C. Vinay ◽  
R. Selleri ◽  
G. Ghinamo
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Function ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Function

scholarly journals Inspiratory flow-resistive breathing, respiratory muscle-induced systemic oxidative stress, and diaphragm fatigue in healthy humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-193
Author(s):  
David R. Briskey ◽  
Kurt Vogel ◽  
Michael A. Johnson ◽  
Graham R. Sharpe ◽  
Jeff S. Coombes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Inspiratory Flow ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Resistive Breathing ◽  
Diaphragm Fatigue

We examined whether the respiratory muscles of humans contribute to systemic oxidative stress following inspiratory flow-resistive breathing, whether the amount of oxidative stress is influenced by the level of resistive load, and whether the amount of oxidative stress is related to the degree of diaphragm fatigue incurred. It is only when sufficiently strenuous that inspiratory flow-resistive breathing elevates plasma F2-isoprostanes, and our novel data show that this is not related to a reduction in transdiaphragmatic twitch pressure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document