scholarly journals Cam morphology is associated with early hip OA features in young adult football players with and without hip and groin pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. S12
Author(s):  
R. Agricola ◽  
K. Crossley ◽  
J. Heerey ◽  
J. Kemp ◽  
M. King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Groin Pain ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Cam Morphology

scholarly journals Cam morphology is associated with MRI-defined cartilage defects and labral tears: a case–control study of 237 young adult football players with and without hip and groin pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e001199
Author(s):  
Joshua Heerey ◽  
Joanne Kemp ◽  
Rintje Agricola ◽  
Ramya Srinivasan ◽  
Anne Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Groin Pain ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Cam Morphology ◽  
Control Study

ObjectiveFootball players are at risk of developing hip osteoarthritis (OA). Cam morphology (present in almost two of every three football players) may explain this heightened risk, but there is limited research on its role in hip OA development in younger athletes. Knowledge of this relationship will advance our understanding of the aetiology of hip OA in football players. We aimed to study the relationship between cam morphology size and MRI-defined cartilage defects and labral tears, and if this relationship differs by symptomatic state in young adult football players.MethodsFor this case–control study, 182 (288 hips) symptomatic (hip and/or groin pain >6 months and positive flexion-adduction-internal-rotation (FADIR) test) and 55 (110 hips) pain-free football players (soccer or Australian football) underwent anteroposterior and Dunn 45° radiographs, and 3-Tesla MRI. Cam morphology size was defined using alpha angle, and cartilage defects and labral tears were scored semiquantitatively. Presence, location and score (severity) of cartilage defects and labral tears were determined. Each participant completed the International Hip Outcome Tool 33 and Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score.ResultsGreater alpha angle was associated with cartilage defects (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.04) and labral tears (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.04). Greater alpha angle was associated with superolateral cartilage defects (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.05) and superior labral tears (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.05). The association of alpha angle with MRI-defined cartilage defects and labral tears was no greater in football players with symptoms than in those without (p=0.189–0.937)ConclusionCam morphology size was associated with cartilage defects and labral tears in young adult football players with and without pain. This study provides evidence that cam morphology may contribute to the high prevalence of hip OA in football players. Prospective studies of football players are now needed to establish if cam morphology causes progression of cartilage defects and labral tears and development of hip OA.

scholarly journals The relationship between cam morphology and hip and groin symptoms and signs in young male football players

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1221-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pim Klij ◽  
Abida Z. Ginai ◽  
Marinus P. Heijboer ◽  
Jan A. N. Verhaar ◽  
Jan H. Waarsing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Football Players ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cam Morphology ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

scholarly journals Cam morphology in young male football players mostly develops before proximal femoral growth plate closure: a prospective study with 5-yearfollow-up

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 532-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pim van Klij ◽  
Marinus P Heijboer ◽  
Abida Z Ginai ◽  
Jan A N Verhaar ◽  
Jan H Waarsing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Growth Plates ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Open Growth Plate ◽  
Morphology Development ◽  
Open Growth ◽  
Cam Morphology

ObjectivesCam morphology is not completely understood. The aim of this study was threefold: (1) to investigate if cam morphology development is associated with growth plate status; (2) to examine whether cam morphology continues to develop after growth plate closure; and (3) to qualitatively describe cam morphology development over 5-year follow-up.MethodsAcademy male football players (n=49) participated in this prospective 5-year follow-up study (baseline 12–19 years old). Anteroposterior and frog-leg lateral views were obtained at baseline (142 hips), 2.5-year (126 hips) and 5-year follow-up (98 hips). Cam morphology on these time points was defined as: (A) visual scores of the anterior head-neck junction, classified as: (1) normal, (2) flattening, and (3) prominence; and (B) alpha angle ≥60°. Proximal femoral growth plates were classified as open or closed. Cam morphology development was defined as every increase in visual score and/or increase in alpha angle from <60° to ≥60°, between two time points. This resulted in 224 measurements for cam morphology development analysis.ResultsCam morphology development was significantly associated with open growth plates based on visual score (OR: 10.03, 95% CI 3.49 to 28.84, p<0.001) and alpha angle (OR: 2.85, 95% CI 1.18 to 6.88, p=0.020). With both definitions combined, cam developed in 104 of 142 hips during follow-up. Of these 104 hips, cam developed in 86 hips (82.7%) with open growth plate and in 18 hips (17.3%) with a closed growth plate. Cam morphology developed from 12 to 13 years of age until growth plate closure around 18 years.ConclusionCam morphology of the hip is more likely to develop with an open growth plate.

scholarly journals Rehabilitation interventions need more than methodological standardisation: an individualised approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000899
Author(s):  
Neil Welch ◽  
Chris Richter ◽  
Kieran Moran ◽  
Andy Franklyn-Miller
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Groin Pain ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Group Approach ◽  
Subject Analysis ◽  
Group Rehabilitation

Objectives: The main aim in the current study was to use a single-subject analysis to profile the physical performance characteristics of individuals within an injured group and a between-group approach to profile the group as a whole. These profiles were then used to inform single-subject and between-group rehabilitation interventions. Methods: Fifty-three (28 with athletic groin pain and 25 non-injured) Gaelic football players (24.8 years±7.1 years; 179 cm±5.5 cm; 79.7 kg±9.2 kg) underwent 3D biomechanical analysis, which was used to measure a series of physical performance characteristics. The non-injured group was used to create a ‘performance database’ to compare the injured individuals, and a between-group analysis was also conducted. The scores from each analysis were used to inform the targets of interventions. Results: The analysis highlighted the variety of profiles that existed across the tested individuals and that these profiles differed from that of the between-group analysis. By analysing individuals in a single-subject approach, detail can be seen that is lost with between-group analysis.

scholarly journals A longitudinal cohort study of adolescent elite footballers and controls investigating the development of cam morphology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Fernquest ◽  
Antony Palmer ◽  
Mo Gimpel ◽  
Richard Birchall ◽  
John Broomfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Lateral Growth ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Morphology Development ◽  
Head Morphology ◽  
Cam Morphology

AbstractCam morphology describes an asphericity of the femoral head that develops during adolescence, is highly prevalent in athletes, and predisposes individuals to future osteoarthritis. However, it’s aetiology remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to perform 3-year longitudinal follow-up of a control population and football club academy cohort to compare the change in hip and growth plate anatomy between athletes and controls. MRI and questionnaires were used to characterise change in hip and growth plate anatomy and quantify activity levels. 121 male academy footballers and 107 male and female controls participated at baseline. Footballers experienced significantly greater increases in femoral head asphericity (4.83 degrees (95% CI: 2.84 to 6.82), p < 0.001) than controls. A positive correlation existed between activity levels and change in femoral head morphology (coefficient 0.79, p  ≤  0.001). Greatest morphological change occurred in individuals aged 11–12 years at baseline, with no significant change in individuals aged 14 years and older at baseline. Cam morphology development was secondary to soft tissue hypertrophy and lateral growth plate extension. In conclusion, excessive loading of the hip joint through exercise prior to 14 years of age may result in growth plate adaptations causing cam morphology. Potential interventions may include training type and load modification in young adolescent football players.

scholarly journals Are cam morphology size and location associated with self‐reported burden in football players with FAI syndrome?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Scholes ◽  
Joanne L. Kemp ◽  
Benjamin F. Mentiplay ◽  
Joshua J. Heerey ◽  
Rintje Agricola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Football Players ◽  
Cam Morphology ◽  
Fai Syndrome
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