Identification of recurring scapula fracture patterns using Three-Dimensional Computerised fracture mapping

Abstract. We propose a new framework of systematic fracture mapping and major calving event prediction for the large ice shelves in Antarctica using multisource satellite data, including optical imagery, SAR imagery, altimetric data, and stereo mapping imagery. The new framework is implemented and applied for a comprehensive study of the fracturing of Ronne-Filchner Ice Shelf (RFIS), the second largest ice shelf in Antarctica, using a long time dataset dating back to 1957. New remote sensing data that have been made available in the past decade, including Landsat 8, WV-2, ZY-3 and others, greatly enhance our abilities to detect new fractures and monitor large rifts in three dimensions. Two large rifts, Rifts 1 and 2, were newly detected and are comparable to the Grand Chasm that caused a major calving event in the region in 1986. Three-dimensional rift models generated from quasi real-time stereo ZY-3 images revealed important topographic information about the large rifts that can be used to improve the reliability of ice shelf modeling and support enhanced analyses of ice shelf stability. Based on the results of the 2D and 3D fracture mapping, the spatial and temporal analyses of the overall fracture changes and large rift evolutions, i.e., the level of fracturing in RFIS, were slightly increased, particularly at the front of the ice sheet. The overall fracture observations do not seem to suggest immediate significant impacts on the stability of the shelf. However, the most active regional fracturing activities occurred at the front of Filchner Ice Shelf (FIS). A potential upcoming major calving event of FIS is estimated to occur in 2051. The stability of the ice shelf, particularly with regard to the developments of Rifts 1 and 2, should be closely monitored.

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Regional differences in the three-dimensional bone microstructure of the radial head: implications for observed fracture patterns

Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery ◽

10.1007/s00402-020-03665-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jetske Viveen ◽

Egon Perilli ◽

Ruurd L. Jaarsma ◽

Job N. Doornberg ◽

Denise Eygengaal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radial Head ◽

Regional Differences ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Bone Microstructure ◽

Fracture Patterns

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Permeability tensors of three-dimensional numerically grown geomechanical discrete fracture networks

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-5538 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Adriana Paluszny ◽

Robin N Thomas ◽

Robert W Zimmerman

Keyword(s):

Stress Intensity ◽

Hydraulic Properties ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Local Stress ◽

Fracture Networks ◽

Intensity Factors ◽

Dense Networks ◽

Fracture Patterns ◽

Discrete Fracture Networks ◽

Discrete Fracture

<p>The mechanics of fracture propagation and interaction influence the growth and permeability of developing fracture networks. A set of initial flaws grows quasi-statically in response to a remote tensile stress. A finite element, stress intensity factor-based approach grows these flaws into non-planar three-dimensional discrete fracture networks (GDFNs). Their extension and growth angle is a function of local stress intensity factors along a fracture tip. Stress concentration increase when proximal fractures are aligned, and decreases when they are sub-coplanar. These interactions can result in the reactivation of fractures that were initially inactive, and the arrest of fractures that become entrapped by proximal growing fractures. Interaction can cause growth away from an intersection front between two fractures, resulting in evolving fracture patterns that become non-uniform and non-planar, forming dense networks. These GDFNs provide representations of subsurface networks that numerically model the physical process of concurrent fracture growth. Permeability tensors of the geomechanical 3D networks are computed, assuming Darcy flow. Growth influences apertures, and in turn, the hydraulic properties of the network. GDFNs provide a promising way to model subsurface fracture networks, and their related hydro-mechanical processes, where fracture mechanics is the primary influence on the geometric and hydraulic properties of the networks.</p>

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Morphological Analysis of Posterior-Medial Intertrochanteric Fracture Patterns Using Fracture-Mapping Technique

10.21203/rs.3.rs-89189/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hanru Ren ◽

Lianghao Wu ◽

Rongguang Ao ◽

Zheng Jian ◽

Xinhua Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Study Design ◽

Fracture Line ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

Mapping Technique ◽

Intertrochanteric Fractures ◽

Fracture Feature ◽

Fracture Patterns ◽

Medial Group ◽

Fracture Mapping

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the fracture patterns of different posterior-medial wall types of intertrochanteric fractures by 3-D fracture-mapping technique and to further assess their clinical utility.Methods: In a retrospective analysis of interochanteric fractures treated in a large trauma center, fractures were classified into predesigned groups based on 3D-CT imaging techniques, and a 3-D template of the intertrochanteric region was graphically superimposed on the fracture line. Fracture characteristics were then summarized based on fracture-mapping. Finally, radiographic parameters, function, and range of motion were recorded in different fracture classification states.Results: A total of 348 intertrochanteric fractures were included. There were 111 patients (31.9%) in the posterolateral + posteromedial + medial group, with the most severe fracture displacement (typically characterized by fragmentation of the posteromedial wall into three isolated fragments). There were 102 cases (29.3%) in the posterolateral + posteromedial + simple medial group, and the most common fracture feature was a complete fragment posteromedially. A total of 81 cases (23.3%) were classified into the posterolateral + medial group, with the medial fracture line extending the anterior fracture line but leaving the lesser trochanter intact. In the isolated medial group of 33 cases (9.5%), the fracture type was similar to type IV, but the integrity of the greater trochanter was ensured. In the posteromedial + medial group of 12 cases (3.4%), the fracture was characterized by an interruption when the fracture line of the anterolateral wall extended to the posteromedial wall, often resulting in a complete isolated fragment posteromedially and medially. There were 9 patients (2.6%) in the isolated posterolateral group. In addition, we found significantly different radiographic scores and range of motion scores between groups.Conclusions: This morphometric study helps us to further characterize posterior-medial fracture patterns of intertrochanteric fractures, which may be closely related to different clinical outcomes. Further studies are needed to verify the reliability of this classification scheme in clinical application.Study Design: Crossover Study Design; Level of evidence, 3.

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