A novel multi-epitope peptide vaccine against cancer: An in silico approach

ABSTRACTDeveloping an efficacious vaccine to SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical to stem COVID-19 fatalities and providing the global community with immune protection. We have used a bioinformatic approach to aid in the design of an epitope peptide-based vaccine against the spike protein of the virus. Five antigenic B cell epitopes with viable antigenicity and a total of 27 discontinuous B cell epitopes were mapped out structurally in the spike protein for antibody recognition. We identified eight CD8+ T cell 9-mers along with 12 CD4+ T cell 14-15-mer as promising candidate epitopes putatively restricted by a large number of MHC-I and II alleles respectively. We used this information to construct an in silico chimeric peptide vaccine whose translational rate was highly expressed when cloned in pET28a (+) vector. The vaccine construct was predicted to elicit high antigenicity and cell-mediated immunity when given as a homologous prime-boost, with triggering of toll-like receptor 5 by the adjuvant linker. The vaccine was characterized by an increase in IgM and IgG and an array of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. Upon in silico challenge with SARS-CoV-2, there was a decrease in antigen levels using our immune simulations. We therefore propose that potential vaccine designs consider this approach.

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Immunoinformatics analysis and in silico designing of a novel multi-epitope peptide vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus

Infection Genetics and Evolution ◽

10.1016/j.meegid.2016.12.010 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 83-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Nasim Hajighahramani ◽

Navid Nezafat ◽

Mahboobeh Eslami ◽

Manica Negahdaripour ◽

Seyyed Soheil Rahmatabadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

In Silico ◽

Peptide Vaccine ◽

Epitope Peptide

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Immuno-informatics design of a multimeric epitope peptide based vaccine targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0248061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e0248061

Author(s):

Onyeka S. Chukwudozie ◽

Clive M. Gray ◽

Tawakalt A. Fagbayi ◽

Rebecca C. Chukwuanukwu ◽

Victor O. Oyebanji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

B Cell ◽

In Silico ◽

Peptide Vaccine ◽

Spike Protein ◽

Cell Mediated Immunity ◽

Epitope Peptide ◽

Mhc I ◽

B Cell Epitopes ◽

Antibody Recognition

Developing an efficacious vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical to stemming COVID-19 fatalities and providing the global community with immune protection. We have used a bioinformatic approach to aid in designing an epitope peptide-based vaccine against the spike protein of the virus. Five antigenic B cell epitopes with viable antigenicity and a total of 27 discontinuous B cell epitopes were mapped out structurally in the spike protein for antibody recognition. We identified eight CD8+ T cell 9-mers and 12 CD4+ T cell 14-15-mer as promising candidate epitopes putatively restricted by a large number of MHC I and II alleles, respectively. We used this information to construct an in silico chimeric peptide vaccine whose translational rate was highly expressed when cloned in pET28a (+) vector. With our In silico test, the vaccine construct was predicted to elicit high antigenicity and cell-mediated immunity when given as a homologous prime-boost, triggering of toll-like receptor 5 by the adjuvant linker. The vaccine was also characterized by an increase in IgM and IgG and an array of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. Upon in silico challenge with SARS-CoV-2, there was a decrease in antigen levels using our immune simulations. We, therefore, propose that potential vaccine designs consider this approach.

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Designing a Multi-epitope Peptide Vaccine Against COVID-19 Variants Utilizing In-silico Tools

Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.30699/ijmm.15.5.592 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 592-605

Author(s):

Hassan Dariushnejad ◽

Vajihe Ghorbanzadeh ◽

Soheila Akbari ◽

Pejman Hashemzadeh ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Silico ◽

Peptide Vaccine ◽

Epitope Peptide ◽

In Silico Tools

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Design an efficient multi-epitope peptide vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2: An in silico analysis

10.1101/2020.04.20.051557 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zahra Yazdani ◽

Alireza Rafiei ◽

Mohammadreza Yazdani ◽

Reza Valadan

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

In Silico ◽

Tertiary Structure ◽

Peptide Vaccine ◽

High Mobility ◽

In Silico Analysis ◽

Epitope Peptide ◽

Cellular And Humoral Immunity ◽

Cellular Immune ◽

Immunodominant Epitopes

AbstractBackgroundTo date, no specific vaccine or drug has been proven to be effective for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, we implemented immunoinformatics approach to design an efficient multi-epitopes vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.ResultsThe designed vaccine construct has several immunodominant epitopes from structural proteins of Spike, Nucleocapsid, Membrane and Envelope. These peptides promote cellular and humoral immunity and Interferon gamma responses. In addition, these epitopes have antigenicity ability and no allergenicity probability. To enhance the vaccine immunogenicity, we used three potent adjuvants; Flagellin, a driven peptide from high mobility group box 1 as HP-91 and human beta defensin 3 protein. The physicochemical and immunological properties of the vaccine structure were evaluated. Tertiary structure of the vaccine protein was predicted and refined by I-Tasser and galaxi refine and validated using Rampage and ERRAT. Results of Ellipro showed 242 residues from vaccine might be conformational B cell epitopes. Docking of vaccine with Toll-Like Receptors 3, 5 and 8 proved an appropriate interaction between the vaccine and receptor proteins. In silico cloning demonstrated that the vaccine can be efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli.ConclusionsThe designed multi epitope vaccine is potentially antigenic in nature and has the ability to induce humoral and cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. This vaccine can interact appropriately with the TLR3, 5, and 8. Also, this vaccine has high quality structure and suitable characteristics such as high stability and potential for expression in Escherichia coli.

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In silico screening of antigenic B-cell derived T-cell epitopes and designing of a multi-epitope peptide vaccine for Acinetobacter nosocomialis

Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling ◽

10.1016/j.jmgm.2019.107477 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 94 ◽

pp. 107477 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rida Sajjad ◽

Sajjad Ahmad ◽

Syed Sikander Azam

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

B Cell ◽

In Silico ◽

Peptide Vaccine ◽

T Cell Epitopes ◽

Epitope Peptide ◽

In Silico Screening

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Design an Efficient Multi-Epitope Peptide Vaccine Candidate Against SARS-CoV-2: An in silico Analysis

Infection and Drug Resistance ◽

10.2147/idr.s264573 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol Volume 13 ◽

pp. 3007-3022 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zahra Yazdani ◽

Alireza Rafiei ◽

Mohammadreza Yazdani ◽

Reza Valadan

Keyword(s):

In Silico ◽

Vaccine Candidate ◽

Peptide Vaccine ◽

In Silico Analysis ◽

Epitope Peptide ◽

Silico Analysis

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A NOVEL MULTI-EPITOPE PEPTIDE VACCINE CONSTRUCT AGAINST INFLUENZA A VIRUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE CO-INFECTION: AN IN SILICO APPROACH

NUST Journal of Natural Sciences ◽

10.53992/njns.v4i2.7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 30-50

Author(s):

Maha Kaiser ◽

Amjad Ali

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Pattern Recognition ◽

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Influenza A Virus ◽

In Silico ◽

Influenza A ◽

Peptide Vaccine ◽

Epitope Peptide ◽

Ncbi Accession ◽

Recognition Receptor

Viral and bacterial respiratory tract co-infections in the same host often result in severity and heightened pathology of illness compared to single infections. This has proven to be true for combined infections with Influenza A virus and the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. Separate vaccines do exist for each individual infection but they prove to be ineffective and non-specific when the infection has multiplied in case of co-infection. The study utilised in silico approaches and proposed a structural design for multi-epitope peptide vaccine having the ability to target co-infection caused by A/New York/392/2004 (H3N2) and R6 strains of Influenza A virus (NCBI Accession: PRJNA15622) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (NCBI Accession: PRJNA278), respectively. Epitope prediction followed by protein prioritization was performed using the reference sequence of each strain to short list the epitopes that can later be used for constructing multi-epitope structure. The multi-epitope constructs having Cholera Toxin Subunit B as adjuvant and (Gly4Ser)3 as flexible linker were then analyzed for their ability to induce an effective immune response in human body for which Macrophage receptor with collagenous structure, Toll-like receptor 2, 4 and 5 were taken as Pattern Recognition Receptors. The significant immune response generated through each Pattern Recognition Receptor helped to conclude that multi-epitope peptide structures can be used as probable candidates for the design of vaccine. The combination of the epitopes LWSYNAELL and FTGKQLQVG of Influenza A virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae, respectively, induced highly significant immune response in case of each Pattern Recognition Receptor when tested through in-silico predictive tools.

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