Preparation of lithium iron phosphate cathode materials with different carbon contents using glucose additive for Li-ion batteries

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1501-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Te Hsieh ◽  
Chun-Ting Pai ◽  
Yu-Fu Chen ◽  
I-Ling Chen ◽  
Wei-Yu Chen
RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (53) ◽  
pp. 33544-33551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Feng ◽  
Junjie Gu ◽  
Feng Yu ◽  
Chunfu Lin ◽  
Jinli Zhang ◽  
...  

This work first discloses the evolution of lattice parameters of the non-stoichiometric lithium iron phosphate crystals.


Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Peralta P. ◽  
Giovani Vieira ◽  
Simon Meunier ◽  
Rodrigo Vale ◽  
Mauricio Salles ◽  
...  

Greenhouse gas emissions are one of the most critical worldwide concerns, and multiple efforts are being proposed to reduce these emissions. Shipping represents around 2% of global CO 2 emissions. Since ship power systems have a high dependence on fossil fuels, hybrid systems using diesel generators and batteries are becoming an interesting solution to reduce CO 2 emissions. In this article, we analyze the potential implementation of Li-ion batteries in a platform supply vessel system through simulations using HOMER software (Hybrid Optimization Model for Multiple Energy Resources). We evaluate the impact of battery characteristics such as round trip efficiency, rated power, and energy capacity. We also evaluate the potential CO 2 emissions reduction that could be achieved with two of the most common types of Li-ion batteries (lithium titanate, lithium iron phosphate). Furthermore, we consider that the Li-ion batteries are installed in a 20 ft container. Results indicate that the lithium iron phosphate battery has a better performance, even though the difference between both technologies is lower than 1% of total emissions. We also analyze the potential emissions reduction for different parts of a mission to an offshore platform for different configurations of the ship power system. The most significant potential CO 2 emissions reduction among the analyzed cases is 8.7% of the total emissions, and it is achieved by the configuration including the main and auxiliary diesel engines as well as batteries. Finally, we present managerial implications of these results for both companies operating ships and ship building companies.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasily D. Sumanov ◽  
Dmitry A. Aksyonov ◽  
Oleg A. Drozhzhin ◽  
Igor A. Presniakov ◽  
Alexey V. Sobolev ◽  
...  

Lithium iron phosphate LiFePO<sub>4</sub> triphylite is now one of the core positive electrode (cathode) materials enabling the Li-ion battery technology for stationary energy storage applications, which are important for broad implementation of the renewable energy sources. Despite the apparent simplicity of its crystal structure and chemical composition, LiFePO<sub>4</sub> is prone to off-stoichiometry and demonstrates rich defect chemistry owing to variations in the cation content and iron oxidation state, and to the redistribution of the cations and vacancies over two crystallographically distinct octahedral sites. The importance of the defects stems from their impact on the electrochemical performance, particularly on limiting the capacity and rate capability through blocking the Li ion diffusion along the channels of the olivine-type LiFePO<sub>4</sub> structure. Up to now the polyanionic (i.e. phosphate) sublattice has been considered idle on this playground. Here, we demonstrate that under hydrothermal conditions up to 16% of the phosphate groups can be replaced with hydroxyl groups yielding the Li<sub>1-x</sub>Fe<sub>1+x</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>1-y</sub>(OH)<sub>4y</sub> solid solutions, which we term “hydrotriphylites”. This substitution has tremendous effect on the chemical composition and crystal structure of the lithium iron phosphate causing abundant population of the Li-ion diffusion channels with the iron cations and off-center Li displacements due to their tighter bonding to oxygens. These perturbations trigger the formation of an acentric structure and increase the activation barriers for the Li-ion diffusion. The “hydrotriphylite”-type substitution also affects the magnetic properties by progressively lowering the Néel temperature. The off-stoichiometry caused by this substitution critically depends on the overall concentration of the precursors and reducing agent in the hydrothermal solutions, placing it among the most important parameters to control the chemical composition and defect concentration of the LiFePO<sub>4</sub>-based cathodes.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasily D. Sumanov ◽  
Dmitry A. Aksyonov ◽  
Oleg A. Drozhzhin ◽  
Igor A. Presniakov ◽  
Alexey V. Sobolev ◽  
...  

Lithium iron phosphate LiFePO<sub>4</sub> triphylite is now one of the core positive electrode (cathode) materials enabling the Li-ion battery technology for stationary energy storage applications, which are important for broad implementation of the renewable energy sources. Despite the apparent simplicity of its crystal structure and chemical composition, LiFePO<sub>4</sub> is prone to off-stoichiometry and demonstrates rich defect chemistry owing to variations in the cation content and iron oxidation state, and to the redistribution of the cations and vacancies over two crystallographically distinct octahedral sites. The importance of the defects stems from their impact on the electrochemical performance, particularly on limiting the capacity and rate capability through blocking the Li ion diffusion along the channels of the olivine-type LiFePO<sub>4</sub> structure. Up to now the polyanionic (i.e. phosphate) sublattice has been considered idle on this playground. Here, we demonstrate that under hydrothermal conditions up to 16% of the phosphate groups can be replaced with hydroxyl groups yielding the Li<sub>1-x</sub>Fe<sub>1+x</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>1-y</sub>(OH)<sub>4y</sub> solid solutions, which we term “hydrotriphylites”. This substitution has tremendous effect on the chemical composition and crystal structure of the lithium iron phosphate causing abundant population of the Li-ion diffusion channels with the iron cations and off-center Li displacements due to their tighter bonding to oxygens. These perturbations trigger the formation of an acentric structure and increase the activation barriers for the Li-ion diffusion. The “hydrotriphylite”-type substitution also affects the magnetic properties by progressively lowering the Néel temperature. The off-stoichiometry caused by this substitution critically depends on the overall concentration of the precursors and reducing agent in the hydrothermal solutions, placing it among the most important parameters to control the chemical composition and defect concentration of the LiFePO<sub>4</sub>-based cathodes.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document